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Lesson 4

The document outlines the importance of determining an appropriate sample size for surveys, emphasizing that both too small and too large sample sizes can lead to invalid results and wasted resources. It discusses characteristics of a good sample size, considerations for determining sample size, and statistical methods such as Slovin's and Raosoft formulas for calculating sample size. The document aims to equip readers with the knowledge to effectively choose sample sizes for their research.

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princesshapieilagan
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23 views27 pages

Lesson 4

The document outlines the importance of determining an appropriate sample size for surveys, emphasizing that both too small and too large sample sizes can lead to invalid results and wasted resources. It discusses characteristics of a good sample size, considerations for determining sample size, and statistical methods such as Slovin's and Raosoft formulas for calculating sample size. The document aims to equip readers with the knowledge to effectively choose sample sizes for their research.

Uploaded by

princesshapieilagan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

GOOD

DAY!
Let's check your 3H's 😊

1
SAMPLE SIZE
Week 04
OBJECTIVES
After this session, you must be able to:

• Determine the appropriate sampling size.

• Differentiate various sampling techniques.

• Know the sources of errors in sampling.

3
The Need to
Determine
Appropriate
Sample Size
Why is it important to take note? 1 4
WHY WE NEED APPROPRIATE
SAMPLE SIZE?
“How many participants should be chosen for a survey”?
One of the most frequent problems in statistical
analysis is the determination of the appropriate sample size.
One may ask why sample size is so important.
The answer to this is that an appropriate sample size is
required for validity. If the sample size it too small, it will not
yield valid results. An appropriate sample size can produce
accuracy of results. Moreover, the results from the small
sample size will be questionable. A sample size that is too large
will result in wasting money and time because enough sample
will normally give an accurate result.

5
Characteristics of
a Good Sample Size
Not too small, not too big. Sakto lang 2 6
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
SAMPLE SIZE

The sample size is typically


denoted by n and it is always a positive
integer. No exact sample size can be
mentioned here and it can vary in
different research settings. However, all
else being equal, large sized sample
leads to increased precision in estimates
of various properties of the population.

7
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
SAMPLE SIZE

Also, take note of the following:


- Representativeness, not size, is the
more important consideration.
- Use no less than 30 subjects if
possible.
- If you use complex statistics, you may
need a minimum of 100 or more in
your sample (varies with method)

8
👤
👤
👤
👤👤👤 👤
👤 👤
👤 👤👤 POPULATION
👤 👤 The set of all individuals of
👤 👤👤 interest in a particular study

👤👤 👤
👤👤 👤👤
👤
👤 👤
👤👤 👤 👤 👤 SAMPLE
A set of individuals from a
👤 population, intended to
👤 represent the population itself
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
SAMPLE SIZE

10
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
SAMPLE SIZE

11
Considerations in
Determining your
Sample Size
Checking all the means to find the sweet spot 3 12
CONSIDERATIONS IN DETERMINING YOUR
SAMPLE SIZE
Choosing of sample size depends on
nonstatistical considerations and
statistical considerations.

• Non-statistical considerations – It may


include availability of resources, man
power, budget, ethics and sampling
frame.

13
CONSIDERATIONS IN DETERMINING YOUR
SAMPLE SIZE
Choosing of sample size depends on
nonstatistical considerations and
statistical considerations.

• Statistical considerations – It will


include the desired precision of the
estimate.

14
3 STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR
SAMPLE SIZE
1. Level of Precision – Also called
sampling error, the level of
precision, is the range in which
the true value of the population
is estimated to be.

15
3 STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR
SAMPLE SIZE
2. Confidence Interval – It is statistical
measure of the number of times out of 100
that results can be expected to be within a
specified range. For example, a confidence
interval of 90% means that results of an
action will probably meet expectations 90%
of the time. To find the right z – score to use,
refer to the table:

16
3 STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR
SAMPLE SIZE
3. Degree of Variability – Depending upon the
target population and attributes under
consideration, the degree of variability varies
considerably. The more heterogeneous a
population is, the larger the sample size is
required to get an optimum level of
precision.

17
Methods in
Determining the
Sample Size
Let's compute! 4 18
SLOVIN'S FORMULA
Slovin’s Formula is used to calculate the
sample size n given the population size and
error. It is computed as:
𝑵
𝒏≥
𝟏+ 𝑵 𝒆 𝟐
where:
N is the population size
e is the level of precision or error estimate

19
SLOVIN'S FORMULA
Example. A researcher plans to conduct a
survey about food preference of BS Stat
students. If the population of students is 1000,
find the sample size if the error is 5%.

𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝒏≥
𝟏+𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 ¿ ¿
𝑵
𝒏≥ 𝟐
𝒏≥ 𝟐𝟖𝟓 . 𝟕𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟕 …
𝟏+ 𝑵 𝒆
𝒏 ≥ 𝟐𝟖𝟔

20
RAOSOFT FORMULA
Example. A university has 5,000 students, and
we want to survey them at 95% confidence
level with a 5% margin of error.

21
RAOSOFT FORMULA
Example. A university has 5,000 students, and
we want to survey them at 95% confidence
level with a 5% margin of error.

22
RAOSOFT FORMULA
Example. A university has 5,000 students, and
we want to survey them at 95% confidence
level with a 5% margin of error.

23
RAOSOFT FORMULA
Example. A university has 5,000 students, and
we want to survey them at 95% confidence
level with a 5% margin of error.

24
RAOSOFT METHOD

25
ACTIVITY TIME!
GET A ¼ SHEET OF PAPER. WRITE
YOUR NAME, SECTION, AND THE
DATE TODAY.

26
THANKS
!
Any questions?

27

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