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Introduction To Weather Forecasting: by Surada Vasanth

This presentation provides an overview of weather forecasting, covering its historical development, fundamental principles, and modern data collection methods. It discusses various forecasting techniques, including numerical weather prediction and the challenges faced in accuracy. The future of weather forecasting is explored, highlighting advancements in computing power and artificial intelligence.

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vasanthsurada75
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8 views10 pages

Introduction To Weather Forecasting: by Surada Vasanth

This presentation provides an overview of weather forecasting, covering its historical development, fundamental principles, and modern data collection methods. It discusses various forecasting techniques, including numerical weather prediction and the challenges faced in accuracy. The future of weather forecasting is explored, highlighting advancements in computing power and artificial intelligence.

Uploaded by

vasanthsurada75
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Weather

Forecasting
This presentation will explore the fascinating world of weather
forecasting. We'll delve into its history, key principles, data
collection methods, and the latest advancements.

by Surada Vasanth
A Brief History of Weather Forecasting
Ancient Roots Instrument Development

Early societies relied on folklore and observations of The invention of the thermometer, barometer, and
the sky and animal behavior to predict the weather. hygrometer laid the groundwork for more accurate
weather forecasting.
Basic Principles of Weather
1 Pressure Systems 2 Air Masses & Fronts
High-pressure systems Different air masses
bring clear skies, while collide, creating various
low-pressure systems weather patterns like
create clouds and storms and temperature
precipitation. changes.

3 The Water Cycle


The constant cycle of evaporation, condensation, and
precipitation drives weather events.
Data Collection: Ground
Observations
Weather Stations
Networks of stations across the globe collect crucial data on
temperature, pressure, wind, and precipitation.

Automated Systems
Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS) in the US
provide real-time weather data from over 900 stations.
Data Collection: Upper-Air Observations

Weather balloons, also called radiosondes, measure Commercial aircraft contribute to weather data by
temperature, humidity, wind speed, and direction at transmitting measurements along their flight paths.
high altitudes.
Data Collection: Remote Sensing

Weather Satellites Radar


Geostationary and polar-orbiting Doppler radar detects precipitation
1 2
satellites provide continuous imagery intensity and movement, essential for
of clouds and weather conditions. storm warnings.
Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)
Computer Models 1
NWP uses complex equations to simulate the
atmosphere, taking into account various
factors. 2 Input Data
Models incorporate data from ground, upper-air,
and remote sensing observations.
Forecasting Methods
Nowcasting
Short-range forecasts rely on current observations
and trends to predict immediate weather changes.

Short-Range Forecasts
Using NWP models, short-range forecasts typically
cover 1 to 3 days.

Medium-Range Forecasts
Ensemble forecasts, running multiple simulations,
provide insights into longer-term weather patterns.
Challenges and Limitations

Chaos Theory

1 Small errors in initial conditions can dramatically alter forecast accuracy.

Model Biases

2 NWP models may have systematic errors, requiring adjustments


and improvements.

Data Gaps

3 Insufficient observations in remote or sparsely


populated areas can limit forecast reliability.
The Future of Weather
Forecasting
Computing Power
Increased computing power allows for more complex models
and higher resolution forecasts.

Artificial Intelligence
Machine learning algorithms can help refine forecasts and
improve accuracy.

Personalized Forecasts
Future forecasts may be tailored to individual needs and
locations.

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