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Electronics

VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) refers to the miniaturization of microchips containing hundreds of thousands of transistors. The VLSI design cycle includes specification, implementation, and validation, following methodologies such as Top-Down and Bottom-Up design. The design process involves system specification, functional design, logic design, circuit design, and physical design to create a packaged chip.

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20 views21 pages

Electronics

VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) refers to the miniaturization of microchips containing hundreds of thousands of transistors. The VLSI design cycle includes specification, implementation, and validation, following methodologies such as Top-Down and Bottom-Up design. The design process involves system specification, functional design, logic design, circuit design, and physical design to create a packaged chip.

Uploaded by

ria.na.bur.kh.adth
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction

What is VLSI?
VLSI (very large-scale integration) is the current level of
computer microchip miniaturization and refers to microchips
containing in the hundreds of thousands of transistor s. LSI
(large-scale integration) meant microchips containing
thousands of transistors.

What is the Use of VLSI?


VLSI APPLICATION. VLSI stands for Very Large Scale
Integration. It's used in creating so many chips and circuits
on a single mini chip of silicon.
Introduction
About any design..
Requirements
Requirementsstudy
study

specification
specification What do I have to design?

implementation
implementation How do I do it?

validation
validation Have I implemented

market
market What I intended to?
VLSI Design cycle:

VLSI design cycle start with a


formal specification of a VLSI
chip, follows a series of steps,
and eventually produces a
packaged chip.

VLSI SYSTEM DESIGN FLOW


V. ANURADHA
Simplified VLSI Design Flows
System Specification

Circuit
Functional Representation
Behavioral Circuit Design
(Architecture) Design
Representation

Functional Verification Circuit Verification

Logic(Gate-Level) Layout
Representation
Logic Design Physical Design Representation

Logic Verification Physical Verification

Back End Layout Phase


Synthesis Phase Front End
Four Levels of Design Representation

Behavioral
Representation
Functional Blocks, FSM

Logic (Gate-Level) Logic Blocks, Gates


Representation

Circuit
(Transistor-Level) Transistor Schematics
Representation

VLSI SYSTEM DESIGN FLOW


Layout V. ANURADHA
Representation Physical Devices
VLSI Design flow

VLSI SYSTEM DESIGN FLOW


V. ANURADHA
Design Methodology
There are two basic types of digital design
methodologies
Top-Down design methodology
Bottom-Up design methodology

Top-Down Design Methodology


 Define top-level block and identify the sub-
blocks
 divide sub-block until we come to leaf cells
Design Methodology
Bottom-Up Design Methodology
identify building block that are available for us

build a bigger cells using these block

continue build a cell until we build top level the


A combination of Top-Down and Bottom-Up
design are used in today’s digital design
top-level
Top-Down Design Methodology

Top Level Block

Sub Block 1 Sub Block 1 Sub Block 1

Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf


Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell

VLSI SYSTEM DESIGN FLOW


V. ANURADHA
Bottom-Up Design Methodology

Top Level Block

Macro Cell 1 Macro Cell 2 Macro Cell 3

Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf


Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
Simplified view of VLSI design Flow

Top Down
(algorithm

Bottom Up
(physical)
Y-Chart
System Specification
 First step of design process is to lay
down the specification of the
system.
 High level representation of the
system.
 Factors considered:
 Performance,Functionality,Physical
dimension,Design
technique,Fabrication technology
 It is a compromise between market
requirements, technological and
economical viability.
System Specification

The end results are specifications of


 Size,Speed,Power and
Functionality of the VLSI system
 Basic architecture
Functional Design

 Main functional units, Interconnect


requirements of the system are identified
 The area, power and other parameters of each
unit are estimated
 The key idea is to specify behavior, in terms of
Input,Output,Timing of each unit
 The outcome of functional design is usually a
timing diagram
 This information leads to improvement of the
overall design process and reduction of
complexity of the subsequent phases
Logic Design
Design the logic, that is,
Boolean expressions,word width, register
allocation, etc.

The outcome is called an RTL (Register


Transfer Level) description. RTL is expressed
in a HDL (Hardware Description Language),
such as VHDL and Verilog.
Circuit Design
 The purpose of the circuit design is to develop a
circuit representation based on the logic design.

 The Boolean expression can be converted into a


circuit representation by taking into
consideration the speed and power
requirements of the original design.

 Design the circuit including gates, transistors,


interconnections, etc. The outcome is called a
netlist.

 Circuit simulation is used to verify the


correctness and timing of component
Physical Design

Given a circuit after logic


synthesis, to convert it into a
layout
Overall design process

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