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Basics of Computer Components (Autosaved)

The document provides an overview of essential computer components, including the CPU, motherboard, RAM, storage devices, PSU, GPU, input/output devices, and cooling systems. Each component's function and examples are outlined, emphasizing their roles in a computer's operation and performance. The document serves as a foundational guide for understanding how these components work together in a computer system.

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9 views12 pages

Basics of Computer Components (Autosaved)

The document provides an overview of essential computer components, including the CPU, motherboard, RAM, storage devices, PSU, GPU, input/output devices, and cooling systems. Each component's function and examples are outlined, emphasizing their roles in a computer's operation and performance. The document serves as a foundational guide for understanding how these components work together in a computer system.

Uploaded by

1240101193
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basics of computer components

Applications of information and technology

PRESENTED BY:
E M A N FAT I M A 086
SYEDA RAIHA ZAINAB 008
ABDULLAH SIDDIQUE 100
Introduction to Computer Components
• Definition:Computer components are the physical parts that make
up a computer system.
• Purpose:To provide a foundation for understanding how computers
function.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• The brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions.
• Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions.
• Controls other components.
• Example: Intel Core i7, AMD Ryzen.
Motherboard
The main circuit board that connects all components.
Key Features:
 Houses the CPU, RAM, and expansion slots.
 Provides communication pathways via buses.

Components:
 Chipset: Manages data transfer between components.
 Sockets: Hold the CPU and other processors in place.
 Ports: Provide connections for peripherals, such as USB and audio.
Random Access Memory (RAM)-
 Temporary storage used for data currently being
processed.
 Volatile memory (loses data when powered off).
 Affects multitasking capability and performance.

Example: DDR4, DDR5.


Storage Devices:
Storage devices are hardware components that store digital data,
instructions, and information for later retrieval and use. They provide a
means to record, retain, and retrieve data, allowing computers and
other devices to access and utilize the stored information.

Examples of storage devices include:


 Hard Disk Drives (HDD)
 Solid-State Drives (SSD)
 Flash Drives
 Optical Disc Drives (CD, DVD, Blu-ray
 Tape Drives
Types of storage Devices
Hard Disk Drive • A non-volatile storage device that stores data on a
magnetic disk.
(HDD)

Solid-State Drive • A non-volatile storage device that stores data on


interconnected flash memory chips.
(SSD
• A portable, non-volatile storage device that stores
Flash Drive data on flash memory.

• A storage device that reads and writes data to


Optical Disc Drive optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.

• A storage device that reads and writes data to


Tape Drive magnetic tape.
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
Converts electrical power and distributes it to
computer components.
Key Features:
 Rated in watts.
 Efficiency rating (e.g., 80 Plus).
Importance:
Provides stable power and protects from
surges.
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
 Dedicated hardware for rendering images and video.
 Handles graphics-intensive tasks (gaming, video editing).
 Can significantly enhance performance for specific applications.
Example: NVIDIA GeForce, AMD Radeon.
Input and Output Devices
Input Devices: Convert user actions into computer signals.
Output Devices: Display processed data.
Cooling Systems
Mechanisms to dissipate heat generated by computer components.
Types:
 Air Cooling: Fans and heat sinks.
 Liquid Cooling: Liquid cooling systems for higher efficiency.
Importance: Prevents overheating and maintains performance.

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