Building Electrical Materials,

Electrical Loads and

Electrical Layout Plan
What are electrical materials

Electrical materials are used for the electrical

installations, in case of house wiring or
building wiring electrical materials are used.
We can’t do the electrical installations
without using electrical materials.
The electrical materials have many purposes, they can
be used to control the current flow in an electric circuit.
There are certain electrical materials like circuit breaker
and fuses which can be used to protect the electrical
appliances and devices and it can prevent fire hazards
and damage. Electrical material such as insulators can
prevent users from getting electric shocks while
operating electrical appliances or instruments. Electrical
materials such as current-carrying wires or conductors
are used to transfer the current from source to the load.
The most commonly used electrical materials:

Convenience outlet
This electric material acts as a convenient source
of electric energy for electrical appliances which
requires electricity to work. The male plug of the
appliances is connected to this material. It could
be simplex, duplex, or multiplex it may be surface
or flush type.
Convenience outlet
Male plug

The male plug is a device that is used to

connect the electrical appliance to the
convenience outlet. The convenience outlet
will act as a source of electrical energy and the
male plug is attached to a flat cord. One end of
the cord is connected to the male plug and the
other end is connected to the appliance.
Male plug
Lamp holders

Lamp holders are a

device that is used to
hold the lamp they are
also called lamp sockets
and receptacles. These
lamp holders are in any
size and in many
designs.
Switches
Switches are used to
control the flow of
electric current in a
circuit they are used to
connect and disconnect
the flow of electric
current in a circuit.
Switches are in many
shapes and sizes.
Fuses

A fuse can be considered as a circuit

protection device that automatically blows
and cuts the current when a short circuit
happens. So if there is an overvoltage the
switch will cut the current and protects the
device.
Fuses
Circuit breaker
A circuit breaker is also
a protective device that
will protect the
appliances from over-
voltages. The circuit
breaker will
automatically blow and
cuts when short circuit
or overvoltage occurs.
Junction box

Junction boxes are

electric materials
where connections or
joints of wires are
done. Junction boxes
are mostly made of
metal or plastics.
Utility box
Utility boxes are made up of metal or
plastic material, utility boxes are attached
with the flush type convenience outlet and
switch.
Flat cord
It is a duplex stranded wire which is used for
temporary wiring installations and they are
commonly used in extension cord assembly.
Electrical wire
Electrical wire is a conductor which is used for the
transfer of electricity, the electric wire is the basic
material for electrical installations. The transfer of
current from source to load is possible with the help of
an electric wire. Stranded electric wires are made up of
multiple strands joined together and solid wire is made
up of a single strand of wire which is either made up of
copper or aluminum. These are used in wiring
installations.
Clamps
Clamps are electric
materials that are used
to hold and anchor
electrical conduits to
their proper position.
Electrical Tape

Electrical tape is material used to insulate

cables and wires splices and cable
terminations. It is also used to seal and
repair of cables and wires.
An electrical load is an electrical component
or portion of a circuit that consumes (active)
electric power. This is opposed to a power
source, such as a battery or generator, which
produces power. In electric power circuits
examples of loads are appliances and lights.
The term may also refer to the power
consumed by a circuit.
Load affects the performance of circuits with
respect to output voltages or currents, such as in
sensors, voltage sources, and amplifiers. Mains
power outlets provide an easy example: they
supply power at constant voltage, with electrical
appliances connected to the power circuit
collectively making up the load. When a high-
power appliance switches on, it dramatically
reduces the load impedance.
Common Household Electrical Loads:
1. Lights 8. Television
2. Electric Fan 9. Electric Range
3. Refrigerator 10. Electric Heater
4. Electric Stove 11. Washing Machine
5. Rice Cooker
6. Air conditioning Unit
7. Water Pump
SCHEDULE OF LOADS

Ckt. Description Power Voltage Current Air Circuit Breaker Conduit

Qty. Phase Size of Circuit Conductors
No. of Load VA volts Amp. Rating, Amp Size
SCHEDULE OF LOADS

Ckt. Description Power Voltage Current Air Circuit Breaker Conduit

Qty. Phase Size of Circuit Conductors
No. of Load VA volts Amp. Rating, Amp Size
Ceiling Lighting
15 mm Ø
1 Outlet 18 1,800 230 1Ǿ 7.83 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20
Ceiling Lighting
15 mm Ø
2 Outlet 17 1,700 230 1Ǿ 7.39 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20
Ceiling Lighting
15 mm Ø
3 Outlet 16 1,600 230 1Ǿ 6.96 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20
Convenience
15 mm Ø
4 Outlet 8 1,440 230 1Ǿ 6.26 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20
Convenience
15 mm Ø
5 Outlet 8 1,440 230 1Ǿ 6.26 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20
Convenience
15 mm Ø
6 Outlet 8 1,440 230 1Ǿ 6.26 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20
7 Range 1 3,000 230 1Ǿ 13.04 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20 15 mm Ø
8 Heater 1 1,000 230 1Ǿ 4.35 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20 15 mm Ø
9 Heater 1 1,000 230 1Ǿ 4.35 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20 15 mm Ø
10 ACU, 3/4hp 1 1,587 230 1Ǿ 6.90 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20 15 mm Ø
11 ACU, 3/4hp 1 1,587 230 1Ǿ 6.90 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20 15 mm Ø
12 ACU, 3/4hp 1 1,587 230 1Ǿ 6.90 2 - # 3.5 mm2 THHN Wires 20 15 mm Ø
13 Spare 1 1,000 230 1Ǿ 4.35 20
20,181 87.74
How to determine the size of the circuit conductors:
1.Determine the total power of the circuit in watts.
2.Divide the total power by the voltage to find for the
current.
3.Multiply the current by 125%, the product will be the
basis for determining the ampacity of the conductor to be
used.
4.Using the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) 2017 Edition,
look for the size of wire at table 3.10.2.6(B)(16) for THHN
Wires at 90oC Conductor Rating.
How to determine the size of the circuit breaker for the
circuit conductors.
1.Determine the total power of the circuit, watts.
2.Divide the total power by the voltage to find for the
current.
3.Multiply the current by 125%, the product will be the
basis for determining the current rating of the circuit
breaker to be used.
4.Using the Philippine Electrical Code 2017 (PEC) 2017
Edition, look for the standard Ampere Ratings for Fuses and
Inverse Time Circuit Breakers at Table 2.40.1.6(A).
How to determine for the size of conductors of a single phase
alternating current motors.
1.Determine the horsepower (hp) rating of the motor.
2.Look for the full-load current using PEC 2017 Edition Table
4.30.14.2.
3.Multiply the full-load current by 125% and the product will be
the basis for the ampacity of the conductors to be used.
4.Using the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) 2017 Edition, look
for the size of wire at table 3.10.2.6(B)(16) for THHN Wires at
90oC Conductor Rating.
How to determine for the size of circuit breaker of a single
phase alternating current motors.
1.Determine the horsepower (hp) rating of the motor.
2.Look for the full-load current using PEC 2017 Edition Table
4.30.14.2.
3.Multiply the full-load current by 200% and the product will be
the basis for the ampere rating of the circuit breaker to be
used.
4.Using the Philippine Electrical Code 2017 (PEC) 2017 Edition,
look for the standard Ampere Ratings for Fuses and Inverse
Time Circuit Breakers at Table 2.40.1.6(A).