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Session 04-Node and HTTP

The document outlines the essentials of networking and the implementation of a simple HTTP server using Node.js. It covers client-server communication, HTTP protocols, and the use of Node's HTTP, path, and fs modules to serve static HTML files. The document provides step-by-step instructions for setting up the server and testing it with Postman.

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nguyenldhe176088
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11 views27 pages

Session 04-Node and HTTP

The document outlines the essentials of networking and the implementation of a simple HTTP server using Node.js. It covers client-server communication, HTTP protocols, and the use of Node's HTTP, path, and fs modules to serve static HTML files. The document provides step-by-step instructions for setting up the server and testing it with Postman.

Uploaded by

nguyenldhe176088
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Node and HTTP

Objectives
◆ Understand the Networking Essentials
◆ Create and implement a simple HTTP server using the Node HTTP
core module
◆ Create and implement a web server to serve static HTML files from
a folder

03/06/2025 2
Networking Essentials
Client and Server
◆ Web applications are not stand-alone
◆ Many of them have a “Cloud” backend

03/06/2025 4
Client-Server Communication
◆ Network operations cause unexpected delays
◆ You need to write applications recognizing the asynchronous
nature of communication
 Data is not instantaneously available

03/06/2025 5
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
◆ A client-server ◆ HTTP Verbs – HEAD
communications protocol  GET
◆ Allows retrieving inter-  POST
linked text documents  PUT
(hypertext)  DELETE
 World Wide Web.  TRACE
 OPTIONS – CONNECT

03/06/2025 6
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

03/06/2025 7
HTTP Request Message

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HTTP Response Message

03/06/2025 9
HTTP Response Codes (Main ones)
◆ HTTP Response
 Server may send back data in a specific
format:
• eXtensible Markup Language (XML) –
Javascript Object Notation (JSON)

03/06/2025 10
Javascript Object Notation (JSON)
◆ http://www.json.org Example
{ "promotions": [
◆ Lightweight data interchange format {
"id": 0,
◆ Language independent * "name": "Weekend Grand Buffet",
"image": "images/buffet.png",
◆ Self-describing and easy to understand "label": "New",
"price": "19.99",
◆ Data structured as:
"description": "Featuring
 A collection of mouthwatering combinations . . . "
 name/value pairs: Ordered list of values }]

}
03/06/2025 11
Node HTTP module
Node HTTP module
◆ Core networking module supporting a high-performance foundation
for a HTTP stack
◆ Using the module:
const http = require('http');
◆ Creating a server:
const server = http.createServer(function(req, res){ . . . });
◆ Starting the server: server.listen(port, . . . );

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Node HTTP module
◆ Incoming request message information available through the first
parameter “req”
 req.headers, req.body,...
◆ Response message is constructed on the second parameter “res”
 res.setHeader(“Content-Type”,“text/html”);
 res.statusCode=200;
 res.write(‘HelloWorld!’);
 res.end(‘<html><body><h1>HelloWorld</h1></body></html>’);

03/06/2025 14
Node path Module
◆ Using path Module:
const path = require(‘path’);
◆ Some example path methods:
path.resolve(‘./public’+fileUrl);
path.extname(filePath);

03/06/2025 15
Node fs Module
◆ Use fs module in your application
const fs = require(‘fs’);
◆ Some example fs methods:
fs.exists(filePath, function(exists) { . . . } );
fs.createReadStream(filePath).pipe(res);

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Implement a simple HTTP
Server
A Simple HTTP Server
◆ Create a folder named node-http in the NodeJS folder and move
into the folder.
◆ In the node-http folder, create a subfolder named public.
◆ At the prompt, type the following to initialize a package.json file in
the node-http folder:

npm init

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A Simple HTTP Server
◆ Accept the standard defaults suggested until you end up with a
package.json file containing the following:

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A Simple HTTP Server
◆ Create a file named index.js and add the following code to it:

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A Simple HTTP Server
◆ Start the server by typing the
following at the prompt:
npm start

◆ Then you can type


http://localhost:3000 in your
browser address bar and see
the result.

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Using Postman to test HTTP Server

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Implement a server that returns
html files from a folder
Serving HTML Files
◆ In the public folder, create a
file named index.html and
add the following code to it:

◆ Similarly create an
aboutus.html file and add
the following code to it:

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Serving HTML Files

◆ Then update index.js as


follows:

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Start the HTTP Server

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Summary
◆ Understand the Networking Essentials
◆ Step by step to implement a simple HTTP Server
◆ Step by step to implement a server that returns html files from a
folder

03/06/2025 27

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