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Cryptography

Cryptography is essential for cybersecurity, safeguarding data from unauthorized access and has evolved from simple ciphers to complex algorithms. It includes key components like encryption, decryption, and various types such as symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography, each with its advantages and disadvantages. Its applications span secure communication, data storage, digital signatures, and financial transactions, making it crucial for maintaining confidentiality and integrity in the digital age.

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26 views7 pages

Cryptography

Cryptography is essential for cybersecurity, safeguarding data from unauthorized access and has evolved from simple ciphers to complex algorithms. It includes key components like encryption, decryption, and various types such as symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography, each with its advantages and disadvantages. Its applications span secure communication, data storage, digital signatures, and financial transactions, making it crucial for maintaining confidentiality and integrity in the digital age.

Uploaded by

richardrebosura6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CRYPTOGRAPHY

What is cryptography
• Cryptography is a fundamental aspect of cybersecurity, protecting
data from unauthorized access, modification, or disruption. It has
evolved significantly from simple substitution ciphers to complex
algorithms employed in modern digital systems.
Key components
- Encryption: The process of converting plain text (readable
information) into cipher text (unreadable information) using a specific
algorithm and a secret key.- Decryption: The reverse process of
converting cipher text back into plain text using the same algorithm and
the corresponding key.- Key: A secret value used in conjunction with an
algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data.- Cipher: An algorithm used for
encryption and decryption.
Cryptography has a rich history
dating back to ancient civilizations.
• Ancient Egypt (2000 BC): Early forms of cryptography were used for
protecting secrets and communicating securely.- Julius Caesar (44 BC):
The Caesar cipher, a simple substitution cipher, was used for military
communication.- World War I and II: Cryptography played a crucial
role in military operations, with codebreaking efforts being central to
intelligence gathering.- Modern Era: The advent of computers and
digital technology led to the development of sophisticated
cryptographic algorithms and systems.
Types of Cryptography
• 1. Symmetric Key Cryptography - Definition: Uses the same key for
both encryption and decryption.- Advantages: Fast and efficient for
encrypting large amounts of data.- Disadvantages: Requires secure
key distribution and management.- Examples: Data Encryption
Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
• 2. Asymmetric Key Cryptography (Public Key Cryptography) -
Definition: Uses two separate keys: a public key for encryption and a
private key for decryption.- Advantages: Secure key management, as
the private key never needs to be shared.- Disadvantages: Slower than
symmetric key cryptography.- Examples: RSA, Elliptic Curve
Cryptography (ECC)
Applications of Cryptography
Cryptography is widely used in
various applications, including:
Secure Communication: Protecting sensitive information transmitted over networks
(e.g., HTTPS, VPNs).
- Data Storage: Encrypting data at rest to prevent unauthorized access (e.g., disk
encryption).
- Digital Signatures: Verifying the authenticity and integrity of digital documents.
- Password Protection: Hashing passwords to prevent them from being stored in plain
text.
- E-commerce: Securely processing online transactions.
- Financial Transactions: Protecting financial data and transactions (e.g., ATMs, online
banking).
•
Conclusion
• Cryptography is a vital component of modern cybersecurity, ensuring
the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of information in a
digital world. Understanding the different types of cryptography, their
strengths and weaknesses, and their applications is essential for
safeguarding sensitive data and maintaining secure communication.
As technology continues to evolve, cryptography will play an
increasingly important role in protecting our digital

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