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Domain Name System DNS

The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to access resources easily. It operates on a hierarchical structure consisting of root servers, top-level domains, and authoritative servers, with a query process that involves caching responses. Security measures like DNSSEC are crucial to protect against vulnerabilities such as spoofing and cache poisoning.

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30 views7 pages

Domain Name System DNS

The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to access resources easily. It operates on a hierarchical structure consisting of root servers, top-level domains, and authoritative servers, with a query process that involves caching responses. Security measures like DNSSEC are crucial to protect against vulnerabilities such as spoofing and cache poisoning.

Uploaded by

whncjnjyqn
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Domain Name System

(DNS)
Welcome to this presentation on the Domain Name System. We will
cover its core concepts. We will also explore its architecture.
Finally, we will review security considerations.

by Rubina11
What is DNS?
DNS translates domain names to IP addresses. This allows users to access resources using names. Users can type in
names like google.com. DNS resolves the IP address behind the scenes.

Translation Accessibility Foundation

Converts human-readable names Enables easy access to online Forms the backbone of the modern
to machine-readable IP addresses. resources without remembering IP internet for resource location.
addresses.
DNS Hierarchy
DNS uses a hierarchical structure. It starts with root servers. Then it goes to top-level domains (TLDs). Finally, it ends with authoritative name
servers. Each level manages a portion of the namespace.

Root Servers
The foundation of the DNS hierarchy.

TLDs
Handles top-level domains like .com and .org.

Authoritative Servers
Stores the final DNS records for specific domains.
DNS Query Process
The process starts with a recursive query. The query goes from the resolver to root servers. Then the query proceeds to TLD and
authoritative servers. The resolver caches the response for future queries.

Recursive Query 1
Starts the DNS resolution process.

2 Root Server
Directs to the appropriate TLD server.

TLD Server 3
Points to the authoritative name server.

4 Authoritative Server
Provides the IP address.

Caching 5
Stores the response for future use.
DNS Record Types
Different record types store various data. A records map domain names to IPv4
addresses. AAAA records map to IPv6 addresses. MX records specify mail
servers. CNAME records create aliases.

A
Maps to IPv4 addresses.

AAAA
Maps to IPv6 addresses.

MX
Specifies mail servers.

CNAME
Creates aliases.
DNS Security
DNS is vulnerable to attacks. DNS spoofing and cache poisoning
are common threats. DNSSEC adds cryptographic signatures. This
validates responses and ensures integrity. Implement security to
protect data.

DNSSEC Spoofing Poisoning


Adds cryptographic Prevents malicious Ensures the
signatures for redirection by integrity of cached
validation. attackers. DNS data.
Key Takeaways
DNS is critical for internet functionality. It translates domain names. Understanding its hierarchy is crucial. Security
measures are essential to protect from attacks. Stay informed about DNS best practices.

1 Critical Function 2 Hierarchical Structure 3 Security Measures


DNS is essential for translating Understanding the DNS Implement DNSSEC to protect
domain names. hierarchy is vital. against attacks.

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