GOOD MORNING!

- Grade 8 -
recap
What did we discuss in our previous meeting?
ObjectIVE
S:
a. defi ne grammatical signals;
b. identify the diff erent patterns of ideas
development;
c. distinguish appropriate grammatical signals to
each pattern of idea development; and
d. point out the grammatical signals and pattern of
idea development used in a paragraph
let’s
warm
 what am
I?
• I will give clues for each items to be guessed.

• You have 10 seconds to think of an answer.

• Raise your hand if you want to answer.

 what am
EXAMPLE:

I?
• I disappear at night

• I give light to the earth.

• I’m hot even in a far distance.

• I can give you vitamin D for your skin.

ANSWER:
ANSWER:
SUN
 what am
• You can only see me after the rain.

I?
• I have a multicolored arc.

• I am in the stratosphere.

• I am believed to have a gold at the end of my line.

ANSWER:
ANSWER:
RAINBOW
 what am
• I am a man’s best friend.

I?
• I wag my tail every time I see you.

• I can protect my human in danger.

• I can run very fast.

ANSWER:
ANSWER:
DOG
POINTS TO
PONDER:
1. How were you able to guess the hidden items?
POINTS TO
PONDER:
1. How were you able to guess the hidden items?

2. What can you notice about the sets of clues?

POINTS TO
PONDER:
1. How were you able to guess the hidden items?

2. What can you notice about the sets of clues?

3. Do the clues share the same idea?

 IDEA
DEVELOPMENT
Idea development is essential in
writing. This is done by organizing
ideas in a logical and clear manner that
suits the writer’s purpose.
 GRAMMATICAL
are writingSIGNALS
devices such as transitional
devices, connectors, determiners, and
repetitions that are used to maintain text
coherence.
Coherence establishes a logical connection
between ideas in sentences and paragraphs.
 PATTERN OF IDEA
DEVELOPMENT
refers to the structure of writing on how the
ideas are being presented.

- general to particular - problem-solution

- cause and eff ect - persuasion
- claim-counterclaim
1. GENERAL TO
PARTICULAR
It starts with the general idea stated in the topic
sentence. Then, it is elaborated and explained
through specifi c details and examples.

GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS:
also, for example, as an example, in addition, in addition
to, for instance, examples of these, fi rst, second, third,
next, on one hand, and on the other hand.
2. CAUSE AND EFFECT
It explains the causes or the eff ects of something.

GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS:
Cause: if, for, since, due to, because, owing to, because
of, one cause, and resulting from

Eff ect: so, thus, hence, then, therefore, as a result, in

eff ect, as consequence, consequently, leads to, one of
the eff ects is, and that is why
3. CLAIM AND
COUNTERCLAIM
A claim is the writer’s stand on a topic supported
by evidences and logical reasoning. Also, the writer
presents the counterclaim or the opposite stand of
an issue to disprove it through evidences and
logical reasoning

GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS:
however, nevertheless, on one hand, on the other hand,
admittedly, some people say, some may say, of course,
nevertheless, and but not only that.
4. PROBLEM-SOLUTION
A problem refers to the unsatisfactory situation that
causes troubles or diffi culties. A solution on the
other hand, refers to the ways in solving or
minimizing the problem

GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS:
because, cause, since, as a result, in order to, and so
that, as a solution, and one way.
5. PERSUASION
It intends to convince the readers to do or
believe in something. It allows the writer to
express his or her personal viewpoints about a topic
to convince the readers.

GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS:
come, free, need, must, must not, necessary, latest,
hurry, join, help, best, better, great, proven, trusted,
create, come along, urgent, amazing experience, avail
now, I believe, I urge, don't miss, can do it, and one of a
kind.
 LET’S PRACTICE!
Read the paragraphs presented and identify the pattern of
idea development used.
"One signifi cant issue in modern education is the
decreasing engagement of students in the classroom.
Many students struggle to stay focused and interested in
the material, often due to outdated teaching methods or
lack of interactivity. To address this, educators can
incorporate more hands-on learning experiences, use
technology to create interactive lessons, and encourage
student-led discussions, which have been shown to
increase participation and retention of information."

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION

"Chronic stress can have a negative impact on both mental
and physical health. When a person experiences prolonged
stress, the body produces increased levels of cortisol, a
hormone that can aff ect heart health and immune
function. For instance, long-term stress has been linked to
high blood pressure, increased risk of heart disease, and
weakened immune response, which makes individuals
more susceptible to illnesses."

CAUSE AND EFFECT

"Recycling is one of the easiest and most eff ective ways to
protect our planet. By recycling materials like plastic, paper,
and glass, we reduce the amount of waste that ends up in
landfills, which helps decrease pollution and conserves
natural resources. Imagine a world where fewer trees are cut
down for paper, and less plastic is dumped into our oceans.
Recycling is not just a simple task; it is a responsibility we all
share to ensure a healthier environment for future
generations. We must act now before the damage becomes
irreversible."

PERSUASION
"Many educators argue that the integration of technology in
the classroom enhances learning by making lessons more
interactive and accessible. Students can use educational
apps, access resources online, and collaborate with peers
across the globe. However, some critics claim that technology
can be distracting and that students spend too much time on
screens, which can hinder social interaction. While these
concerns are valid, the key is balance—technology should be
used purposefully to complement traditional learning methods
rather than replace them."

CLAIM-COUNTERCLAIM
"Reading books is essential for personal growth and
learning. It expands our knowledge, improves cognitive
abilities, and enhances vocabulary. For example, research
shows that individuals who read regularly have a better
understanding of various subjects, from history to science.
In addition, reading fi ction can improve empathy and
emotional intelligence by allowing readers to step into the
shoes of diverse characters and understand their
perspectives."

GENERAL TO
ACTIVIT
ACTIVIT
Instructions: You will be divided into 5
groups. Each group will identify the pattern of
idea development of paragraph assigned to
them, and will underline the statements that
will support their answer and the grammatical
signals used. Then 2 representatives of each
group will read the group’s answer in the
class.
 RUBRICS
Criteria Excellent(5) Average(3) Poor(1)

Clearly identifies the pattern of Identifies the pattern of idea Fails to clearly identify the pattern of
Identification of idea development presented development presented in the idea development presented in the
Pattern of Idea in the paragraph and provides paragraph but provides limited paragraph or provides insufficient
Development insightful analysis of its analysis of its nature, evidence, analysis of its nature, evidence, and
nature, evidence, and clues. and clues. clues.

Provides a detailed Provides an incomplete or superficial

Provides a basic examination and
examination and identification examination and identification of the
Grammatical Signals identification of the grammatical
of the grammatical signals grammatical signals used in the
signals used in the paragraph.
used in the paragraph. paragraph.

Proposes a well-thought-out
Proposes a basic explanation of Proposes an incomplete or
explanation of how patterns of
how patterns of idea superficial explanation of how
Explanation idea development and
development and grammatical patterns of idea development and
grammatical signals are
signals are identified. grammatical signals are identified.
identified.
PRACTICE EXERCISE:

Directions: Read the questions below carefully and

write your answers in your portfolio notebook.

1. Which concept below refers to the organizing of

ideas in a logical and clear manner to suit the writer’s
purpose?
A. Coherence
B. Grammatical signals
C. Idea development
D. Pattern of idea development
2. It is an idea that usually expresses the main point
or main idea of a piece of writing. It usually presents
the topic of a paragraph.

A. General Idea
B. General Information
C. Particular Information
D. Specifi c Information
3. It is a pattern of development that begins with a
general idea or statement and it is followed by specifi c
details to support and explain.

A. General Idea
B. General Information
C. General to Specifi c
D. Specifi c Information
4. It is a statement that presents an arguable position
that refl ects one’s interpretation, belief or opinion.

A. Claim
B. Counterclaim
C. Evidence
D. Idea
5. It is a pattern of development that refers to the
structure of an argument where there is more than one
side to debate.

A. Cause and eff ect

B. Claim and counterclaim
C. General to specifi c
D. Problem-Solution
6. It is a pattern of development that describes or
discusses an event/action that is caused by another
action.

A. Cause and eff ect

B. Claim and counterclaim
C. General to specifi c
D. Problem-Solution
7. It is a pattern of development that presents a
signifi cant problem and explains it in detail then a
possible solution is suggested.

A. Cause and eff ect

B. Claim and Counterclaim
C. General to Particular
D. Problem-Solution
8. Which among the grammatical signals below is
appropriate for the problem-solution pattern of idea
development?

A. one way
B. as a result
C. specifi cally
D. with these reasons
9. Germs can be classifi ed into several types.
Suitable Pattern:
______________________________________

10. Global warming is the biggest enemy that the

humankind is facing today, but there are many ways
to combat this problem.
Suitable Pattern:
______________________________________