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Probability of Simple Events

The document discusses the concept of probability, focusing on simple events and their classifications as impossible, possible, or certain. It explains key terms such as experiment, outcome, sample space, and event, providing examples to illustrate how to calculate probabilities. Additionally, it includes exercises for calculating probabilities based on different scenarios involving marbles, balls, and cards.

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Lester Mark Manzo
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13 views17 pages

Probability of Simple Events

The document discusses the concept of probability, focusing on simple events and their classifications as impossible, possible, or certain. It explains key terms such as experiment, outcome, sample space, and event, providing examples to illustrate how to calculate probabilities. Additionally, it includes exercises for calculating probabilities based on different scenarios involving marbles, balls, and cards.

Uploaded by

Lester Mark Manzo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Probability of

Simple Events
“TELL ME!”
Tell if the given scenario is IMPOSSIBLE,
POSSIBLE, or CERTAIN to happen.
 Snow in manila
 Carabao eats grass
 Passing or failing the exam
 A pig can fly
 It will rain on Christmas day
 The sun will rise tomorrow morning
 Man walks on water
Probability is a branch of mathematics that is
concerned with analyzing the chance that a
particular event will occur.
Experiment. It is a repeatable procedure with a
set of possible results.
Tossing a coin is an example of an experiment.
Outcome is the result in a probability
experiment.
Sample Space is the set of all possible
outcomes for a given experiment.
Event. It is a subset or part of a sample space
and it has one or more outcome. But since our
topic for today is simple event, we only have
single outcome.
Example 1: Find the sample space
To decide on which day Alvin will visit his
grandmother, he writes 7 days of the week on
equal pieces of paper and picks one at random.
Write the sample space and the total number of
possible outcomes.
Let S represent the sample space and n(s)
be the number of sample space.
S = (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,
Saturday, and Sunday) and the number of sample space is
7.
Example 2:
Jessica spins the wheel shown assuming that
the arrow will never fall on the lines.

S = (Pink, Yellow, Orange,


Red, Purple, Blue, Light
Blue, Green)
N(s) = 8
Example 3
A coin is tossed. What is the probability that the
coin is tails?
In finding the probability of a simple event, you need
to get first all the possible outcomes. On our given
example, there are only two outcomes:
 Heads (H) or
 Tails (T)
Therefore, we can say that the probability of the coin
is tails is ½ or 50% and the probability that the coin is
heads is also ½ or 50%.
The Probability of an event, P(event), is a
number from 0 to 1, which tells how likely an
event is to happen. The more likely an event is
to occur, the higher its probability. The less
likely an event is to occur, the lower its
probability.
Remember:
• The probability of any event is a number
(either a fraction, a decimal or a percent)
from 0 to 1.
• The sum of the probabilities of all outcomes
in the sample space is 1.
• If an event will never happen, then the
probability is 0.
• If an event is sure to happen, then the
probability is 1.
In general, this is the formula or way on
how to get the probability of an event:
Example 4:
A fair die is rolled. Write the sample space and
find the probability of getting:
a) A “4”
b) A “7”
c) An odd number
Direction: Answer the following below.
Express your answer in lowest term or in
percentage.
1. A bag contains 7 white marbles, 8 black
marbles, and 7 red marbles. If a marble is
chosen at random from the bag, what is the
probability that it is white?
2. A box contains 7 white balls, 3 black balls,
and 8 red balls. What is the probability that
a ball drawn at random is black?
3. A class contains 6 boys and 21 girls. If a
pupil is selected at random, what is the
probability they are a girl?
4. What is the probability of rolling an even
number greater than 1 on a fair die?
5. A card is selected at random from a pack of
16 cards which are numbered 1 to 16. What
is the probability of the selected card
having an even number?
You have an equally likely chance of
choosing any integer from 1 to 20. Find the
probability of the given event if –
1.An even number is chosen
2.A perfect square is chosen
3.A prime number is chosen
4.A number divisible by 5 is chosen
5.An odd number is chose
Find the probability of the following events.
1. If a letter is chosen at random from the
word PROBABILITY, find the probability
that letter chosen is:
a. a vowel
b. a consonant
2. A frontliner will be chosen from a
certain group. There are 9 nurses and
8 doctors in that group. What is the
probability that the chosen frontliner is
a doctor?
3. A card is drawn from a standard deck of
cards. What is the probability that the card
drawn is a queen?
“Fruit Panda”
There are 4 rambutan, 5 lanzones, 1
pineapple, and 2 mangoes in a basket.
Suppose you select one fruit at random. Find
each probability.
1. P(mangoes)
2. P(rambutan)
3. P(rambutan or mango)
4. P(not pineapple)
5. P(not banana)

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