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Lec6 IC DataHW2

The document is a lecture on data hardware covering various components of computer systems, including RAM, ROM, motherboards, and sound systems. It discusses the functionality and types of printers, including impact and nonimpact printers, as well as data projectors and their applications. Additionally, it provides guidelines for effective presentations and evaluates printer criteria such as image quality and cost of operation.

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15 views28 pages

Lec6 IC DataHW2

The document is a lecture on data hardware covering various components of computer systems, including RAM, ROM, motherboards, and sound systems. It discusses the functionality and types of printers, including impact and nonimpact printers, as well as data projectors and their applications. Additionally, it provides guidelines for effective presentations and evaluates printer criteria such as image quality and cost of operation.

Uploaded by

dhassan598
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Computing
DR. Nadia Mustqim Ansari
LECTURE 6: DATA HARDWARE
Class Test 1

1. Define any four:


a) RAM
b) Difference between Memory and Storage
c) Computer
d) Motherboard
e) System Software
f) ROM
g) Computer for Organizations
h) Ergonomics
2. How many groups of keys are there in a standard
keyboard layout? Name them and explain the
purpose of each group.
Class Test 1 (cont.)

3. Question

a) What are the benefits of using a mouse?

b) Write any four keyboard shortcuts.

4. Define components of a computer system.

5. Question

a) What is the difference between application and


system software?

b) Write three differences between storage and


memory.
Points to consider while
making a presentation
 Keep things simple.

 Focus on your audience’s requirement.

 Theme should be bright.

 No lengthy paragraphs.

 Text should be aligned and justified.

 Pictures/Graphics should be clear (High Quality).

 Choose the correct slide size


(Standard/Widescreen)
Recap
 What is a Monitor?

 Categories of monitors based on their display


color?

 How many types of monitors

 CRT

 Flat-Panel Display

 Quality of image depends on?

 Disadvantages of CRT monitors

 Important specifications of a monitor?

 Video cards
Data Projectors

 A data projector is a projection device that takes a


signal output by a computer and projects an image
onto a projector screen via a lens system.

 Applications include:
 Home theater

 Conference room presentation

 Classrooms

 Also called digital light projectors and video projectors.

 Plugs into one of the computer’s ports and then


projects the video output onto an external surface.
Data Projectors (cont.)

 Most projectors use LCD technology to create


images.
 Newer models use digital light processing (DLP)
technology to project brighter, clearer images.
Sound Systems

 Microphones are now important input devices, and


speakers and their associated technologies are key
output systems.

 A complete sound system includes:


 Microphone

 Sound card

 Speakers

 CD-ROM or DVD Drive

 Sound systems are especially useful to people who use


their computer to create or use multimedia products,
watch videos or listen to music, or participate in online
activities such as videoconferences or distance learning.
Sound Card

 A computer’s sound card is a circuit board that


converts sound from analog to digital form, and vice
versa, for recording or playback.
 Has both, input and output functions.

 The sound card accepts sound input (from a


microphone or other device) in the form of analog
sound waves.
 The sound card measures those signals and converts
them into a digital format, which the computer can use.

 To play back audio, the sound card reverses the


process.
Sound Card (cont.)
Headphones & Headsets

 Headphones include a pair of speakers, which are


attached to an adjustable strap that can be
custom-fitted to the wearer’s head.

 They have:
 High-quality speakers

 Lightweight

 Comfortable to wear

 Nearly any set of standard headphones can be


plugged into the output jack of a computer’s sound
card, as long as they have a “mini" stereo plug.
Printer

 Besides the monitor, the other important output


device is the printer.

 A printer is a peripheral machine which makes a


persistent representation of graphics or text,
usually on paper.

 Printers fall into two categories:

1. Impact Printers

2. Nonimpact Printers
Impact Printers
 An impact printer creates an image by using pins or
hammers to press an inked ribbon against the paper.

 A simple example of an impact printer is a typewriter,


which uses small hammers to strike the ribbon.

 Each hammer is embossed with the shape of a letter;


number; or symbol; that shape is transferred through the
inked ribbon onto the paper, creating a printed character.

 As a printer, however, even a good typewriter is slow and


limited in the kinds of documents it can produce.

 Types include:

 Dot Matrix Printers

 Line Printers

 Band Printers
Impact Printers (cont.)
Impact Printers (cont.)

 Dot Matrix Printers


 Creates an image by using a mechanism called a
print head, which contains a cluster (or matrix) of
short pins arranged in one or more columns.
 On receiving instructions from the PC, the printer
can push any of the pins out in any combination. By
pushing out pins in various combinations, the print
head can create alphanumeric characters.
 When pushed out from the duster, the protruding
pins’ ends strike a ribbon, which is held in place
between the print head and the paper. When the
pins strike the ribbon, they press ink from the ribbon
onto the paper.
 The more pins that a print head contains, the higher
the printer’s resolution.
 The speed of dot matrix printers is measured in
characters per second (cps).
Impact Printers (cont.)
Nonimpact Printers

 Nonimpact printers use other means to create an


image.

 The most common types include:


 Inkjet Printers

 Laser Printers

 Ink jet printers, for example, use tiny nozzles to


spray droplets of ink onto the page.

 Laser printers work like photocopiers, using heat


to bond microscopic particles of dry toner to
specific parts of the page.
Nonimpact Printers (cont.)

 Inkjet Printers
 Ink jet printers create an image directly on the paper by
spraying ink through tiny nozzles.

 They use Ink Cartridges.

 Their speed is measured in Pages Per Minute (PPM).

 An average inkjet printer can print 5 – 7 PPM.

 Color ink jet printers have four ink nozzles: cyan (blue),
magenta (red), yellow, and black.

 This color scheme is referred as CMYK.

 These four colors arc used in almost all color printing


because it is possible to combine them to create any color.
Nonimpact Printers (cont.)
Nonimpact Printers (cont.)
 Laser Printers
 Laser printers are more expensive than ink jet printers,
their print quality is higher, and are faster than inkjet.

 As their name implies, a laser is at the heart of these


printers. A CPU and memory are built into the printer to
interpret the data that it receives from the computer and
to control the laser.

 Just as the electron gun in a monitor can target any pixel,


the laser in a laser printer can aim at any point on a
drum, creating an electrical charge. Toner, which is
composed of tiny particles of ink, sticks to the drum in
the places the laser has charged.

 Then, with pressure and heat, the toner is transferred off the
drum onto the paper.
Nonimpact Printers (cont.)
All in One Peripherals

 Several printer makers now use ink jet or laser


printers as the basis for all-in-one peripherals.

 These devices combine printing capabilities with


scanning, photocopying, and faxing capabilities.

 Small, lightweight, and easy to use, all-in-one


devices are popular in home, offices, and small
businesses, among users who cannot afford to
buy several professional-quality devices for these
tasks.
All in One Peripherals
(cont.)
Evaluating Printers

 When evaluating printers, four additional criteria


are important:

1. Image Quality
 Image quality, also known as print resolution, is usually
measured in Dots Per Inch (DPI).

 The more dots per inch a printer can produce, the higher
its image quality.

2. Speed
 Printer speed is measured in the number of pages per
minute the device can print.

 Most printers have different PPM ratings for text and


Evaluating Printers (cont.)

3. Initial Cost
 Cost of the printer.

4. Cost of Operation
 The cost of ink or toner and maintenance varies with
the type of printer.

 Many different types of printer paper are available,


and the choice of paper can affect the cost of
operation.

 Low-quality recycled paper

 High-quality paper
Printer Maintenance

 Positioning the printer

 Cleaning the printer

 Dealing with paper jams

 Maintaining drivers
Class Activity 4 & 5
1) Define:
a) Sound Card
b) CRT Monitors
c) Flat Panel Monitors
d) Resolution
e) Printer
f) Data Projector
g) All in one peripheral/printer
2) What is a video card?
3) How to avoid eye strain?
4) What are the disadvantages of CRT monitors?
5) List the advantages of laser printers over inkjet
printers.
6) Which things need to be considered when buying a
printer?
7) Explain the working of impact and nonimpact
printers. Also, write a few examples of both.
Homework

1. What is the importance of printing in our daily


life?
2. What is the importance of monitors in our daily
life?

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