Architectural

Designing and
AutoCad(CA4813)
INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. AHSAN SARWAR
MODIFYING COMMANDS Part 1 CHAPTER 3

You will learn in this chapter

 How to erase objects

 How to move and copy objects
 How to rotate and scale objects
 How to mirror and stretch
 How to lengthen and join objects
 ERASE command

Type ERASE in the command line and

press Enter.

Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to erase by
clicking on them. You can also drag to create a
selection window.
Confirm Deletion:
Press Enter or Spacebar after selecting the
objects to erase them.
 MOVE COMMAND
Type MOVE in the command line and press Enter.

Select Objects:

Select the objects you want to move by clicking on them.

After selection, press Enter.
Specify Base Point:

Choose a base point (the reference point) by clicking

anywhere in the drawing.
Specify Second Point:

After selecting the base point, click on the location where

you want to move the objects or type the displacement
values (for example, type @10,0 to move 10 units to
the right).
Nudge Functionality

This function is very simple and will enable you to

make an orthogonal move for selected objects. All you
have to do is to select objects, hold the [Ctrl] key at the
keyboard, and then use the four arrows at the
keyboard; you will see objects move toward the desired
direction.
 COPY COMMAND

Type COPY in the command line and press Enter.

Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to copy by clicking on them. After
selecting, press Enter.
Specify Base Point:
Click on a point in the drawing to define the base point (the
reference point for copying).
Specify Second Point (Destination):
Click where you want to place the copied object or enter a
displacement value (e.g., @10,0 to copy 10 units to the
right).
Multiple Copies (Optional):
If you want to create multiple copies, keep clicking new points
or typing new coordinates after the first copy is placed.
Finish Command:
Press Enter or Escape to finish the command.
JOINING OBJECTS
Type JOIN in the command line and press Enter.
Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to join by clicking on them. You can
select lines, polylines, arcs, splines, or other supported objects.
After selecting, press Enter.
Join Conditions:
AutoCAD will join the selected objects if:
The objects are of the same type (e.g., line to line or polyline to
polyline).
The endpoints of the objects are touching or within a small gap that
AutoCAD can automatically close.
Result:
If the objects meet the conditions, they will merge into a single
object.
Other Notes:
PEDIT (Polyline Edit) can also be used to join objects, especially
polylines. If you need to join multiple line segments into a polyline,
use the PEDIT command and choose the Join option.
 ROTATE COMMAND

Type ROTATE in the command line and press Enter.

Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to rotate by clicking on
them, then press Enter.
Specify Base Point:
Click to define a base point, which will act as the pivot
point for the rotation.
Specify Rotation Angle:
Type in the angle by which you want to rotate the object
(e.g., 90 for 90 degrees), or click in the drawing area
to visually rotate the object.

Additional Option (Copy):

If you want to create a rotated copy of the object instead of
rotating the original, type C (for Copy) before specifying the
rotation angle.
SCALE COMMAND

Type SCALE in the command line and press Enter.

Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to scale by clicking on them,
then press Enter.
Specify Base Point:
Choose a base point, which will act as the anchor point for
the scaling (the object will scale outward from this point).
Specify Scale Factor:
Type a scale factor:
Greater than 1 to enlarge the object (e.g., 2 will double
the size).
Less than 1 to reduce the size (e.g., 0.5 will shrink the
object to half its size).
Apply Scaling:
After entering the scale factor, the object will resize
accordingly.
 MIRROR COMMAND

Type the Command:

Type MIRROR in the command line and press Enter.
Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to mirror by clicking on
them. Once done, press Enter.
Specify the First Point of the Mirror Line:
Click to define the first point of the mirror line (the axis
along which the object will be mirrored).
Specify the Second Point of the Mirror Line:
Click to define the second point of the mirror line. This
creates the direction and angle of the mirror axis.
Delete the Original Object?
AutoCAD will ask, "Erase source objects? (Yes/No)".
Type N (No) to keep the original object and
create a mirrored copy.
Type Y (Yes) to delete the original object and
only keep the mirrored copy.
 STRETCH COMMAND

Type STRETCH in the command line and press Enter.

Select Objects:
Select the objects you want to stretch using a crossing
window or crossing polygon. To do this:
Click and drag from right to left to create a green crossing
window that selects parts of objects.
Only the vertices and parts within the crossing window will
be stretched.
Press Enter:
After selecting the objects, press Enter.
Specify Base Point:
Select a base point by clicking anywhere in the drawing. This
point is the reference from which the stretch will occur.
Specify Second Point (Distance/Direction):
After selecting the base point, specify the second point where
you want to stretch the object or type the displacement distance
(for example, @10,0 to stretch 10 units to the right).
 LENGTHENING OBJECTS
Type LENGTHEN in the command line and press Enter.
Choose a Lengthening Option: AutoCAD gives you different options for
lengthening:
Delta: Specifies how much you want to add or subtract from the current length.
Percent: Specifies a percentage increase or decrease of the current length.
Total: Specifies the total final length you want the object to be.
Dynamic: Lets you drag the endpoint to visually lengthen or shorten the
object.
Select Option:
Type the desired option (D for Delta, P for Percent, T for Total, or just press
Enter for Dynamic).
Select Object:
Select the object you want to lengthen by clicking on it.
Specify Length:
Depending on the option you chose:
For Delta, type the amount to lengthen (e.g., 5 to add 5 units).
For Percent, type the percentage (e.g., 150 for 150% of the original
length).
For Total, type the total desired length (e.g., 10 to make the object
exactly 10 units long)
 CHAPTER 4
MODIFYING COMMANDS Part 2

You will learn in this chapter

 How to offset objects

 How to fillet and chamfer objects
 How to trim and extend objects
 How to array objects using three different methods
 How to break objects
 OFFSETTING OBJECTS

Type OFFSET in the command line and press Enter.

Specify the Offset Distance:
AutoCAD will prompt you to enter the distance at which the new
object will be created. Type a number (e.g., 5 for 5 units) and press
Enter.
Select the Object to Offset:
Click on the object that you want to offset. You can select lines,
polylines, circles, arcs, or other compatible objects.
OFFSETTING OBJECTS

Offsetting Using the Through Option

OFFSETTING OBJECTS
Using the Multiple Option
 FILLET command

Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.0000

Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]

Undo: Cancels the last fillet action.

Polyline (P): Allows you to fillet all corners of a polyline at once.
Radius (R): Lets you specify the radius of the fillet. The default is
0 (sharp corner)
 CHAMFERING OBJECTS

Distance: Allows you to specify the first and second

distances for the chamfer.
Angle: Lets you define an angle between the two
objects for the chamfered edge.
Trim/No Trim: This option allows you to choose
whether the original objects are trimmed to meet the
chamfer or left as they are.
Method: Choose whether you are using Distance or
Angle for defining the chamfer.
Multiple: This lets you apply chamfers to several object
pairs in succession without restarting the command.
CHAMFERING OBJECTS
EXTENDING OBJECTS
ARRAYING OBJECTS

The ARRAY command in AutoCAD is a powerful

tool that allows you to create multiple copies of
objects in various arrangements.

Types of Arrays in AutoCAD

Rectangular Array
Polar Array
Path Array
 Rectangular Array
Type ARRAYPATH in the command line and press Enter
Select the objects you want to array and press Enter

Editing a Rectangular Array Using the Context Tab

Architectural Design
Furniture Layouts: Quickly
duplicate furniture items (like
chairs, tables, and cabinets) in a
room layout to visualize the
arrangement.
Building Components: Create
repetitive elements like windows,
doors, or columns along walls for
accurate design representation
 PATH ARRAY

Type ARRAYPATH in the command line and press Enter.

Select objects:
Select path:

Applications:
Streetlights Along Roads or Highways
Fencing or Guardrails

Outdoor Lighting in Gardens

Decorative Elements on Curved

Facades
PATH ARRAY
 POLAR ARRAY
Command: ARRAYPOLAR

Select objects:
Select path

Applications:
Architectural Design
Circular Staircases: Create
repetitive steps or rails for
circular or spiral staircases.
Columns in Circular
Arrangements: Distribute
structural columns or
decorative elements evenly
around a circular base, such as
in a dome or pavilion
BREAK COMMAND

Command: BREAK

This command will help you break any object into

two objects by removing the portion between two
specified points