Academic Language

used from Various

Discipline
May Ann Joyce L. Nagayo
 TEXT
STRUCTURE
 TEXT DEFINITION GRAPHIC TRANSITIONS/ QUESTIONS
STRUCTURE ORGANIZER SIGNAL WORDS
Narrative Narrates an Descriptive Who is the
event/story language narrative
with (adjective, about?
characters, adverbs, Where is it set?
What is the
setting , similes, and conflict?
conflict, point metaphors) Who is telling
of view and the narrative?
plot What is
happening?
 TEXT DEFINITION GRAPHIC TRANSITIONS/ QUESTIONS
STRUCTURE ORGANIZER SIGNAL WORDS

Chronological Present ideas -First,second,third…

-later
-What items,
events, or steps are
, process, or or events in -Next listed?
sequence the order in -Before -Do they have to/
-Then always happen in
which they -Finally this order?
happen -After -What sequence of
-When events is being
-Since described?
-Now/previously -What are the
-Actual use of dates major incidents
that occur?
-How is this
structure revealed
in the text?
 TEXT DEFINITION GRAPHIC TRANSITIONS/ QUESTIONS
STRUCTURE ORGANIZER SIGNAL WORDS
Cause and Provide -If/then
-reason why
-What happened?
-Why did it
Effect explanations CAUSE
#1
-as a result happen?
-therefore
or reasons for CAUSE -because -What caused it to
happen?
phenomena #2
EFFECT -consequently
-since
CAUSE -so that
#3 -for
-due to
 TEXT DEFINITION GRAPHIC TRANSITIONS/ QUESTIONS
STRUCTURE ORGANIZER SIGNAL WORDS
Problem/ Identify -problem is
-dilemma is
-What is the
problem?
Solution problems and -if/then -Why is this a
-because
pose -so that problem?
-Is anything being
solutions PROBLEM SOLUTION
-question/answer
-puzzle is solved done to try to solve
the problem
-What can be done
to solve the
problem
 TEXT DEFINITION GRAPHIC TRANSITIONS/ QUESTIONS
STRUCTURE ORGANIZER SIGNAL WORDS
Compare and Discuss two --However/yet
-nevertheless
-What items are
being compared?
Contrast ideas, events -on the other hand -In what ways are
-but/whereas
or -similarly they similar?
phenomena -although Different?
-also/likewise -What conclusion
showing how -in
does the author
Difference Similarities Difference
contrast/comparison
they are -different reach about
different and -either/or
-in the same way/ just
these items?
how they are as -What
conclusion?
similar
 TEXT DEFINITION GRAPHIC TRANSITIONS/ QUESTIONS
STRUCTURE ORGANIZER SIGNAL WORDS
Definition or Describes a -for example
-Characteristics
-What are the most
important
description topic by -for instance characteristics?
-such as
listing -including -How is it being
described? (what
characteristic -to illustrate
does it look like,
s, features, how does it work,
attributes, etc.)?
-What is important
and examples to remember about
it?
Thank
you!