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Lesson 17 Separable Differential Equations

The document provides a detailed explanation of separable differential equations, outlining the steps to solve them, including separating variables, integrating both sides, substituting values, and solving for constants. Several examples illustrate the process of finding general and particular solutions for different differential equations. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying the method of separable differential equations.

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8 views34 pages

Lesson 17 Separable Differential Equations

The document provides a detailed explanation of separable differential equations, outlining the steps to solve them, including separating variables, integrating both sides, substituting values, and solving for constants. Several examples illustrate the process of finding general and particular solutions for different differential equations. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and applying the method of separable differential equations.

Uploaded by

achillespepito5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NTEGRATI

SEPARABLE
ON
DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS
Separable Differential
Equations
A separable differential
equation is an equation which
can be written in the form
Steps in Separable Differential
Equation
1. Separate the variables by moving
the including the to the left side
of the equation and the including
the to the right side. Use cross
multiplication and the properties
of equality.
Steps in Separable Differential
Equation
2. Integrate both sides of the
equation. Integrate the
left side with respect to
and the side with respect
to .
Steps in Separable Differential
Equation
3. Substitute the given values in
the equation to determine the
value of , the constant of
integration.
4. Solve for .
• After integrating both sides of the
equation in the second step, a solution
called is obtained. The equation in this
step still contains .

• After substituting the given values of


and in the 3rd step, the numerical value
of is determined. The given values are
called or
• In the 4th step, is replaced by its
numerical value to obtain a solution
called .

Example
1Find the general solution of the
differential equation
Solution
𝑑𝑦 3 𝑥 + 4
=
𝑑𝑥 1
𝑑 𝑦 =( 3 𝑥+ 4 ) 𝑑𝑥 𝟑𝒙
𝟐
𝒚= +𝟒 𝒙 + 𝑪
𝟐

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= ( 3 𝑥+4 ) 𝑑𝑥
Example
2Find the general solution of the
differential equation

Solution 2
𝑑𝑦 5 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +1
=
𝑑𝑥 1
Solution
2
𝑑𝑦 5 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 +1
=
𝑑𝑥 1
𝑑 𝑦 =(5 𝑥 ¿¿ 2 − 4 𝑥 +1) 𝑑𝑥¿

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= (5𝑥 ¿ ¿2−4𝑥+1)𝑑𝑥¿
Solution

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= (5𝑥
5𝑥
3
¿ ¿2−4𝑥+1)𝑑𝑥¿
4𝑥
2
𝑦= − + 𝑥 +𝐶
3 2
𝟑
𝟓𝒙 𝟐
𝒚= −𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒙 + 𝑪
𝟑
Example
3Find the general solution of the
differential equation

Solution
𝑑𝑦
=5 √ 𝑥 +2
𝑑𝑥
Solution
𝑑𝑦
=
5 √ 𝑥 +2
𝑑𝑥 1
𝑑 𝑦 =( 5 √ 𝑥 +2) 𝑑𝑥

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= (5 √ 𝑥+2)𝑑𝑥
Solution

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= (5 √ 𝑥+2)𝑑𝑥
∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦=5 √ 𝑥+2𝑑𝑥
1
𝑦 =5 ∫ (𝑥+2) 𝑑𝑥
2
Solution
1
𝑦 =5 ∫ (𝑥+2) 𝑑𝑥
2

𝑦 =5 ¿ ¿
10
𝑦= ¿
3
Solution
10
𝑦= ¿
3

(𝟏𝟎 𝒙 +𝟐𝟎) √ 𝒙 +𝟐
𝒚= +𝑪
𝟑
Example
4Find the general solution of the
differential equation

Solution
𝑑𝑦
=4 𝑥 +cos ⁡( 3 𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥
Solution
𝑑𝑦
=4 𝑥 +cos ⁡( 3 𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑦 =( 4 𝑥 +cos ( 3 𝑥 ) ) 𝑑𝑥

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= ( 4 𝑥+cos ( 3 𝑥 ) ) 𝑑𝑥
Solution

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= ( 4
4𝑥
𝑥+cos
2
1
( 3 𝑥 ) ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑦= + sin ( 3 𝑥 ) +𝐶
2 3
𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( 𝟑 𝒙 )
¿𝟐 𝒙 + +𝑪
𝟑
Example
5Find the general solution of the
differential equation

Solution
𝑑𝑦 2
=( 𝑥 +5 )
𝑑𝑥
Solution
𝑑𝑦 2
=( 𝑥 +5 )
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑑 𝑦 =( 𝑥 +5 ) 𝑑𝑥

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= (𝑥+5) 𝑑𝑥
2
Solution

∫ ∫
𝑑𝑦= (𝑥+5) 𝑑𝑥
𝟑
2

( 𝒙 +𝟓)
𝒚= +𝑪
𝟑
Example
6Find the general solution of the
differential equation

Solution
𝑑𝑦
=5 𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑥
Solution
𝑑𝑦
=5 𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑦 =5 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
=5 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦
1
∫ 𝑦
𝑑 𝑦 =∫ 5 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Solution
1
∫ 𝑦
𝑑 𝑦 =∫ 5 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
5𝑥
𝑙𝑛| 𝑦|= +𝐶
2
𝟐
𝟓 𝒙
𝟐
𝒚 =𝒆 +𝑪
Example
7 Find the particular solution of
given that

Solution
𝑑𝑦 2
=3 𝑥 +2 𝑥+ 1
𝑑𝑥
Solution
𝑑𝑦 2
=3 𝑥 +2 𝑥+ 1
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑑 𝑦 =( 3 𝑥 +2 𝑥+1) 𝑑𝑥

∫ ∫
𝑑 𝑦= (3 𝑥
2
+2𝑥+1)𝑑𝑥
Solution

∫ ∫
𝑑 𝑦=
3𝑥
(3
3
𝑥
2𝑥
2
+2𝑥+1)𝑑𝑥
2
𝑦= + + 𝑥 +𝐶
3 2
3 2
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 +𝐶
Solution
3 2
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 +𝐶
means when
3 2
5=( 0) +(0) +0 +𝐶
5=𝐶
𝟑 𝟐
𝒚 =𝒙 + 𝒙 + 𝒙 + 𝟓
Example
8 Find the particular solution of
given that

Solution
𝑑𝑦 2
=4 𝑥 − 12 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Solution
𝑑𝑦 2
=4 𝑥 − 12 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑑 𝑦 =( 4 𝑥 − 12 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

∫ ∫
𝑑 𝑦= (4 𝑥 −12
2
𝑥)𝑑𝑥
Solution

∫ ∫
𝑑 𝑦=
4𝑥
(4
3
𝑥
2
−12
12 𝑥
𝑥)𝑑𝑥
2
𝑦= − +𝐶
3 2
3
4𝑥 2
𝑦= − 6 𝑥 +𝐶
3
Solution 3
4𝑥 2
𝑦= − 6 𝑥 +𝐶
3
Substitute 3 for x and 5 for y:
3
4 (3) 2
5= − 6 (3) +𝐶
3 3
𝟐𝟑=𝑪 𝑦=
4𝑥 2
− 6 𝑥 + 23
3

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