FUELS

OBJECTIV
ES:
 Definition
 Characteristics
 Properties of an Ideal
Fuel
 Classifications of Fuels
FUELS
 Substances that are
consumed to provide
energy services such as
heating, transportation,
and electrical
generation.
 FUELS
• Energy is neither created
nor destroyed; it is only
transformed from one
form to another.
CHARACTERIS
TICS OF
FUELS
1. Fuel Efficiency
- refers to how
effectively a fuel
transforms its
innate energy into a
form that can be
used. It is significant
to
remember that no fuel
is 100% efficient.
2. Calorific Value
-the amount of
energy released
during combustion
expressed
in joules per
kilogram of the fuel.
 FUEL CALORIFIC VALUE
(J/Kg)
CNG 5200
Wood 17000 - 220000
Coal 25000 – 33000
Petrol 45000
Kerosene 45000
Diesel 45000
Methane 50000
Propert
ies of
an
Ideal
Fuel
Calorific Density
Value
Amount of Heat  Mass of a fuel to the
energy released amount of energy
during complete that is that is stored
combustion of a unit within the fuel.
mass of a fuel.
 Ignition
Temperatu Viscosity
re
 Minimum  Resistance to flow
temperature to and a measure of the
which a fuel must be fluidity at a certain
heated so that it temperature.
may catch fire and
start burning.
 Carbon Rate of
Residue Combustion
 Tendency to form  Rate upon which the
carbon deposits at chemical energy
high temperature at contained in the fuel
an inert is released.
temperature.
Classification of
Fuels
 FUEL

Primary Secondary
Fuels Fuels

SOLID LIQUI GA SOLID LIQUI GA

1. Solid Fuels
2. Liquid Fuels
3. Gaseous Fuels
 On the Basis of
State:
1. Solid Fuels
- types of solid materials
that are used to produce
energy and provide
heating,
released through
 ADVANTAG
 Easily be stored and transported from one
ES
place to another.
 Production cost is less.
 Moderate ignition temperature.

DISADVANTAG
 Handling cost is high.
ES in large quantities.
 Energy is wasted
 Ash content is very high and it burns by
forming clinkers.
 On the Basis of
State:

2. Liquid Fuels
- combustible
substance
in liquid form which is
used
to obtain thermal
 ADVANTAG
 Higher calorific value per unit mass.
 ESash, clinkers, etc.
Burns without
 Controlling the combustion is easier.
 Loss of energy is comparatively lower.

DISADVANTAG
 Its cost is expensive.
 Greater riskESof fire hazards.
 Requires specials burning equipment for
more efficient combustion.
 On the Basis of
State:

3. Gaseous Fuels
- found in nature freely
and
used in their original
form
in which they exist in
 ADVANTAG
 Transportation pipes is easy.
 ES
Sparking combustion is easy
 Have higher heat content.
 Clean after use.

DISADVANTAG
 Large store tank is required.
 Chance forESfire hazard are extremely high
and strict safety measure need to be
followed.
On the Basis of
Occurrence:
1. Primary/Natural Fuels
2. Fossil Fuels
3. Artificial Fuels
4.Biofuel
On the Basis of
Occurrence:

1. Primary/Natural Fuels
- type of fuels that are
naturally present in the
environment.
On the Basis of
Occurrence:

2. Fossil Fuels
- compound mixtures
made of
fossilized or
decomposed
plants and animals from
 ADVANTAG
 High – energy
 ES
Inexpensive
 Abundant
 Dispatchable

DISADVANTAG
 Pollutes air and water.
 ResponsibleES for acid rain.
 Non-renewable
On the Basis of
Occurrence:

3. Artificial Fuels
- obtained through
different
chemical processes of
primary fuels.
On the Basis of
Occurrence:

4. Biofuel
- Produced by conversion
of
biomass in such a short
time
into a fuel.
 QUIZ
TIME!
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 TEST I
1. Which among these is the
advantage of a liquid gas?
A. Abundant
B. Less production cost
C. Has high calorific value
D. Has lower loss of energy when it is
burned.
2. It refers to the mass of a fuel
that is stored within a fuel.
A. Ignition temperature
B. Density
C. Viscosity
D. Calorific Value
3. ____ is neither created nor
destroyed; it is only
transformed from one form to
another?
A. Fuel
B. Biomass
C. Fire
D. Energy
4. It is a measure of the fluidity of
a fuel at a certain
temperature?
A. Ignition temperature
B. Density
C. Viscosity
D. Calorific Value
5. A type of fuel that can be
found in the environment.
A. Fossil Fuels
B. Primary Fuels
C. Biofuel
D. Secondary Fuels
 TEST II
1. – 2. Enumerate at least 2
characteristics
of a fuel.
3. – 5. Write the disadvantages of
a liquid
fuel.
 REFERENCES
https://www.engineersrail.com › types-of-solid-fuels
https://byjus.com/question-answer/define-calorific-value-of-a-fuel/
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/define-ignition-temperature-of-a-fuel/
https://clubtechnical.com/liquid-fuels
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-fossil-fuels-definition-advantages
-disadvantages.html#:~:text=All%20three%20types%20of%20fossil%20fuels
%20have%20several%20advantages%20over,and%20contribute%20to%20clim
ate%20change

https://www.hcpgcollege.edu.in/sites/default/files/Carbon%20residue%20-%20
EnggCyclopedia.pdf
.