COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION

IN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

Instructor: Engr.
THEORY OF STRUCTURES
Plane Stresses and Shear & Moment in Beams
 DETERMINACY OF STRUCTURES
A.) Beams and Frames B.) Trusses
, Statically , Statically
Determinate Determinate
, Statically , Statically
Indeterminate Indeterminate
, Unstable , Unstable
Degree of Indeterminacy = Degree of Indeterminacy =

Note:
For frames: Where:
Internal Supports: Hinge:
Roller:

U = Number of Unknowns / Reactions

EE = Number of Equilibrium Equations
SAMPLE
PROBLEM 1
Determine the
determinacy of the
following structures.
 18kN
4kN/m

SAMPLE
C PROBLEM 2
6m 2m 2m

Given is a
4kN/m compound beam
has an internal
A C
hinge at C.
6m
Determine the
reaction at B.
Ra Rc

18kN

C B

2m 2m

12kN Rb
 B

SAMPLE
20
/m kN
kN /m
60 3

PROBLEM 3
m

20kN/m
60kN/m
3
m
A gable arch pinned
A C
at A, B, and C is
3
subjected to normal
3
m m pressure on the
kN windward side and

25
4

4.
84
suction pressure on

55
180kN 60kN 5

84
5
4.

4
5

kN
B
2
the leeward side as
180kN 60kN 3
m
shown. Determine
the reactions at A
and C.
180kN 60kN
3
m
A C

3 3
m m
 D
SAMPLE
35°
PROBLEM 4
From the cable
23.34k
shown, determine
N angle β, tension an
β C 35° AB, and the total
length of the cable.
20kN

6 11 7
A m m m
6
D m

B β
C 35°
α
16kN
B 19.0
8 20kN

16kN 20.23k
N
Cables carrying a uniform load
PARABOLIC CABLE
distributed horizontally, creates a
A C

parabolic shape.

Minimum Tension, H
y = sag

- Horizontal component of tension

H B

- Constant throughout the cable

length
x

- Located at the lowest point, where

𝑊

the vertical component is zero.

Maximum Tension, Tmax Considering

- Resultant of the components of

tension
- Located at the highest point
 A

SAMPLE
1 0 𝑓𝑡 PROBLEM 5
B H A parabolic cable carries a
uniform load as shown in the
𝑥 figure. The vertical distance
between A and B, and B and
C, are 10ft and 15ft,
𝑤 =600 𝑙𝑏 / 𝑓𝑡 Ty Tx
respectively. If the horizontal
distance from A and C is 25ft,
C what is the maximum and
minimum tension of the cable.

1 5 𝑓𝑡 C

B B

H
25 -
𝑤=600 𝑙𝑏/ 𝑓𝑡

𝑤 =600 𝑙𝑏 / 𝑓𝑡
CATENARY CABLE
Cables forms its curve based on self-
distributed load along its length, for
example its own weight.

is important in solving for maximum

and minimum tension of catenary
cables. x

A C
sag
B
s=
th y
leng
c
 50m
SAMPLE
A
30m
C
PROBLEM 6
B
y A cable weighs
c 10N/m is put on two
poles, 100m apart.
The sag is
measured to be
30m. What is the
maximum and
minimum tension of
the cable?
 SAMPLE
PROBLEM 7
P A 5m cantilever beam
supports a load P=400kN
B 3.75m applied 3.75m from the
A C
support. Assume EI =
75,000 kN•m2.
L=5
m What is the deflection
under the point of
application of the load?

What is the maximum

A C
deflection of the beam?

What upward force

P L=5 should be applied at the
m
end of the beam to
eliminate the maximum
deflection?
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
B C
0.4
in 2 in
5
2

Bronz
SAMPLE
0.
30°
A
50°
Steel
e
PROBLEM 3
A B For the truss shown,
W 0.8 1.6 0.8
m m 1.6
m
m
48kN
• How many are zero-
25mm
force members?
P
P • Calculate the force
on member GF.
P 130m P
m • Calculate the force
on member FC.
Copper Brass
30mmØ 45mmØ

20kN
6000l 7000l 5000l 4000l
900mm 600mm b b b b
E=120GPa E=90GPa
α=18×10―6/° α=20×10―6/
C °C 3’ 5’ 4’
 B
x 45°
A

SAMPLE
D E
P 30°
75° D
C

0.4m

PROBLEM 3
W
C 1
P

0.2m W
1000N

2
0.2m

F G H P4 2500lb·in 1800lb·in
5000lb·in
C
ab
e
le
bl
Ca

le
ab
Ca
bl

C
e

h
A B C D
B E
A 36” 30” 15”
C D
a a C b b
P P2 P3
1

D
w h

A a C b B

A a
B b
P
 30k
25kN/m
N
10kN/m 15kN·m A C B

2m 5m 2m 1m SAMPLE
2m
1m
3m 2m

C
PROBLEM 3
18k
4kN/m N
A
For the truss shown,
• How many are zero-
A C
B B force members?
6m 2m 2m
• Calculate the force
𝑤=600 𝑙𝑏/ 𝑓𝑡
on member GF.
B
6 11 7 • Calculate the force
A m m
kN
/m
20
kN
/m
m
6 on member FC.
60 3 m
m
B β D
C 35°
20kN/m
60kN/m

16kN
3
m 20kN

A C

3 3
m m