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Solar - System-Design - 2013 2

The document outlines the major components of a solar power system, including PV panels, solar charger controllers, inverters, batteries, and loads. It details the process of sizing a solar PV system, including determining power consumption, sizing PV modules, inverters, batteries, and solar charge controllers. An example is provided to illustrate the calculations needed for a specific household's energy requirements.

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kennethogayre1010
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18 views7 pages

Solar - System-Design - 2013 2

The document outlines the major components of a solar power system, including PV panels, solar charger controllers, inverters, batteries, and loads. It details the process of sizing a solar PV system, including determining power consumption, sizing PV modules, inverters, batteries, and solar charge controllers. An example is provided to illustrate the calculations needed for a specific household's energy requirements.

Uploaded by

kennethogayre1010
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLAR POWER SYSTEM DESIGN

Major System components


PV – converts sunlight into DC electricity

Solar Charger Controller – regulates the


voltage and current from the PV panels
going to battery and prevents battery
overcharging and prolongs the battery life

Inverter – converts DC output of PV panels


into clean AC current for AC appliances or
fed back into grid line

Battery – stores energy for supplying to


electrical appliances when there is demand

Load – are electrical appliances that is


connected to solar PV system such as lights,
radio, TV computer, refrigerator, etc.
Solar PV System Sizing
1. Determine power consumption demands
1. Calculate total watt-hours per-day for each appliance used
2. Calculate total watt-hours per day needed from the PV
modules

2. Size the PV modules


1. Calculate the total watt-peak rating needed for PV modules
2. Calculate the number of PV panels for the system

3. Inverter sizing

4. Battery sizing

5. Solar charge controller sizing


Example
Solar PV System Sizing
Example :
 A house has the following electrical appliance usage;
 One 18 watts fluorescent lamp with electronic ballast used 4 hours
per day.
 One 60 watts fan used for 2 hours per day
 One 75 watts refrigerator that runs 24 hours per day with
compressor run 12 hours and off 12 hours

 Determine power consumption demands


 Calculate total watt-hours per-day for each appliance used
Total appliance use
= (18 watts x 4 hours)+(60 watts x 2hours) x (75 watts x 12 hours)
= 1,092 Wh/day
 Calculate total watt-hours per day needed from the PV modules

1,092 Wh/day x 1.3 (the energy lost in the system)


= 1,419.6 Wh/day
 Size the PV panel

 Calculate the total watt-peak rating needed for PV modules


Total Wp of PV panel capacity needed
= 1,419.6 / 3.4 (panel generation factor)
= 413.9 Wp

 Calculate the number of PV panels for the system


Number of PV panel needed
= 413.9 / 110
= 3.76 modules

Actual requirement = 4 modules


So this system should be powered by at least 4 modules of 110 Wp
PV modules
 Inverter sizing

Total Watt of all appliances = 18 watts + 60 Watts + 75 Watts = 153 watts


For safety, the inverter should be considered 25-30% bigger size
= 153 Watts x 1.25 = 191.25

The inverter size should be about 190 W or greater

 Battery Sizing

Total appliance use = (18 watts x 4 hours)+(60 watts x 2hours) x (75 watts
x 12 hours)
Nominal voltage = 12 volts
Days of autonomy = 3 days

Battery Capacity = [(18W x 4 hrs)+(60W x 2 hrs)+(75W x 12 hrs)] x 3


(0.85 x 0.6 x 12)
= 535.29 Ah
So the battery should be rated 12 volts Ah for 3 days autonomy

Note: Battery lost = 0.85 ; Depth of charge = 0.60 ; Nominal battery voltage = 12V
 Solar charge controller sizing
 PV module specification

Pm = 110 Wp
Vm = 16.7 Vdc
Im = 6.6 A
Voc = 20.7 A
Isc = 7.5 A

In practice, the sizing of solar charge controller is:


(Number of module x Short circuit current) x 1.3
1.3 (the energy lost in the system

 Solar charge controller sizing =

(4 module x 7.5 A) x 1.3 = 39A

So the solar charge controller should be rated 40 A at 12V or greater

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