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Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning Group 12 Presentation

The document discusses consequentialism, a moral philosophy that emphasizes maximizing overall well-being by weighing individual goals against collective goals. It outlines a systematic approach for evaluating and prioritizing these goals, considering factors such as expected utility, distribution of benefits, and moral obligations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of this framework in achieving the greatest overall good.

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Michael Angachaab
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17 views13 pages

Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning Group 12 Presentation

The document discusses consequentialism, a moral philosophy that emphasizes maximizing overall well-being by weighing individual goals against collective goals. It outlines a systematic approach for evaluating and prioritizing these goals, considering factors such as expected utility, distribution of benefits, and moral obligations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of this framework in achieving the greatest overall good.

Uploaded by

Michael Angachaab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIVERSITY OF CAPE COAST

COLLEGE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION (CODE)

PHL205: CRITICAL THINKING AND PRACTICAL


REASONING

PRESENTATION – PRESENTED BY: GROUP 12


MEMBERS
2

INTRODUCTION
HOW SHOULD A CONSIQUENCIALIST
WEIGH INDIVIDUAL GOAL AGAINST
COLLECTIVE GOALS TO ACHIEVE THE
GREATEST GOOD?
CONSEQUENTIALISM:

Is a moral philosophy, suggests that the


right action is the one that maximizes
overall well-being or happiness. Weighing
individual goals against collective goals
requires careful consideration.

Here's a step-by-step approach:


INDIVIDUAL GOALS:

1. Identify the individual's


goals and values.
2. Assess the importance
and urgency of each goal.
3. Evaluate the potential
consequences of achieving
each goal.
5

COLLECTIVE GOALS:
• 1. Define the collective goals
and values.
• 2. Assess the importance and
urgency of each collective goal.
• 3. Evaluate the potential
consequences of achieving each
collective goal
6

COMPARISON AND PRIORITIZATION:


1. Compare the individual and collective
goals.
2. Evaluate the potential impact of
each goal on overall well-being.
3. Prioritize goals based on their
potential consequences.
7

Consequentialist Considerations:
Decision-Making:
1. Aggregate vs. Distributive
1. Calculate the Consequentialism: Consider
expected utility of overall well-being vs.
each option individual distributions.
2. . Consider the 2. Short-term vs. Long-term
distribution of Consequences: Evaluate
benefits and harms. immediate and future
3. Choose the option effects.
that maximizes 3. Moral Obligations: Consider
overall well-being. duties, rights, and fairness.
4. Uncertainty: Account for
uncertainty in outcomes.
8

TOOLS AND REAL-WORLD


FRAMEWORKS: EXAMPLES:
1. Cost-Benefit 1. Balancing personal
Analysis (CBA) career goals with
community service.
2. Multi-Criteria
2. Weighing national
Decision interests against
Analysis (MCDA) global environmental
3. Decision Trees concerns.
3. Allocating resources
4. Game Theory
between individual
healthcare and public
health initiatives.
9

CHALLENGES
1.Measuring and comparing
values.
2. Predicting consequences.
3. Resolving conflicts
between individual and
collective goals
CONCLUSION

By following this framework,


consequentialists can
systematically weigh
individual goals against
collective goals, aiming to
achieve the greatest overall
good.
REFERENCE
1. Philosophical texts:
Jeremy Bentham's "An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and
Legislation" (1789)
John Stuart Mill's "Utilitarianism" (1861) -
Peter Singer's "Practical Ethics" (1979)
2. Ethics and decision theory literature:
"The Methods of Ethics" by Henry Sidgwick (1874) -
"The Theory of Moral Sentiments" by Adam Smith (1759)
"A Theory of Justice" by John Rawls (1971)
GROUP MEMBERS 12

Name index Center


ISSAHAQ ALHASSAN CD/ITE/NR/ TAMALE COLLEGE OF
02/23/0003 EDUCATION

MICHAEL AKUMDAI CD/ITE/WR/ ST. JOHN'S SHS-


ANGACHAAB 08/23/0003 SEKONDI
Adam Abdul- Rahim CD/ITE/NR/ TAMALE COLLEGE OF
02/23/0017 EDUCATION
DARRI SEIDU ABDUL
KADIR
THE END

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