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Classification of Control System Lecture No 2 July 2

The document classifies control systems into various categories, including Natural, Man-made, and Combinational Control Systems, as well as Time varying and Time invariant systems. It further distinguishes between Linear and Non-linear Control Systems, Continuous Time and Discrete Time Control Systems, and Deterministic and Stochastic Control Systems. Additionally, it explains Lumped and Distributed Parameter Control Systems, and defines Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems.

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Mujtaba Hasan
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3 views

Classification of Control System Lecture No 2 July 2

The document classifies control systems into various categories, including Natural, Man-made, and Combinational Control Systems, as well as Time varying and Time invariant systems. It further distinguishes between Linear and Non-linear Control Systems, Continuous Time and Discrete Time Control Systems, and Deterministic and Stochastic Control Systems. Additionally, it explains Lumped and Distributed Parameter Control Systems, and defines Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems.

Uploaded by

Mujtaba Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASSIFICATION OF

CONTROL SYSTEM
• Natural Control System The systems inside a human being or biological system are
:

known as Natural Control Systems.


• Man made Control systems The various control systems that are designed and
:

developed by man are known as Man made control systems. An Automobile system is an
example of Man made control system.
• Combinational Control Systems: The combination of a natural control system and man
made control system is an example of combinational control system. Driver driving an car is
an example of combinational control systems.
Time varying & Time Invariant Control System:
If the parameters of a control system varying with time, the
control system is termed as Time varying control system. A
space vehicle leaving earth is an example of Time varying
system. If the parameters of a control system are not varying
with time, the control system is termed as Time invariant
control system. The elements of an electrical network such as
resistance , inductance and capacitance are not time varying,
This is an example of Time invariant control system.
Linear and Non linear Control System:
A control system is known as linear if satisfied the additive
property as well as the homogenous property.
Homogeneity: A system is said to be homogeneous, if we
multiply input with some constant A then the output will also
be multiplied by the same value of constant (i.e. A).
Additivity: Suppose we have a system S and we are giving the
input to this system as a1 for the first time and we are getting
the output as b1 corresponding to input a1. On the second time
we are giving input a2 and correspond to this we are getting
the output as b .
Now suppose this time we are giving input as a summation
of the previous inputs ( a1 + a2) and corresponding to this
input suppose we are getting the output as (b1 + b2) then
we can say that system S is following the property of
additivity. Now we are able to define the linear control
systems as those types of control systems which follow the
Example
principle of LCS:
of homogeneity and additivity.
Consider a purely resistive network with a constant DC
source. This circuit follows the principle of homogeneity
and additivity. All the undesired effects are neglected and
assuming ideal behavior of each element in the network,
we say that we will get linear voltage and current
Non-linear Control Systems
We can simply define a nonlinear control
system as a control system which does not
follow the principle of homogeneity. In real
life, all control systems are non-linear
systems (linear control systems only exist in
theory). The describing function is an
approximate procedure for analyzing certain
nonlinear control problems.
xamples of Non-linear System
A well-known example of a non-linear system is a
magnetization curve or
no load curve of a DC machine. We will discuss
briefly no-load curve of DC machines here: No
load curve gives us the relationship between the
air gap flux and the field winding m.m.f. It is very
clear from the curve given below that in the
beginning, there is a linear relationship between
winding m.m.f and the air gap flux but after this,
saturation has come which shows the nonlinear
on
Re gi
ve d
Cur

n
io
eg
rR
ea
Lin
Continuous Time & Discrete Time Control Systems: If
all the system variables of a control system are function of
time it is termed as Continuous Time Control System. If one
or more systems variables of a control are known at a certain
discrete time, It is termed as Discrete Time Control System.
The speed control of a DC motor with Tacho generator
feedback is an example of Continuous Time Control System.
The microprocessors of computer based system is an
example of Discrete Time Control System.
Continuous vs Discrete System
Continuous system
Continuous systems are those types of systems in
which input and output signals are the same at both
the ends. In this type of system, variable changes with
time and any type of variation is not found in the input
and output signal. In response to the input signal, a
continuous system generates an output signal.
Suppose, we have two variable x and y and both vary
with time. Continuous signals are represented within
parenthesis.
Discrete systems
In discrete systems, both input and output signals are
discrete signals. The variables in the discrete systems
vary with time. In this type of system, the changes are
predominantly discontinuous. The state of variables in
discrete system changes only at a discrete set of points
in time . The variables in the discrete system are x and y
and they are always presented in square brackets [ ].
Deterministic & Stochastic Control
System:
If the response to input and to external disturbances of
a control system is predictable and repetitive , the
control system is known as deterministic.
Any control system is called stochastic if such a response
is unpredictable .
Lumped & Distributed Parameter Control System:
If a control system can be represented by ordinary differential
equations , such a control system is called Lumped-Parameter
Control System. In the case of electrical networks, parameters
such as resistance, inductance, etc. are Lumped-parameter
Control systems.
If a control system can be described by partial differential
equations, such a control system is known as Distributed-
Parameter Control system.
Examples of a Distributive-Parameter
Control System in a power transmission
line, its parameters such as resistance and
inductance are totally distributed along it
therefore transmission line characteristics
are always described by partial differential
equations.
Single Input Single Output & Multiple
Input Multiple Output System
If a Control System has one input and one output, it is
termed as Single Input and Single Output (SISO)
System
If a Control System has multiple input and Multiple
output, It is known as Multiple Input Multiple Output
(MIMO)

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