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XML Parsers (Dom Sax)

XML parsers are software libraries that allow applications to work with XML documents, primarily through two types: DOM and SAX. The DOM parser reads the entire XML document into memory as a tree structure, allowing for dynamic access and modifications, while the SAX parser is event-driven and processes the document sequentially, making it suitable for large files. Each parser has its advantages and use cases, with DOM being more memory-intensive and suitable for smaller documents, whereas SAX is faster and more efficient for larger documents.

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AYUSH SHARMA JI
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14 views20 pages

XML Parsers (Dom Sax)

XML parsers are software libraries that allow applications to work with XML documents, primarily through two types: DOM and SAX. The DOM parser reads the entire XML document into memory as a tree structure, allowing for dynamic access and modifications, while the SAX parser is event-driven and processes the document sequentially, making it suitable for large files. Each parser has its advantages and use cases, with DOM being more memory-intensive and suitable for smaller documents, whereas SAX is faster and more efficient for larger documents.

Uploaded by

AYUSH SHARMA JI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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XML Parsers

(DOM & SAX)


XML Parsers
• An XML parser is a software library or package that
provides interfaces for client applications to work with an
XML document.

• The XML Parser is designed to read the XML document and


create a way(interface or API) for programs to use XML.
XML Parsers

Two Types of parsers

DOM Parser

 SAX Parser
DOM (Document Object Model)
• DOM is a platform that allows programs and scripts to
dynamically access and update the content and structure of a
XML documents.

• The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming API


for HTML and XML documents. It defines the logical
structure of documents and provides interface(API) for
access documents.

• The Document Object Model can be used with any


programming language.

• DOM exposes the whole document to applications.


DOM (Document Object Model)
• The XML DOM defines a standard way for accessing and
manipulating XML documents. It presents an XML document
as a tree-structure.

• The tree structure makes easy to describe an XML document. A


tree structure contains root element (as parent), child element
and so on.

• The XML DOM makes a tree-structure view for an XML


document.

• We can access all elements through the DOM tree. We can


modify or delete their content and also create new elements.
DOM (Document Object Model)
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<college>
<student>
<firstname>Durga</firstname>
<lastname>Madhu</lastname>
<contact>999123456</contact>
<email>[email protected]</email>
<address>
<city>Hyderabad</city>
<state>TS</state>
<pin>500088</pin>
</address>
</student>
</college>
DOM (Document Object Model)
Let's see the tree-structure representation of the above example.
DOM (Document Object Model)
• We need a parser to read XML document into memory and
converts into XML DOM Object that can be accesses with
any programming language (here we can use PHP).

• The DOM parser functions are part of the PHP core. There is
no installation needed to use these functions.

• To load XML document in PHP


$xmlDoc = new DOMDocument();
this statement creates an object.

$xmlDoc->load("note.xml");
this statement loads a xml file by using object.
DOM (Document Object Model)
These are some typical DOM properties in php:
• X -> nodeName - the name of X
• X -> nodeValue - the value of X
• X->parentNode - the parent node of X
• X->childNodes - the child nodes of X
• X->attributes - the attributes nodes of X
Where X is Node object.
“note.xml”
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<student>
<num>521</num>
<name>xyz</name>
<age>30</age>
</student>
DOM (Document Object Model)
“Note.php”
<?php
$xmlDoc = new DOMDocument();
$xmlDoc->load("note.xml");
$x = $xmlDoc->documentElement;
foreach ($x->childNodes AS $item) {
print $item->nodeValue . "<br>";
}
?>
Output:
SAX
Simple API for XML
XML Parsers
What is an XML parser?
– An XML parser is a software library or package
that provides interfaces for client applications to
work with an XML document.

– The XML Parser is designed to read the XML and


create a way for programs to use XML.
XML Parsers
Two types of parser

– SAX (Simple API for XML)


• Event driven API
• Sends events to the application as the document is read

– DOM (Document Object Model)


• Reads the entire document into memory in a tree
structure
Simple API for XML
SAX Parser
When should I use it?

– Large documents
– Memory constrained devices
– If you need not to modify the document
SAX Parser
Which languages are supported?

– Java
– Perl
– C++
– Python
SAX Implementation in Java

• Create a class which extends the SAX event handler

Import org.xml.sax.*;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.ParserFactory;
Public class SaxApplication extends HandlerBase {
public static void main(String args[]) {
}
}
SAX Implementation in Java
• Create a SAX Parser

public static void main(args[]) {


String parserName = “org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser”;
try {
SaxApplication app = new SaxApplication();
Parser parser = ParserFactory.makeParser(parserName);
parser.setDocumentHandler(app);
parser.setErrorHandler(app);
parser.parse(new InputSource(args[0]));
} catch (Throwable t) {
// Handle exceptions
}
}
SAX Implementation in Java
• Most important methods to parse
– void startDocument()
• Called once when document parsing begins
– void endDocument()
• Called once when parsing ends
– void startElement(...)
• Called each time an element begin tag is encountered
– void endElement(...)
• Called each time an element end tag is encountered
– void error(...)
• Called once when parsing error occurred.
DOM SAX
Tree model parser (Object based) (Tree Event based parser (Sequence of
of nodes). events).

DOM loads the file into the memory and SAX parses the file as it reads it, i.e.
then parse- the file. parses node by node.

Has memory constraints since it loads No memory constraints as it does not
the whole XML file before parsing. store the XML content in the memory.

DOM is read and write (can insert or SAX is read only i.e. can’t insert or
delete nodes). delete the node.

If the XML content is small, then prefer Use SAX parser when XML content is
DOM parser. large.

Backward and forward search is possible SAX reads the XML file from top to
for searching the tags and evaluation of bottom and backward navigation is not
the information inside the tags. possible.

Slower at run time. Faster at run time.

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