Chapter 2:

Forms of Sustainable
Tourism
Members:
CANOPIN
COYAGBO
ALEGADO
Tourism is one of the world's fastest-growing industries
and a major foreign exchange and employment
generation for many countries. It is one of the most
remarkable economic and social phenomena.

The world 'tour' is derived from the Latin word tornus,

meaning 'a tool for making a circle'. Tourism may be
defined as the movement of the people from their
normal place of residence to another place (with the
intention to return) for a minimum period of twenty-four
hours to a maximum of six months for the sole purpose
of leisure and pleasure.
 Types of tourism
Tourism has two types and many forms on
the bases of the purpose of visit and
alternative forms of tourism. Tourism can
be categorized as International and
Domestic tourism.

Tourism has two types and various forms.

On the basis of the movement of people
tourism categorized into two types. These
are following as:
 Types of Tourism
1. International Tourism. When
people visit a foreign country, it is
referred to as International Tourism.
In order to travel to a foreign
country, one needs a valid
passport, visa, health documents,
foreign exchange, etc.
International tourism further divides
into two types; Inbound Tourism &
Outbound Tourism.
Types of international tourism

A. INBOUND TOURISM
This refers to tourists of outside origin entering a
particular country. When people travel outside their
host/native country to another country, then it is
called inbound tourism for that country where he/she
is traveling. For example, when a tourist from Indian
origín travels to Japan then it is Inbound tourism for
Japan because foreign tourist comes to Japan.
Types of international tourism
B. OUTBOUND TOURISM

This refers to tourists traveling from the

country of their origin to another country.
When tourists travel a foreign region than it is
outbound tourism for his own country
because he/she is going outside their country.
For example, when a tourist from India travel
to Japan then it is outbound tourism for India
and Inbound tourism for Japan.
 2. Domestic Tourism.
The tourism activity of the people within their
own country is known as domestic tourism.
Traveling within the same country is easier
because it does not require formal travel
documents and tedious formalities like
compulsory health checks and foreign
exchange. In domestic tourism, a traveler
generally. does not face many language
problems or currency exchange issues.
 Classification of Tourism

Tourism can be classified ínto six distinct

categories according to the purpose of travel.
These are following as:

a. Recreational: Recreational or leisure tourism

takes a person away from the humdrum of
everyday life. In this case, people spend their
leisure time at the hills, sea beaches, etc.

b. Cultural: Cultural tourism satisfies cultural and

intellectual curiosity and involves visits to ancient
 Classification of Tourism
Tourismn can be classified ínto six distinct categories
according to the purpose of travel. These are following as:

c. Sports/ Adventure: Trips have taken by

people with a view to playing golf, skiing and
hiking, fall within this category.
d. Health: Under thís category. people travel
for medical, treatment or visit places where
there are curative possibilities, for example,
hot springs, spa yoga, etc.
 Classification of Tourism
Tourismn can be classified ínto six distinct categories according to the
purpose of travel. These are following as:
e. Covention Tourism: It is becoming an
increasingly important component of travel.
People travel within a country or overseas to
attend conventions relating to their business,
profession or interest.

f. Incentive Tourism: Holiday trips are offered as

incentives by major companies dealers and
The main forms of sustainable tourism

Sustainable tourism is an umbrella term for 'standard tourism", responsible

tourism, adventure tourism, ecotourism... The principles of sustainable
tourism can be applied to all tourism types.
Sustainable tourism is any form of development, improvement or tourism
activity that respects the environment, preserves in the long term the
natural and cultural resources and is socially and economically durable and
equitable".

Sustainable tourism allows the development of tourism and recreation

activities in a country, region or tourist destination by taking into account
the basic principles of sustainable development, showing respect for the
environment, for the people and for the economy and the local culture of
The following are forms of sustainable tourism

1. Ecotourism one of the tourism industry s fastest growing

segments Before the mid-1980s, the term "ecotourism" did not exist
in the English language. Long before the term "ecotourism" was
coined in the mid-1980s, it existed as both a concept and a practice.

Ecotourism has been defined in various ways since its inception.

Ecotourism is comprised of three (3) components.
These are sustainable development, environmental sensitivity, and
respect for the destination's local people and culture.
Principles of Ecotourism

The aim of ecotourism is to bring conservation,

societies, and sustainable travel together. This means
that ecotourism practitioners, participants, and
advertisers should adhere to the following ecotourism
values.

• Reduce the negative effects on physical,

educational, mental, and psychological health.
• Create an understanding of and appreciation for the
environment and culture.
• Ensure that both guests and hosts have a nice time.
• Provide direct financial incentives for environmental
protection.
• Produce monetary benefits for both local residents
The following are forms of sustainable tourism:

2. Mass Tourism
refers to the leisure movement of a large
number of organized visitors to traditional
vacation destinations. It's a phenomenon
marked by the widespread use of
standardized packaged goods and mass
consumption. This form of tourism is
defined by standardized leisure goods and
experiences that are packaged for mass
tourists.
3. Alternative Tourism
includes individually organized tours to find first-hand information
about place, local culture, and environment. It can be for the following
reasons:
Business - It is touring for conducting business transactions, attending
business meetings, workshops, or conferences. .The objective of
business tourism is mainly professional.
Pleasure - It includes tourism for improving one's physical l or spiritual
well-being. For example, vacation at a Yoga or rehabilitation center.
Nature - It is tourism at places famous for pristine nature and serene
beauty. The main objective is to experience and enjoy nature such as
farms and wildlife.
Cultural - This type of tourism has an objective of understanding the
4. Responsible Tourism
reduces the negative social, economic, and environmental
consequences. Enhances the well-being of host communities and
provides greater economic benefits for local residents.
Responsible tourism is tourism in which:

• It reduces the negative social, economic, and environmental

consequences
• It enhances the well-being of host communities and creates greater
economic benefits for local citizens
• It improves working conditions and industry access includes local
people in decisions that impact their lives and opportunities
• It contributes to the protection of natural and cultural heritage thus
valuing diversity.
5. Cultural Tourism
the act of travelers visiting specific destinations in order to
observe and learn about a particular culture is known as
cultural tourism. This may include a variety o things such as
going to events and festivals, visiting museums, and sampling
the local cuisine and beverages.
Importance of Cultural Tourism
Cultural tourism can also be beneficial to the economy.
Tourists who travel to a location to learn more about a culture
or to visit cultural tourism attractions such as museums or
shows contribute to the local economy. Attractions must be
staffed, which creates job opportunities for tertiary businesses
like restaurants, taxi companies, and hotels.
Impacts of Cultural Tourism

• Positive Impacts of Cultural Tourism

*Revitalization of Culture and Art
*Preservation of heritage

• Negative Impacts of Cultural Tourism

Social Change - The way society acts or behaves are referred
to as social change. Unfortunately, tourism has resulted in a
number of undesirable adjustments. Perhaps they've changed
their tone of voice or the way they dress. They may have been
exposed to alcohol through the tourism industry, or they may
have grown resentful of wealthy visitors and turned to violence.
 Globalization and the Destruction of Preservation and
Heritage

Globalization is the process by which the world becomes

more interconnected. We are losing our individuality in favor
of a sense of 'global being,' which We are becoming more
and more alike than ever before. Since visitors and hosts
usually come from diverse regional and cultural
backgrounds, globalization is unavoidable in the tourism
industry. This contact encourages us to become more
similar to one another.
6. Adventure Tourism
defined as the movement of the people
from one to another place outside their
comfort zone for exploration or travel
to remote areas, exotic and possibly
hostile areas. Adventure tourism is a
type of tourism in which tourist do
some adventures activities like
skydiving, hill climbing, and scuba
diving.
Thank
You