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LEC - 10 (IM Torque)

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Muhammad Danyal Zahid
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22 views21 pages

LEC - 10 (IM Torque)

Uploaded by

Muhammad Danyal Zahid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AC Machines

B.Sc. Electrical
Engineering

Lecture # 10
Ind. Motor Torque

1
Learning Objectives
• Starting torque of IM.
• Condition for maximum starting torque.
• Relationship between voltage & torque.
• Running torque of IM.
• Condition for maximum running torque.
• Problems.

2
Rotor Torque (T)
• Produced due to interaction of stator and rotor fields.

3
Starting Torque (Ts)

4
5
Condition for Maximum Starting Torque

6
Effect of Change of Supply Voltage

7
Running Torque of IM

8
9
10
Maximum Torque under Running Conditions

11
Maximum Torque

12
Pull-Out Torque
• The maximum torque in an induction motor is
called pull-out torque or break down torque.

• Torque becomes maximum at S = R2/X2.

• Its value is at least twice the full-load value


when the motor is operated at rated voltage
and frequency.

13
When will rotor resistance dominate rotor reactance
and vice versa?
• When a 3-phase induction motor is under normal
operation, then the rotor frequency is low and so the
rotor reactance will be low (X= 2πfrL). The current is
largely limited by rotor resistance rather than
reactance. On the other hand, when the rotor is
stationary, then f r = f s as S=1. In this case reactance
will be maximum and resistance will be low.
Why are rotor core losses very small as compared to
stator copper losses?
• As an induction motor operates at a speed near
synchronous speed, so the relative motion of the
magnetic field over the rotor surface is quite slow. Due
to this, rotor frequency will be very low. As core losses
depend upon frequency, so the rotor core losses will be
very small as compared to stator core losses.
14
Why is starting torque of 3-phase squirrel cage
induction motor less than that of a 3-phase
wound rotor motor?
Squirrel-cage motors.
As rotor bars are permanently short-circuited, it
is not possible to add any external resistance in
the rotor circuit to increase starting torque. Sq.
cage motors have starting torque of 1.5 to 2
times the full-load value with starting current of
5 to 9 times the full-load current.

15
Wound rotor motors
The resistance of the rotor circuit of such motors
can be increased through the addition of
resistance. By inserting
external the resistance
value of external proper (so that R2 =
X2), maximum starting torque can be obtained.

16
Problem # 1
A 440 V, 3- phase, 50 Hz, Y – connected, 4-pole induction
motor has a full-load speed of 1425 RPM. The rotor has
an impedance of (0.4 + j 4) and rotor/stator turn ratio is
0.8.
Calculate the following:
(1) Full-load torque?
(2) Maximum torque?
(3) Rotor current?
(4) Full-load rotor copper loss?
17
18
19
Problem # 2

20
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