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Major Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers: Unit III/Informatics (Lecture)

The document provides an analysis of the development of computers in nursing from the 1960s to the present, highlighting key advancements in nursing practice, administration, education, and research. It discusses the evolution of Hospital Information Systems (HIS) and Electronic Health Record Systems (EHRS), emphasizing their benefits in improving patient care and reducing workload. Additionally, it addresses the role of the Internet as a source of knowledge and the importance of evaluating online information credibility.

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19 views23 pages

Major Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers: Unit III/Informatics (Lecture)

The document provides an analysis of the development of computers in nursing from the 1960s to the present, highlighting key advancements in nursing practice, administration, education, and research. It discusses the evolution of Hospital Information Systems (HIS) and Electronic Health Record Systems (EHRS), emphasizing their benefits in improving patient care and reducing workload. Additionally, it addresses the role of the Internet as a source of knowledge and the importance of evaluating online information credibility.

Uploaded by

nikabayh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAJOR HISTORICAL

PERSPECTIVES OF
NURSING AND COMPUTERS
Unit III/Informatics (Lecture)
ANALYSIS OF COMPUTER DEVELOPMENT

 Time periods
 Four major nursing areas
 Nursing Practice
 Nursing Administration
 Nursing Education
 Nursing Research
TIME PERIOD ANALYSIS
 Prior to 1960s
 Growth of computer
industry
 Major changes in
nursing and IT is
occurring.
 Few experts to
pioneer this
practice.
 Computers are used
only for business
functions.
TIME PERIOD ANALYSIS
 1960s
 “Why computers?”
 “What to computerize?”
 Advent of hospital information system (HIS)
 Progress was slow
HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS)
TIME PERIOD ANALYSIS
 1970s
 Start of
computerization
of nursing records
 Involvement in
designing HIS
 Management
information
system were also
developed.
TIME PERIOD ANALYSIS
 1980s
 Nursing Informatics
became a specialty
 Need for nursing
software has
evolved.
 HIS has
incorporated
nursing
subsystems.
 PCs have reached
the workplace.
TIME PERIOD ANALYSIS
 1990s
 Smaller and faster
computers
 LAN & WAN
 Internet usage
has emerged.
 Communication is
transferred
instantly.
TIME PERIOD ANALYSIS
 Post-2000
 Wireless point-of-
care
 Development of
PDA’s, tablets and
smartphones
 VoIP for
communication
 Smart cards
 Monitoring patient
status thru Internet
DEVELOPMENT IN MAJOR NURSING
AREAS

 Nursing practice
 Documentation
 Tracking progress
 Used for
analyzing trends
in nursing care.
DEVELOPMENT IN MAJOR NURSING
AREAS

 Nursing
Administration
 Tracking workload
 Patient
classification
 Access of digital
libraries and
online resources.
DEVELOPMENT IN MAJOR NURSING
AREAS

 Nursing Education
 Online courses
 Teleconferencing
 Communication
 Virtual skills lab
 Records
Management
DEVELOPMENT IN MAJOR NURSING
AREAS

 Nursing Research
 Primarily used to
analyze data.
 NCSS, SPSS, MS
Excel
 Data retrieval
 EBSCOhost,
ScienceDirect,
JStor
 Web resources
ELECTRONIC HEALTH
RECORD SYSTEM

 A number of interconnected HIS.


 Integrate all healthcare data of all patients.
 Improves patient care, reduces overwork.
 Features:
 Wide scale computer-based patient record
 Complete collection of individual’s health
record.
 Database format
 Stored in clinical repository
 Data can be integrated/consolidated.
ELECTRONIC HEALTH
RECORD SYSTEM

 Benefits of EHRS:
 Alerts clinicians if an order they are
entering could cause problem.
 Notify physicians of clinically significant
events.
 Template for automatic generation of
reports.
 Remote data viewing.
HISTORY OF EHRS
Data Processing

Data Process Informati


• Raw, plain • Classify, on
facts sort, • Meaningful
summarize

Database is created
Database
 Organized collection of related data.
 Example: Phonebook, Medical Chart
 The systematic approach in finding the
data in a database has an impact on
ease of access.
FIELDS, RECORDS AND FILES
ADVANTAGE OF DBMs
 Reduces data redundancy.
 Decreases data inconsistency.
 Eliminates inefficient data gathering.
The Internet
 The Internet is a global system of
interconnected computer networks that use
the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP)
to serve billions of users worldwide.
 It is a network of networks that consists of
millions of private, public, academic,
business, and government networks, of
local to global scope, that are linked by a
broad array of electronic, wireless and
optical networking technologies.
The Internet
 The Internet carries an extensive range of
information resources and services, such as
the inter-linked hypertext documents of
the World Wide Web (WWW) and
the infrastructure to support email.
 The Internet has no centralized governance
in either technological implementation or
policies for access and usage; each
constituent network sets its own policies
The Internet as Source of Knowledge

 Evaluating Information from the Web


 Credibility – sources?
 Content – originality?
 Disclosure – purpose of the site?
 Links – is it working?
 Design – navigation issues?
 Interactivity – does it allow feedback?
 Caveats – is it trying to sell products?

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