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Jay's Atc

The lexical analyser is the first phase of a compiler, responsible for processing source code into tokens while removing irrelevant elements. It improves parsing efficiency and detects lexical errors early in the compilation process. Utilizing Finite Automata and Regular Expressions, the lexical analyser ensures efficient operation and has potential for future enhancements with AI integration.

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11 views9 pages

Jay's Atc

The lexical analyser is the first phase of a compiler, responsible for processing source code into tokens while removing irrelevant elements. It improves parsing efficiency and detects lexical errors early in the compilation process. Utilizing Finite Automata and Regular Expressions, the lexical analyser ensures efficient operation and has potential for future enhancements with AI integration.

Uploaded by

rishikesh9098
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ROLE OF

LEXICAL
ANALYSER
Presented by Jay Kumar r
INTRODUCTION
 The lexical analyser, or scanner, is the first phase of a compiler.
 It processes the source code to divide it into fundamental components
called tokens.
 Role: Serves as the intermediary between the source program and the
parser. It simplifies code for further analysis by removing irrelevant
elements.
 Example of tokens: For the code , tokens are:
MOTIVATION
 Helps in structuring source code by recognizing tokens such as keywords,
operators, and identifiers.
 Removes non-essential characters like whitespaces and comments, making
parsing faster and more efficient.
 Detects lexical errors early in the compilation process, saving time and
effort.
 Practical Relevance: Crucial for any programming language's compiler,
enabling smooth code execution.
TOC CONCEPTS SELECTED
FOR APPLICATION
• Finite Automata and Regular Languages: Finite Automata (FA):
• The theoretical foundation for recognizing patterns in source code.
• Useful in implementing lexical analyzers .

• DFA (Deterministic Finite Automata):


• A specific type of FA that efficiently matches input strings to tokens using
predefined rules.
• Regular Expressions :
• The building blocks for defining tokens in source code.
PROBLEM DEFINITION
Key Problems:
 Recognizes tokens such as identifiers, operators, and constants.
• Ignores irrelevant elements like spaces and comments.
• Flags invalid symbols or sequences as lexical errors.
APPLICATION OF FINITE
AUTOMATA
• How FA Works in Lexical Analysis:
• Tokens are specified as regular expressions.
• Example:
• Keywords:
• Identifiers:
• Numbers:
• Operators:
INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE
IDEAS APPLIED
 Optimized DFA
 Reduces the number of states for faster token recognition

 Error recovery
 Continues analysis even after encountering an error to gather more results

 Lookahead mechanisms-
 Prevents unnecessary backtracking by predicting the next possible token
SOLUTION DETAILS
•How the Lexical Analyzer Works:
•Step 1: Reads input source code character by character.
•Step 2: Matches substrings against regular expressions to generate tokens.
•Step 3: Handles errors by identifying invalid characters.

Example:
Input Code:

Output tokens:
CONCULSION
 Lexical analyzers act as the first step in the compilation process.
 They convert source code into manageable units (tokens) for further
processing.
 Using Finite Automata and Regular Expressions ensures efficient and error-
free operation.
 Future Scope: Incorporating Al for intelligent error detection.
 Enhancing DFA designs for more complex languages.

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