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2nd Quarter 3rd Lesson Levels of Measurement

This lesson covers the levels of measurement in quantitative research, classifying them into categorical and continuous variables. Categorical variables include nominal and ordinal types, while continuous variables encompass interval and ratio types. Understanding these measurement levels is crucial for researchers to accurately analyze and interpret data.

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3 views17 pages

2nd Quarter 3rd Lesson Levels of Measurement

This lesson covers the levels of measurement in quantitative research, classifying them into categorical and continuous variables. Categorical variables include nominal and ordinal types, while continuous variables encompass interval and ratio types. Understanding these measurement levels is crucial for researchers to accurately analyze and interpret data.

Uploaded by

spcshs.sayas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 1: Nature of Quantitative Research

Lesson 3
Levels of Measurement

Practical Research 2
Senior High School Applied - Academic
● Differentiate the scales of
Learning
measure used in quantitative
Objective
research.
s ● Apply the different variable
At the end of the
lesson, you concepts in research
should be able to
do the following: appropriately.

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Level of The measurement level, also
measuremen called scales of measure,
t gives you an idea of the type of
data you have.

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● Level of measurement can be classified
into two: categorical and continuous
measures of variables.
● A categorical variable is further
categorized into nominal and ordinal
levels, while a continuous variable is
categorized into interval and ratio
levels.
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Categorical Variables
● A nominal variable is any variable that
represents different types of data, which may
be divided into groups or categories. There is
no intrinsic order; hence, its frequencies can
only be counted.

The examples are race, ethnicity, and hair


color.
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Categorical Variables

● An ordinal variable is any variable that


may also be divided into groups or
categories, but it has intrinsic order or
rank. Its frequencies can be both counted
and ranked in which the distance
between categories is not equivalent.
Some examples are year of graduation,
brands of bags, and food preference.
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Continuous Variables

● An interval variable is a variable that


has a numerical value. It can be
counted and ranked, and the
differences between the ranked
categories are meaningful. There is no
true zero point.

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Continuous Variables

For example, you know that the difference


or interval between 25°C and 35°C is the
same between 10°C and 20°C.

Just like in the example, if you say, -6°C,


then that means below freezing point.

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Continuous Variables
● A ratio variable is an interval value,
but unlike the interval variable, it has a
true zero. It has numerical value and
meaning which can also be counted,
ranked, and has a meaningful
difference between values. There is a
true zero point, which means that
nothing exists for that variable and that
zero EXPLO
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EXPLAI none.
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Continuous Variables

For example, A person’s weight can be


counted, ranked, or you can determine the
equivalent distance between a person’s
weight with another.

If you say that there is 0 kg, then there is


no weight measured at all or there is no
difference
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in their
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weight.
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10
Remember

It is important that as researchers, we are


knowledgeable about our variables because
research mainly revolves around them.

11
Wrap Up
Statement of the Null
Statistical Tool
Problem Hypothesis

Is there a There is no
Categorical Categorical significant significant Chi-Square
Variable Variable association…? association…

Is there a There is no
Continuous Continuous significant significant Pearson r;
Variable Variable relationship…? relationship… Spearman rho

Is there a There is no
Categorical Continuous significant T-Test or ANOVA
significant
Variable Variable difference…? difference…

12
Wrap Up

Categorical Variable Continuous Variable

Categorical Variable Chi-Square T-Test / ANOVA

Pearson r / Spearman
Continuous Variable
rho
Quick Check
1. Are height and weight related?
2. Is there an association between social class and political
affiliation?
3. Is “Diet 1” better than “Diet 2”?
4. Are patients taking treatment A more likely to recover than
those in Treatment B?
5. Do students exposed to blended learning have higher
academic performance than those exposed to online learning
and traditional learning?

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14
Wrap Up
Variables are anything that can be
subjects for observation done by the
researcher.

Variables vary in terms of their role and


level of measurement in the research.

The level of measurement can be classified as 15


Wrap Up

16
Bibliography
Mcleod, Sam. “What are Independent and Dependent Variables?.”
Simply Psychology. August 1, 2019.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/variables.html.

Mcleod, Sam. “Extraneous Variables.” Simply Psychology. July 30, 2019.


https://www.simplypsychology.org/extraneous-variable.html

Trochim, William. “Variables.” Research Methods Knowledge Base.


January 22, 2020.
https://socialresearchmethods.net/kb/understanding-variables/.

Tsang, Tawny. “Mediating and Moderating Variables Explained.”


Psychology in Action. February 16, 2015.
https://www.psychologyinaction.org/psychology-in-action-1/2015/02/0
6/mediating-and-moderating-variables-explained
.
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