Scribd
Upload
28 views19 pages

Physical Science - Active Ingredients

The document outlines various active ingredients commonly found in household cleaning products, including Alcohol Ethoxylate, Sodium Alkyl Sulfates, Amine Oxide, Ammonia, Sodium Hypochlorite, Ethanol, Phenol, Quaternary Ammonium compounds, and Sodium Percarbonate. Each ingredient is described in terms of its chemical properties, uses, and potential hazards. The document emphasizes the importance of safety precautions when handling these substances due to their irritant or toxic effects.

Uploaded by

alcestohoneylyn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
28 views19 pages

Physical Science - Active Ingredients

The document outlines various active ingredients commonly found in household cleaning products, including Alcohol Ethoxylate, Sodium Alkyl Sulfates, Amine Oxide, Ammonia, Sodium Hypochlorite, Ethanol, Phenol, Quaternary Ammonium compounds, and Sodium Percarbonate. Each ingredient is described in terms of its chemical properties, uses, and potential hazards. The document emphasizes the importance of safety precautions when handling these substances due to their irritant or toxic effects.

Uploaded by

alcestohoneylyn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

ACTIVE INGREDIENT(S) OF

CLEANING PRODUCTS USED


AT HOME
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
1. Alcohol Ethoxylate (AE)
• a class of compounds that are commonly used
throughout many industrial practices and commercial
markets.

• synthesized via the reaction of a fatty alcohol and


ethylene oxide, resulting in a molecule that consists of
two main components, (1) the oleophilic, carbon-rich,
fatty alcohol and (2) the hydrophilic, polyoxymethylene
chain.
1. Alcohol Ethoxylate (AE)
• can be used whenever oily substances encounter water or
a surface

• can be used as detergents, wetting agents, emulsifiers,


degreasers and emollients in many lines of commercially
available products and industrial practices.
2. Sodium Alkyl
• Sulfates
members of alkyl sulfates
• water-soluble and can form soap bubbles
• The chemical formula is CnH2n+1OSO2ONa.
• used in detergents, dish washing liquids, shower gels,
shampoos, hair conditioners and fabric softeners
• can also be used as fire extinguishing agent, because it
is not flammable
2. Sodium Alkyl
Sulfates
• In the cosmetic industry it is used as an emulsifier to
mix oily and water-soluble compounds for toothpaste or
moisturizing products.
• can produce irritating vapors when heated, consisting of
carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and
others
• can irritate skin and eyes
3. Amine
• also known as amine-N-oxide and N-oxide
Oxide
• a chemical compound that contains the functional group
R3N+–O−, an N–O bond with three additional hydrogen
and/or hydrocarbon side chains attached to Long-chain
alkyl amine oxides

• used as nonionic surfactants and foam stabilizers.


3. Amine
• highly polar molecules and have a polarity close to that of
Oxide
quaternary ammonium salts.

• Small amine oxides are very hydrophilic and have an


excellent water solubility and a very poor solubility in
most organic solvents
4.
• a colorless, soluble alkali gas that occurs naturally
Ammonia
in the environment
• a chemical containing one nitrogen and three
hydrogen atoms bonded together
• traditionally used in many household cleaners, though
today it's still found in glass cleaner, all-purpose
cleaners, and smelling salts. When used in cleaning
compounds, it’s called “household ammonia.”
4.
• Ammonia fumes are powerful irritant, potentially
Ammonia
harming your skin, eyes, nose, lungs and throat. When
found in oven cleaners and window cleaning
formulations, it is an irritant to the mucous membranes

• When working with ammonia, wearing heavy-duty


gloves, goggles, and a face mask are smart precautions
to protect your health.
5. Sodium
hypochlorite
• also known as bleach is another alkali disinfectant

• Bleach works by oxidizing or breaking down the


molecular bonds of stains and germs

• has strong corrosive properties that may do serious


damage to the human body.
5. Sodium
• Ammonia andhypochlorite
bleach are a particularly dangerous
combination, creating potentially deadly gases when
mixed. Never store these two chemicals in the same
place.

• Toxic chlorine gas can be formed if bleach is mixed


with acids, such as bowl cleaners.
6.
Ethanol
• a natural by-product of plant fermentation and can be
produced through the hydration of ethylene.

• mixes easily with water and many organic compounds,


and makes an effective solvent for use in paints,
lacquers and varnish, as well as personal care and
household cleaning products.
6.
Ethanol
• highly flammable and should not be used near open
flames.

• Ethanol inhalation can cause coughing or headaches.


7.
• Phenol, any of aPhenol family of organic compounds
characterized by a hydroxyl (―OH) group attached to a
carbon atom that is part of an aromatic ring.

• the term phenol is also the specific name for its


simplest member, monohydroxybenzene (C6H5OH),
also known as benzenol, or carbolic acid
7.
• Phenols are similarPhenol
to alcohols but form stronger
hydrogen bonds
• more soluble in water than are alcohols and have higher
boiling points
• Phenols occur either as colorless liquids or white solids
at room temperature and may be highly toxic and
caustic
7.
• widely used in household products and as intermediates
Phenol
for industrial synthesis. For example, phenol itself is
used (in low concentrations) as a disinfectant in
household cleaners and in mouthwash. Phenol may have
been the first surgical antiseptic.

• In 1865 the British surgeon Joseph Lister used


phenol as an antiseptic to sterilize his operating field.
8. Quaternary
• a family of low-level disinfectants (according to
ammonium
Spaulding) with most quats being derived from
benzalkonium

• reacted to provide a variety of chain lengths and


molecular structures so that the mix of quats used in the
disinfectant provide a wider range of efficacy than a
single chain
8. Quaternary
• generally used to disinfect countertops, toilets and other
ammonium
high touch environmental surfaces and floors
• cationic disinfectants
• can also bind with, or be absorbed by, materials and
fibers including cotton (e.g., cleaning rags and mops)
• generally take 3-10 minutes to disinfect and should be
used with cleaning tools that are tested to be compatible
9. Sodium
• a powder thatpercarbonate
releases hydrogen peroxide, and very
concentrated

• a granulated powder which can be nice for scrubbing


stains and stuck-on-gunk off dishes

• can be made into a paste, too, and used on tile grout and
tough stains

You might also like