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Conditional Sentences

The document outlines four types of conditional sentences: Zero, First, Second, Third, and Mixed Conditionals. Each type is defined with its grammatical structure, usage, and examples, highlighting how they express future possibilities, hypothetical situations, and past regrets. Practice exercises are included to reinforce understanding of each conditional type.

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talha.saeed0912
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16 views11 pages

Conditional Sentences

The document outlines four types of conditional sentences: Zero, First, Second, Third, and Mixed Conditionals. Each type is defined with its grammatical structure, usage, and examples, highlighting how they express future possibilities, hypothetical situations, and past regrets. Practice exercises are included to reinforce understanding of each conditional type.

Uploaded by

talha.saeed0912
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4 types

of
Conditional Sentences
Conditional sentences

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Mixed Conditional

Third Conditional
Zero Conditional
First Conditional
What is the First Conditional?
The First Conditional is a grammatical structure used to talk about
future situations that are likely or possible. It describes situations that
might happen in the future.
Formation:
If + present simple, will/won't + base verb
Examples:
1. If it rains tomorrow, I will take an umbrella.
2. If I get the job, I will move to New York.
3. If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
Usage:
1. Future plans or predictions
2. Possibilities or probabilities
3. Future conditions
4. Giving advice or warnings
Key Points:
5. Use "if" + present simple (not past simple or perfect)
6. Use "will" or "won't" + base verb in the main clause
7. Can use "might," "may," or "could" instead of "will" for possibility
Practice Exercises:
Complete the sentences:
8. If I graduate from university, ________.
Answer: I will apply for a job.
9. - If it snows this winter, ________.
Answer: I will go on a trip.
Here will is added to represent a situation that will likely happen.
Second Conditional
What is the 2nd Conditional? Formation:
The 2nd conditional is a If + past simple, would + base
grammatical structure used to verb
express hypothetical or
uncertain situations and their
possible outcomes. It
describes situations that are
unlikely or contrary to facts.
Examples:
1. If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
2. If it snowed in Fiji, people would be surprised.
3. If I had more time, I would travel more.

Usage:
4. Unreal or hypothetical situations
5. Contrary to fact scenarios
6. Unlikely or uncertain events
7. Expressing regrets or wishes
8. Making polite requests or suggestions

Practice Exercises:
Complete the sentences:
9. - If I had more money, _______.
Answer: I would buy a car.
2. - If it rained tomorrow, _______.
Answer: the school will remain close.
Here will or would is added to show uncertainty.
Third Conditional
The third conditional (also called the past conditional) is used to
describe hypothetical or uncertain situations in the past.

Structure:
If + past perfect tense, would/could/might + have + past
participle.
Example:
- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
- - If she had taken the job, she would have moved to New York.
- - If it had rained, we would have stayed indoors.

Common uses:
1.Expressing regret or disappointment.
2. Hypothetical past situations.
3. Talking about past decisions or actions that did not happen.
4. Describing alternative past outcomes.
Mixed Conditional
Mixed conditionals are sentences that combine past and present/future
situations, showing hypothetical or uncertain relationships.

Structure:
If + past perfect (hypothetical past) + would/could/might + present/past
participle (present/future outcome)
Examples:
1. If I had studied harder, I would be a better student now. (Past action affects present)
2. 2. If I weren’t so busy, I would have gone to the party last night. (Present situation
affects past)
3. 3. If she had practiced more, she would be a great singer today. (Past action affects
present)
4. 4. If it weren’t raining, we would have played cricket yesterday. (Present situation
affects past)

Mixed conditionals help express:-


- Regret or longing
- Hypothetical situations
- “What if” scenarios
- Past decisions’ impact on present

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