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Absolute Value and Inequalities

The document explains the concept of absolute value, denoted as |x|, which represents the distance of x from 0, regardless of its sign. It includes examples of solving equations and inequalities involving absolute values, demonstrating how to find solutions and check their validity. Additionally, it provides graphical representations and properties related to absolute values.

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tqanh2108
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13 views23 pages

Absolute Value and Inequalities

The document explains the concept of absolute value, denoted as |x|, which represents the distance of x from 0, regardless of its sign. It includes examples of solving equations and inequalities involving absolute values, demonstrating how to find solutions and check their validity. Additionally, it provides graphical representations and properties related to absolute values.

Uploaded by

tqanh2108
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Absolute Value

THIS SYMBOL |x| denotes the absolute value of x, which is the number without its sign.

Example |+7| = 7. |−7| = 7.

Example  4 4
Example  4  3 4  3 7

1
Geomtrically, |x| is the distance of x from 0.

Both 3 and −3 are a distance of 3 units from 0. |3| = |−3|


= 3.
Distance, in mathematics, is never negative.

Example
2
Example 3  4 2  3  2  5
Solution
32

Example Evaluate and mark on the number line 2 4  53

Solution 2 4  53
2 4  5 3
 7
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
Properties of Absolute Value

4
Basic Types of Equations Containing
Absolute Values

Example.

|x| = 4. Example
Solve for x:
x 4 or x  4
|x − 2| = 8
Solve for x. x  2 8 or x  2  8
|x + 5| = 4
x 10 or x  6
x  5 4 or x  5  4
x  1 or x  9

Note
There are two solutions. Both solutions should be checked by substituting into original
5
equation to see if the equation holds.
Example
Solve for x.
|1 − x| = 7

1  x  7 or 1  x   7
x  6 or x 8

Example
Solve for x.
|2x + 5| = 9

2 x  5 9 or 2 x  5  9
2 x 4 or 2 x  14
x 2 or x  7

Note
There are two solutions. Both solutions should be checked by substituting into original
equation to see if the equation holds.
Example
Solve for x.
2 x  5 3 x  10
2 x  5 3 x  10 or 2 x  5  3x  10
x  5 x  3

There are two solutions. Both solutions should be checked by substituting into original
equation to see if the equation holds.

Check
2  5  5 3  5  10 2  3  5 3  3  10

5  5 false 1 1 true

x  3 is the only solution.


Solve these question by yourself
Absolute value inequalities

For which values of x will this inequality be true?

|2x − 1| < 5
−5 < 2x − 1 < 5
 4  2x  6
2 x 3

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Solve this inequality for x :
|3x − 5| < 10

 10  3 x  5  10
 5  3 x  15
5
  x 5
3

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Solve this inequality for x :

|x + 2| < 7
−7 < x + 2 < 7
9 x 5

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Example
Solve this inequality for x :
|1 − 2x| < 9

 9  2x  1  9

 8  2 x  10

4 x 5

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Absolute value inequalities

Example
For which values of x will this be true?
|x + 2| > 7
x  2  7 or x2   7
x  5 or x9

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Absolute value inequalities

Solve for x :
Example |2x + 5| > 9

2 x  5  9 or 2 x  5   9

2x  4 or 2 x   14

x2 or x7

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Absolute value inequalities

Example Solve for x :


|1 − 2x| > 9

1  2 x  9 or 1  2 x   9
 2 x  8 or  2 x   10
x  4 or x  5

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Solve the following inequality.

 4  x  2 4
 2  x 6

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Solve the following inequality.

x  1 3 or x  1  3

x 2 or x  4

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Solve the following inequality.

 2  x  5 2
3  x 7

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

x  1 5 or x  1  5

x 6 or x  4

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
 4 3 x  5 4

1 3 x 9
1
 x 3
3

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

6x  7  5

 5  6x  7  5

2  6 x  12
1
x2 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3
18
2 x 1  3
 3  2 x 1  3

 4  2x  2

 2  x 1

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

5x  4  6

 6  5x  4  6

 10  5 x  2
2 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2x
5
19
Summary

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