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Module 7 Percentiles and T Distribution

The document discusses the characteristics and applications of the Student's t-distribution, emphasizing its use for small sample sizes and when the population standard deviation is unknown. It outlines the properties of the t-distribution, how to identify t-values using sample sizes and percentiles, and includes examples and exercises related to these concepts. Additionally, it provides definitions for key terms such as degree of freedom and percentile.

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Jennah Naguit
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28 views29 pages

Module 7 Percentiles and T Distribution

The document discusses the characteristics and applications of the Student's t-distribution, emphasizing its use for small sample sizes and when the population standard deviation is unknown. It outlines the properties of the t-distribution, how to identify t-values using sample sizes and percentiles, and includes examples and exercises related to these concepts. Additionally, it provides definitions for key terms such as degree of freedom and percentile.

Uploaded by

Jennah Naguit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PERCE N T I L E S &

T-DISTR I B U T I O N
• DOWNLOAD T-TABLE
OBJECTIVES
1.ILLUSTRATE THE T-DISTRIBUTION
(M11-12SP-IIIG2)
2.IDENTIFY THE PERCENTILE USING
THE T-TABLE (M11-12SP-IIIG5)
t-
distribution
Student’s t -
distribution
Identical to normal distribution curve (shorter and
stouter)
Used instead of the normal distribution when small
samples
The larger the sample size, the more the t-distribution looks
like normal
Sample size larger than 20 (normal
distribution)
PROPERTIES OF T-
1. ND: smooth
DISTRIBUTION shape
2. ND: symmetric
3. SND (z – distribution): mean of zero
4. ND (SD – known): degrees of freedom
(sample size)
5. useful for small sample sizes, when the
population standard deviation is not
known, or both
6. As the sample size increases, the t-
distribution becomes more similar to a
1.DEGREE OF FREEDOM - THIS REFERS
TO THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF
LOGICALLY INDEPENDENT VALUES
WHICH VARY IN THE DATA SAMPLE.
2.PERCENTILE – THIS IS A MEASURE OF
POSITION WITH DATA DIVIDED INTO
100 PARTS
EXAMPLES
1. Identify the t-value whose number

(𝛼) equal to 0.05.


of samples n = 7 and has an area

Solution:
df = n – 1
df = 7 - 1 = 6

𝛼 = 0.05
𝛼=
6

0.05
EXAMPLES

of freedom is 20 and has 𝛼 =


2. Find the t-value whose degree

0.01.

Solution:

𝛼 = 0.05
df = 20
𝛼 = 0.05
df = 20
EXAMPLES
3. Identify the t-value of the following
percentiles given the number of
samples.
a. 95th percentile , N= 30
b. 90th percentile, N=20

a. df = 29 𝛼 = 0.05
Solution:

b. df = 19 𝛼 = 0.10
29

𝛼=
0.05
19

𝛼=
0.10
1.What are the characteristics of
a t-distribution?
2.Enumerate the steps on
identifying the t-value using the
number of samples and the
right tailed area.
3.How to identify the t-value of a
certain percentile using the t-
table?
1. What is the other term for
t-distribution?
A. Z-distribution
B. Probability distribution
C. Percentile distribution
D. Student’s t-distribution
2. This refers to the maximum
number of logically independent
values which varies in the data
sample.
A. Level of significance
B. Percentiles
C. Degree of freedom
3. This refers to the measure
of position whose data is
divided into 100 parts.
A. Percentiles
B. Quartiles
C. Deciles
D. Median
4. What is the level of
significance if the
confidence interval is
90%?
A. 0.05 C.
0.10
B. C. 0.005 D.
5. What will be the degree
of freedom of the data
with a sample size of 20?
A. 17 C. 18
B. 19 D. 20
For number 6 to 7, use the given
data below to answer the following
questions.
“There are 9 students who will be
taking up the test, the researcher
sets the level of significance to 0.05.
The following are the scores of nine
students in the test: 23, 25, 25, 26,
27, 28, 30, 40, 45
6. What will be the t-
value of the given
problem?
A. 1.729 C.
1.456
B. 1.860 D.
7. What will be the t-
value of 95th
percentile?
A. 1.729 C.
1.456
B. 1.860 D.
9. What will be the
degree of freedom
with a t-value of 1 and
a sample size of 2?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3
D. 4
10. Find the t-value of
2.5th percentile on the t-
table with a degree of
freedom of 6.
A. 2.447 C. 4.030
B. -2.447 D. -
ASSIGNME
NT
A researcher conducts a diagnostic examination
to 20 students. The following are the
interpretation of the diagnostic examination.
1. James got a score which is 60% higher than
those who took the diagnostic test.
2. Rowena has a percentile rank of 90.
3. Jimuel got a score which is only 5% higher than
those who took the diagnostic test.
4. Joanna has a percentile rank of 75. 5. Lester is
90% lower than those who took the diagnostic
test.

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