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Module 3 The Normal Distribution

Module 3 covers the normal probability distribution, focusing on its characteristics, the standard normal distribution, and how to compute probabilities and percentiles. Key concepts include the bell-shaped normal curve, the empirical rule, and converting between normal and standard normal variables. The module includes exercises and examples to illustrate these concepts and their applications in real-world scenarios.

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Jennah Naguit
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6 views43 pages

Module 3 The Normal Distribution

Module 3 covers the normal probability distribution, focusing on its characteristics, the standard normal distribution, and how to compute probabilities and percentiles. Key concepts include the bell-shaped normal curve, the empirical rule, and converting between normal and standard normal variables. The module includes exercises and examples to illustrate these concepts and their applications in real-world scenarios.

Uploaded by

Jennah Naguit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 3: THE

NORMAL
PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
OBJECTIVES
 illustrate a normal random variable and its
characteristics (M11/12SP-IIIc-1);
 identify regions under the normal curve that
correspond to different standard normal values
(M11/12SP-IIc-3);
 convert a normal random variable to a standard
normal variable and vice versa (M11/12SP-IIIc-4); and
 compute probabilities and percentiles using the
standard normal distribution (M11/12SP-IIIc-d-1).
LESSON 1:
THE NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
AGREE OR DISAGREE
1. The normal curve of the distribution is bell-shaped.
2. In a normal distribution, the mean, median and
mode are of equal values.
3. The normal curve gradually gets closer and closer
to 0 on one side.
4. The normal curve is symmetrical about the mean.
5. The distance between the two inflection points of
the normal curve is equal to the value of the
mean.
NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION/GAUSSIANThe graph is asymptotic to
The graph is a
DISTRIBUTION
continuous curve and
x-axis. The value of the
variable gets closer and
has a domain closer but will never be
-∞ < X < ∞ equal to 0.

50 50
% %

μ
The highest point of the The curve is
curve occurs at symmetrical about the
x = μ(mean) mean.
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION/GAUSSIAN
DISTRIBUTION
The total area in the
The graph of normal
normal distribution
distribution is a bell-shaped
under the curve is
with two inflection point.
equal to 1. Inflection points
are the points
that mark the
50 50 change in the
curve’s concavity.
% %
1
1 SD
SD
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION/GAUSSIAN
DISTRIBUTION
Every normal curve corresponds to the “empirical rule”
(also called the 68-95-99.7% rule

1 SD1 SD
EXAMPLE 1

1 SD
E
X
A
M
P
L
E

2
Read the following statements carefully. Write ND if the
statement describes a characteristic of a normal distribution,
and NND if it does not describe a characteristic of a normal
distribution.
1. The curve of the distribution is bell-shaped.
2. In a normal distribution, the mean, median and
mode are of equal values.
3. The normal curve gradually gets closer and closer
to 0 on one side.
4. The curve is symmetrical about the mean.
5. The distance between the two inflection points of
the normal curve is equal to the value of the mean.
6. A normal distribution has a mean that is also
equal to the standard deviation.
7. The two parameters of the normal distribution
are the mean and the standard deviation.
8. The normal curve can be described as
asymptotic.
9. Two standard deviations away from the left
and right of the mean is equal to 68.3%.
10. The area under the curve bounded by the x-
axis is equal to 1.
PROJECT
Make a sketch for each of the 3 areas
under the normal curve as stated in the
empirical rule. Using a mosaic art, shade
the area that corresponds to the area
under the normal curve. You may use
eggshells, old magazines, dried leaves or
any materials available at home.
SEATWORK 1
Choose the best
answer.
LESSON 2.1:
THE STANDARD
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION(Z)
(IDENTIFYING THE REGION
UNDER THE CURVE)
WRITE THE AREA
CORRESPONDING TO THE
SHADED PART OF THE
NORMAL CURVE.
Guide Questions:
What is the mean?
Figure A: _____ Figure B: _____
What is the standard deviation?
Figure A: _____ Figure B: _____
What is the area of the shaded region?
Figure A: _____ Figure B: _____
What did you do to identify the area of the
shaded region?
Figure A: _____ Figure B: _____
Did you use the same method?____________
YOUR TURN!

1. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1.29


2. Find the area that corresponds to z = 3
3. Find the area that corresponds to z = - 2.33
1. Find the proportion of the area between z = -
1.25 and 2.19, this can be expressed as P(-1.25 <
Z < 2.19), read as the probability that Z is greater
than -1.25 but less than 2.19.

z = -1.25 ≈0.1056 P(-1.25 < Z < 2.19) = 0.9857-0.1056


z = 2.19 ≈ 0.9857
Find the proportion of the area between z = -1.25
and 2.19, this can be expressed as P(-1.25 < Z <
2.19), read as the probability that Z is greater than
-1.25 but less than 2.19.

z = -1.25 ≈0.1056 P(-1.25 < Z < 2.19) = 0.9857- 0.1056


P(-1.25 < Z < 2.19) = 0.8801 or
z = 2.19 ≈ 0.9857 88.01%
2. Find the proportion of the area if z < -1.25 , this
can be expressed as P( Z <-1.25), read as the
probability that Z is less than -1.25.

z = -1.25 ≈0.1056

P( Z < -1.25) =
0.1056
3. Find the proportion of the area is z > -1.25 , this
can be expressed as P( Z >-1.25), read as the
probability that Z is greater -1.25.

z = -1.25 ≈0.1056
P( Z > -1.25) = 1 -
0.1056
P( Z > -1.25) =
0.8944
YOUR TURN
Compute the following probabilities using the
standard normal curve. Construct a curve then
shade the region corresponding to the area.
LESSON 2.2:
THE STANDARD
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
(Z-SCORE AND
PERCENTILES)
EXAMPLE 1:
1. The scores in the
summative test of 11- 34.15

STEM B are normally


distributed with a
mean of 65 and a
standard deviation of P(X<53) = 50% -
12. Find the 34.15%
probability that some P(X<53) = 15.85% or
students got a score 0.1585
below 53.
EXAMPLE 1:
1. The scores in the
summative test of 11-
STEM B are normally
z=x–μ
distributed with a
mean of 65 and a σ
standard deviation z = 53 – 65
of 12. Find the 12
probability that some z = -1
students got a score P(Z<-1)=0.1587or
below 53.
z=x–μ
EXAMPLE 1: σ
z = 53 – 65
1. The scores in the 12
summative test of 11-
STEM B are normally z = -1
distributed with a P(Z<-1)=0.1587or
mean of 65 and a 15.875%
standard deviation The probability that
of 12. Find the some students go a
probability that some score below 53 is
students got a score 15.87%
below 53.
P(X<53) = P(Z<-1)
EXAMPLE 2: Step 1:
The height (in meters) z=x–μ
of grade 11 students in σ
section A follows a
normal distribution with z = 1.75 – 1.6
the mean 1.6 and a 0.3
standard deviation of z = 0.5
0.3. Find the probability
that students chosen at
random has a height Therefore, P(X>1.75) = P(Z >0.05)
greater than 1.75.
EXAMPLE 2: Step 2:
The height (in meters)
of grade 11 students in
section A follows a
normal distribution with
the mean 1.6 and a 0.5
standard deviation of -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
0.3. Find the probability
that students chosen at
random has a height
greater than 1.75.
EXAMPLE 2:
0.6915
The height (in meters)
of grade 11 students in
section A follows a
normal distribution with If P(Z<0.5) = 0.6915
the mean 1.6 and a or 69.15% then what
standard deviation of is P(Z>0.5)?
0.3. Find the probability
P(Z>0.5) = 1 – 0.6915
that students chosen at
P(Z>0.5) = 0.3385 or
random has a height
greater than 1.75.
33.85%
EXAMPLE 2:
0.6915
The height (in meters)
of grade 11 students in
section A follows a
normal distribution with P(Z>0.5) = 1 – 0.6915
the mean 1.6 and a P(Z>0.5) = 0.3385 or
standard deviation of
0.3. Find the probability 33.85%
that students chosen at Therefore, there is 33.85%
random has a height chance that grade 11
greater than 1.75. students are will be taller
than 1.75 meters.
LESSON 3: THE PERCENTILE
1.What is the value of 70th percentile
in a standard normal distribution?
A. 0.51
B. 0.52
C. 0.61
D.0.62
2. What is the area if the z - score given is
-1.83?
A. 0.0344
B. 0.0336
C. 0.0329
D. 0.0322
SEATWORK
Directions: Analyze the problem below by providing a
comprehensive answer from the given question. Write the
complete solution.
1. The mean score and the standard deviation in
the Statistics test are respectively equal to 80 and
2.5, whereas in the Mathematics test the mean
score is 70 and the standard deviation is 2. If Liza
got a score of 85 in Statistics and a score or 75 in
Mathematics in which subject is her standing
better assuming normality in both subjects?

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