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Assembly Language - LAB-01 Lecture Notes

Assembly Language is a low-level programming language that allows direct access to a computer's processor and registers, enhancing system performance and control over software design. It is distinct from other programming languages due to its close correspondence with machine code and its hardware-oriented nature. While Assembly Language offers advantages like speed and memory efficiency, it also presents challenges such as complexity and lack of portability across different architectures.

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3 views

Assembly Language - LAB-01 Lecture Notes

Assembly Language is a low-level programming language that allows direct access to a computer's processor and registers, enhancing system performance and control over software design. It is distinct from other programming languages due to its close correspondence with machine code and its hardware-oriented nature. While Assembly Language offers advantages like speed and memory efficiency, it also presents challenges such as complexity and lack of portability across different architectures.

Uploaded by

chimranishakti
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assembly Language

Why we study Assembly Language


• To control on operating system and design softwares accordingly because
if we have the knowledge of processor we can work accordingly
• To enhance the perforce of system processing
• To understand the processor
• To arrange the processor requirements as per capacity
• To understand the low level language
• Hardware and software combination to work together
• Because you don’t define particular memory address where to data store
and where not so efficiently system does so all about due to AL
• Direct access to register to execute the process rather to carry out things
from hard to ram to cache to register
How different is Assembly Language
then Other Programing Languages
• 250 Languages we use up to natural language processing
• Low level language
• Direct access to register and processor
• Embedded Programing direct access to hardware
• Not a web base or mobile base application
• A right techniques to a right problem
• Procedural non procedural
• For web for desktop for Mobile app but we need to command the
processor too for enhancement of the internal function of processor
What is actual Assembly Language
• David John Wholer computer programming, assembly language,
• often abbreviated asm,
• low-level programming language
• there is a very strong correspondence between the instructions in
the language and the architecture's machine code instructions
• can be used to directly tell the computer what to do
• almost exactly like the machine code that a computer can understand,
except that it uses words in place of numbers.
What is Assembler role in AL its
types
• An assembler is a program that converts assembly language into
machine code. It takes the basic commands and operations
from assembly code and converts them into binary code that can be
recognized by a specific type of processor. Assemblers are similar to
compilers in that they produce executable code.
• Emulator 8086
• Visual Studio With libraries of AL
• MASM
• DosBox .asm .obj; link; exe
Memory & Registers Core Role in AL
• General Purpose Register [Accumulator (I/O), Data (carry data), Base (address), Counter ]

• Segment [ Code, Stack (LIFO ), data, Extra ]

• Index Register [Source & Destination ]

• Special Purpose [Instruction Pointer Stack Pointer Flag and Base pointer]
Advantages and Disadvantages of
using AL
• Programs written in machine language are • No SDKs (System Development Kit).
replaceable by mnemonics which are
easier to remember • more complex in nature.
• It allows complex jobs to run in a simpler • Difficult to remember the syntax.
way.
• It is difficult to debug the program.
• It is memory efficient, as it requires less
memory. • It has a lack of portability of
• It is faster in speed, as its execution time is program between different
less. computer architectures.
• It is mainly hardware oriented. • It needs more size or memory of the
• It is used for critical jobs. computer to run the long programs
• It is not required to keep track of memory written in Assembly Language
locations.
Key Terms
1. Compiler

2. Interpreter
Linking and Loading are the utility programs execution of a program. Linking intakes the object codes

3. Translator generated by the assembler and combines them to generate the executable module. the loading loads

this executable module to the main memory for execution .

4. Linker & Loader

5. Assembler Assembly to object /byte


Opcode, Operands, Statement, Mnemonics are keywords like MOV DL,5 ADD BX, DX

6. opcode is the portion of a machine language instruction that specifies the operation to be performed
Interrupts

• DOS assembly, most things get done with the


DOS services interrupt int 21h, and the BIOS
service interrupts like int 10h and int 16h
Segments of AL

1. .Memory

2. .Code

3. .Stack

4. .data
Basic Syntax of Assembly Language
.model small
.stack 100h
.data
.code

Main Proc

Mov ah, 4ch


Main endp
End main
Link for Dosbox Programs
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5JOlz7MeYg&list=PLsu3nQRCX0
RIjLN0eUNzQbDFyfz8E_DJi&index=2

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