INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION-2024

Advance Telecom
Parala Maharaja Engineering College

Presented By
Mr. Sunandan Patra
Regd no.- 2201109330

Mr./Ms.
SunandanABCPatra
(Regd# ETC 1401109333)
(2201109330) [1]
 Contents
 Introduction

 Overview of Telecommunication Networks

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 Digital Switching Principles

 Fiber Optics Communication Principles

 Mobile Communication Principles

 Next Generation Network

 Conclusion

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [2]
 Introduction

 Bharat Sanctar Nigam Limited is the world's seventh largest

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telecommunication company.
 In responsibilties includes improvement of the quality of already installed
telecom services. expansion of telecom services in rural areas and
acquiring confidence among its customers
 It provides a comprehensive sange of services in India, which include
wireless connections CDMA mobile, GSM lanes, Internet, broadband
MPLS VPN (muti pratical label switching virtual private network), VSAT
(very small aperture terminal) WIMAX FTTH and VOIP (voice over
Internet protосоl).

Sunandan Patra
Mr./Ms. ABC (Regd# ETC 1401109333) [3]
 Overview of Telecommunication Networks
 The TELECOM sector plays a key role in modern society.
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 Telecommunications has entered da deregulated and fiercely

competitive environment with many vendors, carriers, and services.
 Telecommunication technology is moving towards open, converged and
multiservice digital networks for voice, data, video, and multimedia
applications.
 The result of an implementation of constantly developing technique is
coexistence of multiple network solutions, innovative devices, systems
and applications from different developers and vendors.

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [4]
 Digital Switching Principles
 A Digital switching system, is one in which signals are switched in
digital form. These signals may represent speech or data. The digital
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signals of several speech samples are time multiplexed on a common

media before being switched through the system.

 To connect any two subacribers, it is necessary to interconnect the

time-slots of the two speech samples which may be on same or
different PCM highways.

 The digitalised speech samples are switched in two modes i.e Time
M Switching and Space Switching.

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [5]
 Fiber Optics Communication Principles
 Optical Fibre is new medium, in which information (voice, Data or
video) is transmitted through a glass or plastic fiber, in the form of light,
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following the transmission sequence give befow

• Information is encoded into electrical signals.

• Electrical signals are converted into light signal.
• Light travels down the fibre.
• A detector changes the light signals into electrical signals.
• Electrical signats are decoded into information.

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [6]
 ADVANTAGES OF FIBRE OPTICS

 Optical Fibers are non conductive (Being a dielectric) It cannot cause

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fire. Does not carry electricity, It cannot cause fire.

 Electromagnetic Immunity
 Large Bandwidth (>5.0 GHz for 1 km length)
 Low Loss (5 dB/km to 0.25 dB/km typical)
 Small Light weight cables
 Available in Long lengths (>12 km)
 Security (Highly secure transmission medium)
 Universal medium (Serve all communication needs)

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [7]
 Mobile Communication Principles
 Principles of Mobile Comunication provides an authoritative treatment
of the fundamentals of mobile communications, one of the tastest
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growing areas of the modem telecommunications industry.

• Cellular Principles:
 More capacity than a single large transmitter, since the same frequency
can be used for multiple links as long as they are different celis
 Mobile devices use less power than with a single transmitter or satelite
since the cell towers are closer.
 Larger coverage area than a single terrestrial transmitter, since
additional cell towers can be added indefinitely and are not limited by
the horizon.

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [8]
 GSM (Global System For Mobile Communication)
 It is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications
Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-
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generation digital cellular networks, used by mobile devices such as

tablets.
 “GSM” is a trademark owned by GSM association it may also refer to
the (initially) most common voice codec used, Full Rate.
 “GSM” is combination of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), FDMA
(Frequency Division Multiple Access) arid Frequency hopping.
 CDMA
 Code-division multiple acces(CDMA) is a channel access method used
by various radio communication technologies.
 CDMA is an example of multiple access, where several transmitters
can send information simultaneously over a single communication
channel.

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [9]
 GSM (Global System For Mobile Communication)
• GPRS:
 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data
standard on the 2G and 3G cellular communication network's global system for
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mobile communication (GSM)

 GPRS is a best-effort service, implying variable throughput and latency that
depend on the number of other users sharing the service concurrently
 In 2G systems, GPRS provides data rates of 56-114-Kbit/sec
• EDGE:
 It is a data system used on tap of GSM networks.
 It provides nearly three times faster speeds than the outdated GPRS system.
 The theoretical maximum speed is 473 kbps but it is typically limited to 135
kbps.
 EDGE is standardized also by 3GPP as part of the GSM tamily.
 EDGE can be usard for any packet switched application, such as an Intermet
connection.

Sunandan
Mr./Ms. Patra
ABC (2201109330)
(Regd# ETC 1401109333) [10]
 Conclusion
 Communication is essential for co-operation collaboration, co-ordination,
monitoring managing and messaging.
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 Telecom is the thesis for good communication, through which user can
transmit voice, data, and ultimately video.
 The history of relationship of telecommunication technology and
telecommunication services has been closely linked.
 Telecom technology becomes a critical element for all information.
 Telecom is considered to be the prime mover at least in the advanced
countries for economy commerce, social and cultural development
 The ultimate benefit of telecom is to distribute development more
equitably.
 Indeed on the average, digital communication capabilities have doubled
about every 5 years ever since 1850.

Mr./Ms.
SunandanABC (Regd#
Patra ETC 1401109333)
(2201109330) [11]
Parala Maharaja Engineering College

Mr./Ms. ABC (Regd# ETC 1401109333) [12]