Reading and Writing

Patterns of
Development
in Writing
 Objectives

1 2 3
The students should The students should The students should
be able to distinguish be able to find out the be able to write
different patterns of features of each paragraphs using
development in pattern of patterns of
writing. development. development.
Introduction
Writing can be difficult for
most students, especially if
they do not know how to
write coherently and
cohesively. Sentences and
paragraphs must
demonstrate relationships
when conveying the
writer's thoughts and ideas
 What is the pattern of
development?
A pattern of development is
how an academic paper is
put together from
paragraph to paragraph so
that the thesis and
evidence for it are
presented in a way that
makes sense and is easy to
Narration
A narration is a way to tell a story by
putting events in a logical order. It tells
what happened or describes a chain of
events that led to a conclusion or end.
It tells us what happened, where it
Narration
happened,isandthewhen.
pattern of development
of short stories, poems, fiction and non-
fiction books, films, and TV and radio
programs. When you describe a
narrative from a particular point of
view, you are engaging in the practice
of narrating.
DEFINITION
• Tells the reader what term
or concept is being
defined.
• Maybe formal or informal
in giving definition of a
term or concept.
• Common signal words: is
defined as, as defined as,
 Exemplification
Examples are often used in a wide
range of situations. In this pattern, the
writer explains the main idea by giving
a long example or a series of examples
that are each very specific.
Exemplification is a way to show or
explain what the rest or whole of
something is like.
 Exemplification
You've probably noticed that when you
read a lesson about a new topic, watch
a documentary, or listen to a classroom
discussion, the best parts are when
people give specific examples to back
up their points; it's mainly because we
tend to understand better through the
aid of examples and illustrations.
 Exemplification
Writers use examples a lot in all kinds
of writing to explain and make things
clear, add interest, and persuade.
Exemplification is what a writer does
when they use examples to help prove
or clarify a point.
 Exemplification
Some signal words used in
exemplification:
1. After all
2. As an example
3. For example
4. For instance
5. In other words
 CHRONOLOGY/
PROCEDURE PATTERN
• Organizes ideas or events
according to time.
• Can either be in the form of
narration or process.
• Some writers consider this also as
a narration pattern.
 CHRONOLOGY/
PROCEDURE PATTERN
Common signal words
are:
1. First
2. Second
3. Next
4. Then
5. Finally
 Description
A paragraph that employs description seeks to
convey to the reader the image of a person, an
object, a place, or a scenario through the use of
words. It relies significantly on sensory elements,
including sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste.
Objective subjective.Subjective
The two types of description are objective and
The focus of an Subjective
objective description shows
description is on how a writer feels
the thing being about the subject
described, not on and uses more
the writer's descriptive and
feelings, thoughts, richer language
 Description
Descriptive paragraph writing
genres:
1.Literary Analyses
2.Descriptive Essays
3.Business Plans
4.Laboratory Reports
5.Research Papers
 Comparison and
contrast
Is where the similarities
and differences of two or
more things are explored.
1. Instead 6. Also
2. However 7. Both
3. On the contrary 8.
Likewise
4. Nevertheless 9.
Similarly
 Cause and effect
A cause is something that
makes an event or condition
happen, and an effect is what
happens as a result. The
primary objective of cause
and effect in writing is to
figure out how different
things are related in terms of
their causes and effects.
Cause and effect
Common signal words:
1. As a result
2. Because
3. Consequently
4. Since
5. In view of
Problem-
solution
1.Organizes ideas into
problems and offers
solutions.
2.Problem answers the WH
questions.
3.Solutions present the
major effects of the
problem,
Problem-
solution
Some signal words:
1. One reason
2. One solution
3. One way is
4. The problem
5. As a solution
 Classification –
division
• CLASSSIFY – sorting or
arranging things.
• CATEGORIZE OR CREATE
DIVISION – according to
common or shared
characteristics.
 Classification –
division
Signal words:
1. Classified as
2. Another kind
3. One kind
4. The last group
5. Final type
 persuasion
• Shows how a set of
evidence leads to a
logical conclusion or
argument.
• Presents the issue,
position, supporting
evidence.
 persuasion
Signal words for
emphasizing a point:
1. In that case
2. Indeed
3. In fact
4. Again
5. With this in mind
 persuasion
Signal words for concluding and
summarizing:
1. All in all
2. As a whole
3. Finally
4. In conclusion
5. In short
 persuasion
Signal words for conceding a
point:
1. Obviously
2. Of course
3. It is true that
4. Certainly
5. To be sure
Performance Task
You need to use the four patterns of development from
Goal this lesson to make a portfolio of your writing.

You are an aspiring writer and you are applying to a

Your target audience for the writing portfolio that you are
Audience trying to create depends on the topic that you are going
to use.
You recently graduated from a university and are applying
Situation to be a creative writer for a well-known company in the
country.
You need to compile sample written works utilizing the
Product patterns of development, mainly narration, description,
cause and effect, and exemplification.
 Task Grading

15 25 10

The topic that has The use of patterns of The use of language
been chosen by the development follows and its mechanics is
students is interesting the standards from neat, easy to follow,
and relevant. the lesson. and clear.
Thank you for
listening!