Language Component &

Loop
By Aksadur Rahman
[email protected]
 Agenda
Arithmetic Operations
Operator Precedence
Math Functions
Indentation
If Statements
Logical Operators
Comparison/Relational/Conditional Operators
Assignment Operators
Ternary Operators
While Loops
Break & Continue Statement
Sum of n Numbers Program
For Loops
For-While Comparison
For with Range Function
Nested Loops
Arithmetic Operations
Arithmetic Operations

Example

val1 = 3
val2 = 2

print(val1 + val2)
print(val1 - val2)
print(val1 * val2)
print(val1 / val2)
print(val1 // val2)
print(val1 % val2)
print(val1 ** val2)
Operator Precedence

Operators Meaning

() Parentheses

** Exponent

Multiplication, Division,
*, /, //, %
Floor division, Modulus

+, - Addition, Subtraction

print(10+3*2**2+45)
 Math Functions/Module
Python math Functions
Python Math functions is one of the most used functions in Python Programming. In python there are
different built-in math functions. Beside there is also a math module in python.

x=2.9
print(round(x))
print(abs(-2.9))

Python math Module

Python has a built-in module that you can use for mathematical tasks. The math module has a set of
methods and constants.

import math

x=2.9
print(math.ceil(x))
print(math.floor(x))

https://www.w3schools.com/python/module_math.asp
 Python Indentation

Python Indentation
Indentation refers to the spaces at the beginning of a code line.

if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")
 If Statements
if statement
if statement is the most simple decision-making statement. It is used to decide whether a certain statement or block of
statements will be executed or not i.e if a certain condition is true then a block of statement is executed otherwise not.

if If……else If……elif……else
 If Statements
Example

if If……else If……elif……else
i = 10 i = 20 i = 20
if i < 15: if i == 10:
if i > 15: print("i is smaller than 15") print("i is 10")
print("10 is less than 15") print("i'm in if Block") elif i == 15:
print("I am Not in if") else: print("i is 15")
print("i is greater than 15") elif i == 20:
print("i'm in else Block") print("i is 20")
print("i'm not in if and not in else Block") else:
print("i is not present")
 Match Case
Example
num = 3
match num:
# pattern 1
case 1:
print("One")
# pattern 2
case 2:
print("Two")
# pattern 3
case 3:
print("Three")
# default pattern
case _:
print("Number not between 1 and 3")
Comparison/Relational/Conditional Operators
Comparison/Relational/Conditional Operators

Example:
a=9
b=5

print(a > b)
print(a < b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)
print(a >= b)
print(a <= b)
 Logical Operators

and
a = 10
b = 10
c = -10

if a > 0 and b > 0:

print("The numbers are greater than 0")

if a > 0 and b > 0 and c > 0:

print("The numbers are greater than 0")
else:
print("Atleast one number is not greater than 0")
 Logical Operators

or not
a = 10 a = 10
b = -10
c=0 if not (a%3 == 0 or a%5 == 0):
print("10 is not divisible by either 3 or 5")
if a > 0 or b > 0: else:
print("Either of the number is greater than 0") print("10 is divisible by either 3 or 5")
else:
print("No number is greater than 0")

if b > 0 or c > 0:
print("Either of the number is greater than 0")
else:
print("No number is greater than 0")
Assignment Operators
 Numeric Data Types
Python Number Types: int, float, complex
Complex
A complex number is a number with real and imaginary components. For example, 5 + 6j is a complex number
where 5 is the real component and 6 multiplied by j is an imaginary component.
Complex data types is used while developing scientific applications where complex mathematical operation is
required.

a=6+7j
print(a)
print(a.real)
print(a.imag)
print(type(a))

b=5+5j
print(a+b)
 While
Loops
A while loop statement in Python programming language repeatedly executes a target statement as
long as a given condition is true.

count = 0
while count < 9:
print('The count is:', count)
count = count + 1

print("Good bye!")
Sum of n Numbers Program

n = int(input("Enter the n Number:"))

sum = 0
i=1

while i <= n:
sum = sum + i
i = i +1

print(sum)
Break & Continue Statement

Break Continue
i=1 i=0
while i < 6: while i < 6:
print(i) i += 1
if i == 3: if i == 3:
break continue
i += 1 print(i)
sum = 0

while True:
num = input("Enter a Number: ")
if num == "quit":
break

try:
num = int(num)
except:
print("Enter a valid number please.")
continue
sum = sum + num
print(sum)
 For Loops
For Loops
A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence (that is either a list, a tuple, a dictionary, a set, or a string).
 For Loops

#Looping Through a String #Looping Through a list #The break Statement

#Exit the loop when x is "banana"
for x in "banana": fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(x) for x in fruits: fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(x) for x in fruits:
print(x)
if x == "banana":
break
#The continue Statement
#Do not print banana:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

for x in fruits:
if x == "banana":
continue
print(x)
 For-While Comparison
while for
num = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50] num = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
index = 0 for x in num:
n = len(num) print(x)
while index < n:
print(num[index])
index = index+1
 For with Range Function
The range() Function
To loop through a set of code a specified number of times, we can use the range() function,

#Using the range() function: #Using the start parameter: #Increment the sequence with 3 (default is 1):

for x in range(6): for x in range(2, 6): for x in range(2, 30, 3):

print(x) print(x) print(x)
 For with Enumerate

num = [30, 10, 70, 12]

for i, x in enumerate(num):
print(i, x)
 Nested Loops

adj = ["red", "big", "tasty"]

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

for x in adj:
for y in fruits:
print(x, y)