Theories and Principles

in the Use and Design

of Technology-Driven
Lessons
The varied theories and principles in the
use and design of technology-driven
INTRODUCTION
learning lessons is a critical factor in
promoting innovation in the instruct, and
the learning process relies particularly
upon their convictions on how individuals
adapt. Specifically, they have to know who
their students are and how to move toward
instruction. As a future teacher, your job is
to give learning encounters that will help
accomplish the target outcomes. In this
Lesson, you will be acquainted with various
theories and learning standards, for
example, Edgar Dale ‘s Cone of
Experience, the PACK Framework, and the
ASSURE model.
 In preparing to become a teacher, there
are elements that should be taken into
consideration.
One way of putting it is the 8M’s of
teaching and each element contributes to
ensuring effective instruction.
 THE 8 M’S OF
TEACHING
MILIEU - THE MATTER - THE METHOD - MATERIALS - THE
LEARNING SUBJECT CONTENT TEACHING- RESOURCE OF
ENVIRONMENT • The subject content
LEARNING LEARNING
• This consist of
• The classroom
must be mastered by STRATEGIES • Materials are
management and purposeful, planned important. It must be
the class. Some says activities and tasks
other school facilities "too much, too soon", it picked wisely by the
are the most done by the teachers teacher because it
means if you try to and learners in the
important, because it teach them too much will serve as an
helps the learners to classroom. Do it with example to his/ her
just for a day, they will such unique way of
rest and relax while probably be going home learners. All visuals
thinking. It must be planning and must be good and
without absorbing all organizing. You must
comfortable for them. your discussions. decent, it must be
not forget to apply well prepared.
Instead, teach them values and let them
with the right work with it, for them
information just enough, to become a wise and
for them to master it. good citizen someday.
"Little matter, but well
mastered”.
 THE 8 M’S OF
TEACHING
MEDIA - MOTIVATION - MASTERY- MEASUREMENT -
COMMUNICATION AROUSING AND INTERNALIZATION GETTING
IN TEACHING AND SUSTAINING OF LEARNING EVIDENCE OF
• This pertains to the • It is aINTEREST IN
cardinal principle
LEARNING
communication system LEARNING
in learning. We knew
• This is the function of LEARNING
• The final element of
in teaching- learning that the learners will teacher direction and teaching- learning
situation. The best learn only those he student self-activity sequence. this is to
example to this is how wants to learn. And if a with teacher measure the learning,
the teacher approaches student is not supervision. A learner retained in the mind
his/her students using interested, he will must not be forced to of the learners. And
verbal or non-verbal simply " go through the master all the lesson in order to measure
way of communication. motion". In order to in the book, but to it, they will undergo
The teacher must speak make them all learn and retain it in through tests which
well to his/her students, cooperative to the their minds. will yield the
give them respect also, lesson, you must think Whenever they heard evidence in form of
so they will respect you of a good and "catchy" a word, they can test score.
in return. motivation that will answer it even in
catch their attention. their own words
 TPACK
(TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL
CONTENT KNOWLEDGE )
a model that helps teachers
consider how their knowledge
domains intersect in order to
eff ectively teach and engage
students with technology
 TPACK OR TECHNOLOGICAL
PEDAGOGICAL
CONTENT
KNOWLEDGE L CONTENT
PEDAGOGICA
TECHNOLOGICA
L KNOWLEDGE
KNOWLEDGE
(CK) KNOWLEDGE
(PK) (TK)
• This describes teachers’ own • This describes teachers’ • This describes teachers’
knowledge of the subject matter. knowledge of the practices, knowledge of, and ability to use,
CK may include knowledge of processes, and methods various technologies,
concepts, theories, evidence, and regarding teaching and learning. technological tools, and
organizational frameworks within As a generic form of knowledge, associated resources. TK
a particular subject matter; it may PK encompasses the purposes, concerns understanding edtech,
also include the field’s best values, and aims of education, considering its possibilities for a
practices and established and may apply to more specific specific subject area or
approaches to communicating areas including the classroom, learning to recognize
this information to students. CK understanding of student when it will assist or impede
will also differ according to learning styles, classroom learning, and continually learning
discipline and grade level. management skills, lesson and adapting to new technology
planning, and assessment offerings
TPACK OR TECHNOLOGICAL
PEDAGOGICAL
TECHNOLOGICA
L CONTENT CONTENT
TECHNOLOGICA
L PEDAGOGICAL
(TCK) KNOWLEDGE (TPK)
KNOWLEDGE KNOWLEDGE

• This describes teachers’ • This describes teachers’

understanding of how understanding of how particular
technology and content can technologies can change both the
both influence and push against teaching and learning experiences
each other. TCK involves by introducing new pedagogical
understanding how the subject affordances and constraints.
matter can be communicated Another aspect of TPK concerns
via different edtech offerings, understanding how such tools can
and considering which specific be deployed alongside pedagogy
edtech tools might be best in ways that are appropriate to the
suited for specific subject discipline and the development of
matters or classrooms. the lesson at hand.
 THE ASSURE MODEL

The ASSURE model is a six-step

Instructional Systems Design
(ISD), intended to help teachers
utilize technology and media in
the classroom. ASSURE is a way
to ensure that the learning
environment is appropriate for
students. ASSURE can be used in
lesson plans to improve your own
teaching and your students’
learning while using technology.
 6 ESSENTIAL STEPS IN
PLANNING
1. ANALYZE
LEARNERS
INSTRUCTION
2. STATE
OBJECTIVES
3. SELECT
METHODS,
MEDIA AND
MATERIALS

• With the learner as the • This is the main instruction • Selecting the most
center of the instructional guide that will direct the appropriate way of
process, the initial flow to reach the target. delivering the lesson and
consideration is to get a Known as the learning using the applicable
clear picture of the outcome expected of the media or technology can
learners’ learning styles, lesson, this statement effectively make learners
age level, interest or describes what the learner acquire understanding of
preferences, background, would be able to perform as the lesson or gain the
special needs and cultural a result of the instruction. competence desired.
diversity.
 6 ESSENTIAL STEPS IN
PLANNING INSTRUCTION
4. UTILIZE 5. REQUIRE
METHODS, LEARNER 6. EVALUATE
MEDIA AND PARTICIPATIO STUDENT
MATERIALS N PERFORMANCE

• Requiring students to be • Assessing learners’ performance can

• It is very important to actively involved in the take place across phases of the
preview or use media and lesson will not only engage lesson. However, it is emphasize that
materials before your students, but will help them the basic rule is that the evaluation
lesson, especially when retain what they are should be congruent to the learning
using technology (smart- learning. Some ways to do outcome provided in the lesson.
board, document camera, this are to incorporate Some learning outcomes can be
streaming video), to make cooperative learning sufficiently evaluated using a pen
sure everything works structures, questioning, and pare test but there are other
appropriately. having discussions, or learning outcomes that can be
creating fun, hands-on assessed by using rubric or having a
activities, games and many aggregated write-up through the use
more. of a portfolio assessment.
 EDGAR DALE’S CONE
The model of Dale ‘s Cone of
OF EXPERIENCE
Experience integrates several
concepts associated with the
instructional model and learning
processes. He emphasized that
learners retain more information
by what they “do” as opposed to
what is “heard,” read,” or
“observed.” His studies caused
the improvement of the Cone to
revel. These days, this “learning
by doing” has become known as
“experiential learning” or “action
learning.”
 THE BANDS IN DALE’S CONE
1. DIRECT
PURPOSEFUL
OF EXPERIENCE
2. CONTRIVED
EXPERIENCES
3.
DRAMATIZED
EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCES

• it is the first-hand • In here we make use of a • Through dramatization

experience which serve as representative models or we can participate in a
the foundation of our mocks up of reality for reconstructed
learning. It is learning by practical reasons. experience, even though
doing. We build up our the original event is far
reservoir of meaningful removed from us in time.
information and ideas
through seeing, hearing,
touching, tasting and
smelling.
 THE BANDS IN DALE’S CONE
4.
DEMONSTRATION
OF EXPERIENCE
5. STUDY
TRIPS
6. EXHIBITS
S

• It is a visualized • these are excursions, • there are displays to be

explanation of an educational trips, and visits seen by spectators. They
important fact, idea or conducted to observe an may consist of working
process by the use of event that is unavailable models arranged
photographs, drawings, within the classroom. meaningfully or
films, displays or guided photographs with
motions models, charts, and
posters.
 THE BANDS IN DALE’S CONE
7. TELEVISION OF EXPERIENCE
8. VISUAL 9. VERBAL
AND MOTION
PICTURES SYMBOLS SYMBOLS

• television and motion • these are no longer realistic • they are not like the
pictures can reconstruct reproduction of physical objects or ideas for which
the reality of the past so things for these are highly they stand. they usually
effectively that we are abstract representations. do not contain visual
made to feel we are there. Examples are charts, clues to their meaning.
graphs, maps, and
diagrams.
 REFERENCE
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/batangas-state-
university/maed-technology-and-livelihood-education-
teaching/module-5-theories-and-principles-in-the-use-and-
design-of-technology-driven-lessons/54506756