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Basics of Computer

A computer is an electronic device that processes user input into meaningful information and provides output. It performs a wide range of tasks, from simple calculations to complex research, and utilizes various input and output devices to interact with users. Data storage is managed efficiently through primary memory (like RAM and ROM) and secondary memory, ensuring organized access and retention of information.

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2 views

Basics of Computer

A computer is an electronic device that processes user input into meaningful information and provides output. It performs a wide range of tasks, from simple calculations to complex research, and utilizes various input and output devices to interact with users. Data storage is managed efficiently through primary memory (like RAM and ROM) and secondary memory, ensuring organized access and retention of information.

Uploaded by

sushmita.dey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basics of Computer

Computer is Electronic Device that


receives input from the user, calculates,
processes the raw data into meaningful
information and provides the desired
results as output.
The computer was invented by
Charles Babbage. One should
wonder how a machine can
perform so many varieties of
tasks so efficiently.
The variety of tasks that a computer
can perform is highly versatile as the
functions and tasks performed can be
of a billion types ranging from simple
calculations to highly complicated
science researches.
The amount of data that a computer can
store is very vast and also the
management and accessing of data is
very organized and efficient. It also
avoids the loss of data.
This refers to collecting the data
and instructions being given by
the user. It can also be termed
as Data Capturing.
The data is required to be stored at
various levels while processing, before
processing, or even after processing to
store desired results. This is data
storage.
The input unit basically includes the input devices
and its operation is to take the input from the
user. The input data is not in machine language.
Therefore, the input unit converts it into the
language of the computer (binary code). Some
important input devices are Keyboard, Mouse,
Microphone, Scanner, Barcode Reader, Light Pen,
Joystick, etc.
The output unit basically involves the output
devices and its operation is to give the processed
information as an output on the computer. The
results of processing are always in binary code.
Humans cannot understand this code. Therefore
the output unit converts it into a form that we can
understand. Some important output devices are
Monitors (also called Visual Display Unit),
Speakers, Printers, etc.
memory of the computer which is present
internally. Here, the data and instructions
are stored while the processing is taking
place in the CPU. RAM (Random Access
Memory) is a primary memory which is
volatile (data is lost when the power is
disconnected). Another primary memory is
ROM(Read Only Memory).
As we know that the primary
memory is volatile therefore, we
need some devices to store the
data permanently so we use some
external storage devices for this
purpose which we name as the
secondary memory.
computer, they think of a personal
computer such as a desktop or laptop.
However, computers come in many shapes
and sizes, and they perform many different
functions in our daily lives. When you
withdraw cash from an ATM, scan groceries
at the store, or use a calculator, you're
using a type of computer.
A keyboard is the most common input
device. Several kinds of keyboards are
available, but they
resemble each other with
minor variations.
An operation, in computing, is an
action that is carried out to
accomplish a given task. There are
five basic types of computer
operations: inputting, processing,
outputting, storing and controlling.
The black arrows represent the data flow,
and the blue dotted lines represent the
control flow. The computer system receives
input instructions and data from users and
programs. When the system first accepts
the data, it stores the information in
memory (primary storage) and then makes
it available to the CPU for processing.

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