Information

communica
tion
technology
INTRODUCT
ION
 Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT)
• refers to all communication technologies, including the
internet, wireless networks, cell phones, computers,
software. video-conferencing, social networking and
other communication devices and services enabling
users to access, retrieve, store, protect , process,
transmit, and manipulate information in a digital form.
 Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT)
• INFORMATION refers to the knowledge obtained from
reading, investigation, study or research.

• Telephone, television and radio are the tools used to

transmit information.

• This helps us to fulfill our daily tasks.

 Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT)
• COMMUNICATION is an act of transmitting messages.

• A process whereby information is exchanged between

individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interactions.

• An important aspect to gain knowledge.

 Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT)
• TECHNOLOGY is the use of scientific knowledge,
experiences and resources to create process products to
meet the human needs

• An important aspect to communication.

HISTORY of ict
1. THE PREHISTORIC PERIOD
a. Period (…. S / d 3000 BC)
* At first humans developed information technology at this time serves as a
system for the introduction of the forms that they know.
*They describe the information they get on the walls of the cave, about
hunting and prey animals.
*At this time they began to identify objects that exist in the environment they
live and represent it with the forms which they then painted on cave walls tempa.t
they live, because of their ability to speak only about the form of voice grunts and
hand gestures as a form of their initial communication at this time.
*Further development is created and use the tools that generate sounds and
cues, such as drums, trumpets made of animal horn, or smoke signals as a means
of giving warning of danger.
HISTORY of ict
1. THE PREHISTORIC PERIOD
b. Period of 3000 BC
* For the first time used by the Sumerians writing
with symbols formed from pictograph as letters. Symbols
or letters also have a different sound form, so it can be
words, sentences and language.
HISTORY of ict
1. THE PREHISTORIC PERIOD
c. Historical Period (3000 BC s / d in 1400-
an M)
1) 2900 BC
The use of letters hierogliph on the ancient
Egyptians. Hierogliph a language of symbols
where each phrase is represented by different
symbols. When combined into one will have a
way of pronunciation and different meanings.
Heirogliph form of writing and language is more
advanced than Sumerian writing.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
a. Year 1455
The printing press that uses the letters are made of iron plate that can be changed
in a frame made of wood was developed for the first time by Johann Guntenberg.
b. Of 1830
* Augusta Lady Byron wrote the first computer program in the world to work with
Charles Babbage’s Analytical engine it uses.
* The tool is designed to be able to enter data, process data, and generate output
in the form of a card.
* This machine is known as a form of the first digital computer, although the way
it works is more mechanical than is digital, 94 years before the first digital computer
ENIAC 1 is formed.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
c. In 1837
* Samuel Morse developed the telegraph and Morse code language with Sir Wiliam
Cook and Sir Charles Wheatstone who sent electronically between two distant parties
through the cable connecting the two places.
* Sending and receiving of this information can be sent and received at almost the
same time this invention allows the information can be accepted and used widely by the
people unhampered by distance and time.
d. In 1861
* Moving images are projected onto a screen was first used as the precursor film is
now in ancient times as the projector is growing step on the screen.
* During the year 1876 was marked by figures who developed the Melvyl Dewey
decimal system of writing.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
e. During the year 1876 marked by figures who developed the
Melvyl Dewey decimal system of writing.
f. In 1877
* Alexander Graham Bell invented and developed the first time
used the phone in general.
* high-speed photography was invented by Edward Maybridge.
g. In 1899
* Used in tape storage system (tape) the first magnetic storage
but at this time is still analog not digital like the present.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
h. During the year 1923 was marked by Zvorkyn creating the first
television tubes.
i. In 1940
* Commencement of the development of science in the field of
information during World War 2, which is used for the benefit of sending and
receiving of military documents that are stored in the form of magnetic tape.
j. In 1945 Vannevar Bush developed a coding system
* using hypertext. Pada this period the use of hypertext has been
developed along with the development of website design is currently
evolving.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
k. During the 1946 period of this technology in the world’s first digital computer ENIAC
was developed although there’s no so much users, but computer technology has been used
certain agencies.
* high frequency microwave radio was developed to provide larger-capacity
communication channels for transmitting television signals
l. Year 1948
* Researchers at Bell Telephone developed the transistor.
m. Year 1957
* Jean Hoerni developed the planar transistor. This technology allows the development of
millions and even billions of transistors incorporated into a small piece of silicon crystal.
* USSR (Russia at the time) as the launching of Sputnik the first artificial earth satellite
who served as a spy. In return the U.S. to form the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
under the authority of the Department of Defense to develop science and information
technology in the military field.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
n. Year 1972
* Ray Tomlinson created the first e-mail program that is used to communicate
over long distances using teks. E-mail can be said as electronic mail.
o. Year 1973-1990
* The term Internet was introduced in a paper on TCP / IP and then made the
development of a network protocol known as TCP / IP was developed by a group
of DARPA.
* Pada the 1981 National Science Foundation to develop a backbone called
CSNET 56 Kbps capacity for each institution in pemerintahan.
* Kemudian in 1986, the IETF developed a server that serves as a
coordination tool including: DARPA, ARPANET, DDN, and Internet Gateway.
HISTORY of ict
2. MODERN PERIOD (1400-S AN M / D NOW)
p. Year 1991 –
* Now the business systems in the IT field first occurs when the CERN in
overcoming operational costs a fee from its members. In 1992 the establishment of the
Internet community, and then introduced the term World Wide Web (WWW) by CERN.
* Pada 1993, NSF established the InterNIC to provide Internet related services and
data storage directories and databases (by AT & T), registration services (by Network
Solutions Inc. ), and information services (by General Atomics / CERFNET).
* In 1994 the growth of the Internet drove very fast and began reaching into all
aspects of human life and a part that can not be separated from manusia.
* Tahun 1995, public enterprises began to be allowed into the provider by
purchasing network in this Backbone. Langkah began development of information
technology especially the internet and research to develop systems and more
sophisticated tools.
PROBLEM SET
Assignment
• Make a concept map on the Trends of ICT.