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Stat Week 1 Lesson 2

The document provides an overview of probability distributions for discrete random variables, including definitions, properties, and examples of constructing probability distributions. It includes exercises for identifying discrete and continuous variables, as well as constructing frequency and probability distributions based on experimental outcomes. Key concepts include the requirement that probabilities must be between zero and one, and the total sum of probabilities must equal one.

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camariglowelyn2008
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8 views

Stat Week 1 Lesson 2

The document provides an overview of probability distributions for discrete random variables, including definitions, properties, and examples of constructing probability distributions. It includes exercises for identifying discrete and continuous variables, as well as constructing frequency and probability distributions based on experimental outcomes. Key concepts include the requirement that probabilities must be between zero and one, and the total sum of probabilities must equal one.

Uploaded by

camariglowelyn2008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Learning Competency:

• Illustrates a probability distribution for a discrete


random variable and its properties
REVIEW
• A. Complete the following statements by writing the correct word.
• 1. The set of the possible outcomes of an experiment is called
_____.
• 2. A variable whose value is obtained by measuring is called
______.
• 3. A variable that can be discrete or continuous is _________.
• 4. Time it takes to finish the test is an example of ____________.
• 5. Getting a 1 in rolling a die is an example of _________.
REVIEW
• B. Classify whether the given experiment implies a discrete
random variable or a continuous random variable
• 1. Tossing three coins.
• 2. Collecting data about the weights of newborns in a lying-in
clinic.
• 3. Recording the distance travelled by the Lemery-Sara
jeepney.
• 4. Listing the number of cases due to Covid-19 in Iloilo City.
• 5. Number of students attending online class
Probability Distribution of a
Discrete Random Variable
• The probability distribution of a discrete random variable
X is a list of each possible value of X together with the
probability that X takes that value in one trial of the
experiment
• Consist of the values a random variable can assume and
the corresponding probabilities of the values.
• The probabilities are determined theoretically or by
observation.
Properties of Probability Distribution
• 1. Each probability must be between zero and one

• 2. The sum of all probabilities is one.


CONSTRUCTING PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
• Using Tossing a Coin Three Times in our previous lesson.

Steps Solution

1. List the sample space


Steps Solution
2. Count the number
of Heads in each Sample Space Number of
outcome and Heads (x) The values of
assign this number to TTT 0 random variable
this outcome. TTH 1 H(No. of Heads)
THT 1 are 0, 1, 2, and 3
HTT 1
HTH 2
HHT 2
THH 2
HHH 3
Steps Solution
3. Construct the
frequency No. of Heads No. of Occurrence
distribution of the (Value of Heads) (Frequency)
values of 0 1
the random
variable H. 1 3
2 3
3 1
Total 8
Steps Solution
4. Construct the
probability No. of Heads No. of Probability
distribution of the (Value of Heads) Occurrence
random (Frequency)
variable H by 0 1 1/8
getting the
probability of 1 3 3/8
occurrence of
each value of the 2 3 3/8
random
variable. 3 1 1/8

Total 8 1
No. of Heads No. of Probability
(Value of Occurrence
Heads) (Frequency)
0 1 1/8
1 3 3/8
2 3 3/8
3 1 1/8
Total 8 1
The probability distribution of the random variable H
can be written as follows:
H 0 1 2 3
P(H) 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8
Steps Solution
5. Construct 4
the
probability 3
histogram.
2
P(H)
1

0 H
0 1 2 3
ACTIVITY
• Direction: Complete the table below by constructing and
illustrating the probability distribution of defective cell phone
using our previous example.
STEPS SOLUTION
1. List the sample space

2. Count the number of


Defective cell phone
in each outcome and
assign this number to this
outcome.
STEPS SOLUTION
3. Construct the frequency
distribution of the values of
the given random variable.
4. Construct the probability
distribution of the given
random variable by getting
the probability of
occurrence of each value of
the random variable.
STEPS SOLUTION
5. Construct the probability
histogram.
THINK ABOUT THIS!
• What do you notice about the probability values of
random variable in each probability distribution?
• What is the sum of the probabilities of a random
variable?
• Why should the sum of the probabilities in a
probability distribution is always equal to 1?
• What is the shape of most probability distributions?
Why do you think so?
Additional Activity
• Number of Defective COVID-19 Rapid Antibody Test
Kit .Suppose three test kits are tested at random. Let
D represent the defective test kit and let N represent
the non-defective test kit. If we let X be the random
variable for the number of defective test kits,
construct the probability distribution of the random
variable X.
Suppose three test kits are
tested at
Sample No. of Non-
random
Values of Freqency Probability
Space defective test kit Random Distribution
(Random Variable) Variable

DDD 0 0 1 1/8
DDN 1 1 3 3/8
DND 1 2 3 3/8
DNN 2 3 1 1/8
NDD 1
NDN 2
NND 2
NNN 3
Steps Solution
5. Construct 4
the
probability 3
histogram.
2
P(N)
1

0 N
0 1 2 3
ASSESSMENT
• Determine whether the following are probability
Distribution or not.
• 1. x 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(x) 1/6 1/6 1/6 1/6 1/6 1/6

• 2. x 0 1 2 3
P(x) 1/8 3/8 2/8 1/8
ASSESSMENT
• Determine whether the following are probability
Distribution or not.
• 3. x P100 P200 P500 P1000
P(x) 0.40 0.20 0.30 0.10

• 4. x 0 1 2 3
P(x) 0.729 0.243 1.027 0.001
ASSESSMENT
• Determine whether the following are probability
Distribution or not.
• 5. x 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.18 0.40

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