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Components of Computers

The document provides an overview of computer components, distinguishing between hardware and software. It details various hardware components such as input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse), output devices (e.g., printer, monitor), processors, and storage types. Additionally, it explains that software consists of instructions that enable computers to operate, contrasting it with the tangible nature of hardware.

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Gene Peralta
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13 views23 pages

Components of Computers

The document provides an overview of computer components, distinguishing between hardware and software. It details various hardware components such as input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse), output devices (e.g., printer, monitor), processors, and storage types. Additionally, it explains that software consists of instructions that enable computers to operate, contrasting it with the tangible nature of hardware.

Uploaded by

Gene Peralta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPONENTS OF COMPUTERS

COMPUTER

A computer is an electronic device that


manipulates information or data. It has the ability
to store, retrieve, and process data. It contains
both hardware components and software
applications.
HARDWARE VS SOFTWARE

The hardware components of a computer


system are the electronic and mechanical
parts.
The software components of a computer
system are the data and the computer
programs.
HARDWARE COMPONENTS

 The hardware pertains to the computer's physical devices It is any part of the
computer that can be seen and touched.
 A computer's hardware consists of interrelated electronic devices that are used to
manipulate the computer's operation
 Input Devices,
 Output Devices,
 Processors,
 Main Memory, and;
 Secondary Memory
INPUT DEVICES

 Input devices enter or send data and instructions from the user or from another computer
system on the internet while output devices send back the administered data to the user or to
another computer system.
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Trackball
 Touchpad
 Microphone
 Scanner
 Digital camera
 PC video camera
KEYBOARD

 A keyboard is one of the


primary input devices used
with a computer. Like an
electric typewriter, a
keyboard is composed of
buttons to create letters,
numbers, and symbols,
and perform additional
functions.
MOUSE

 A mouse is a small device


that a computer user
pushes across a desk
surface in order to point to
a place on a display screen
and to select one or more
actions to take from that
position.
TRACKBALL

A trackball is a pointing
device featuring a ball held by
a socket containing sensors to
detect rotation of the ball.
This design allows users to
control cursor movement on
the screen without moving
the entire device.
TOUCHPAD

 A touchpad is a flat,
touch-sensitive device
that replaces the mouse
on laptops and
netbooks, allowing you
to control the cursor and
perform other actions.
MICROPHONE

A microphone is a device that


translates sound vibrations in the
air into electronic signals and
scribes them to a recording medium
or over a loudspeaker.
 Microphones enable many types of
audio recording devices for
purposes including communications
of many kinds, as well as music
vocals, speech and sound recording.
SCANNER

 A scanner is a device that allows


you to digitize physical
documents, images, or even
objects, and convert them into a
digital format that can be viewed,
edited, and stored on a computer.
 It's like a digital photocopier that
captures the content of a
document or image and saves it as
a file.
DIGITAL CAMERA

It is a type of
camera that
records images
that can be looked
at on a computer
PC VIDEO CAMERA

It is a digital camera


that captures video
and audio data and
transmits it in real-
time over the internet.
OUTPUT DEVICES

An output device is any hardware component that


transmits information to one or more people. The
three commonly used output devices are as follows:
 Printer
 Monitor
 Speaker
PRINTER

A printer is a device
that accepts text and
graphic output from
a computer and
transfers the
information to paper,
MONITOR

 A computer monitor is an
electronic device that shows
pictures for computers. Monitors
often look like smaller televisions.
The main difference between a
monitor and a television is that a
monitor does not have a television
tuner to change channels.
Monitors often have higher display
resolution than televisions.
TYPES OF MONITOR

 Cathode ray tube (CRT) - is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun at one end and a fluorescent screen at
another end. From this electron gun, a process called thermionic emission generates a strong beam of
electrons. These electrons travel through a narrow path within the tube with high speed using various
electromagnetic devices and finally strike the phosphor points present on the fluorescent screen, thus
creating an image. Monitors employ the CRT technology used most commonly in the manufacturing of
television screens. A stream of intense high-energy electrons is used to form images on a fluorescent screen.
 Liquid crystal display (LCD) - is a flat-panel display that consists of a layer of color or monochrome pixels
arranged schematically between a couple of transparent electrodes and two polarizing filters. Optical effect is
achieved by polarizing the light in varied amounts and making it pass through the liquid crystal layer.
 Light-emitting diode (LED)-is a flat-panel display that uses light-emitting diodes for backlighting. The display
is of LCD only but the backlighting is done by LEDs. LED monitors are said to use much lesser power than CRT
and LCD, Thus, they are also considered environment-friendly.
SPEAKER

 Speakers are standard


output devices used with
computer systems that
enable the listener to
listen to a sound as an
outcome.
PROCESSORS

A processor is an integrated circuit that


performs mathematical calculations and
logical operations. In older computer
systems, the central processing unit (CPU)
was solely responsible for executing all
computations.
MAIN STORAGE

It is also known as main memory, is a computer


component that stores data, programs, and
instructions currently in use.
SECONDARY STORAGE

Secondary storage devices are used as a


means for users to permanently store data
separate from the computer system itself.
SOFTWARE

Software is a set of instructions or data that tells a


computer how to operate. Unlike physical hardware,
which consists of the tangible components of a
computer (like the CPU, hard drive, and RAM),
software is intangible—it exists as code, enabling
computers to perform specific tasks.

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