CHAPTER ONE

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION

 We are living in a world, which is totally networked with communication. With the advent
of fast technology, the world has become a global village. The information sharing among
various groups in society at national and international levels has become very smooth,
effective and efficient.
 The integration of the world economy has been made possible with strong and efficient
channel of communication.
 Communication is perhaps as old as the human civilization
 The common need for protection and security lead to group life
 Then communication was evolved in the form of sounds, indications, signals, symbol and
expressions.
 Gradually people were able to shape their attitudes, norms, values culture, religion,
etc through communication
 Science entered the field and new forms of oral, written and audio visual communication
developed.
 Therefore, The development of communication is inseparable from the development of
human civilization.
Meaning of Communication

The term communication is derived from the Latin

word “communicare”, which means to make
common or to share. Literally, to communicate
means to tell, show, spread and inform
 It is process by which people attempt to share meaning (ideas, feeling, experience,
knowledge, skill, etc) for some purpose through the transmission of symbolic
messages.
 It is a process of exchange of facts, ideas, and opinions and as a means that
individual or organization share meaning and understanding with one another.
 It is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions, or emotions by two or more persons.
 It is the life blood of any organization and its main purpose is to effect change to
influence action.
Business Communication
Business communication is an interactive dialogue between the company and its
customers.and also flow of information, perception etc. either within a
business organization or outside the organization among different
partiesis
 it used for all messages that we send and receive for official purpose
like running a business, managing an organization, conducting the
formal affairs of a voluntary organization and so on.
Generally in business organizations we use communication to coordinate
the efforts of individuals towards achievement of objectives.
Our working definition of communication calls attention to the following
five essential points.
1. Communication is a process
it refers to a series of activities to be accomplished in a sequence
2. Communication is purposeful
When senders - receivers communicate the sender originally should have
an objective to be checked at the end of the communication process
Cont.,
3. Communication involves people
Communication shows the degree of understanding
among senders-receivers and how they relate to each
other
4. Communication involves shared meaning
The symbols and terms used by the sender should be
similarly interpreted by the receiver in order to ensure
equal or similar understanding between them
5. Communication is symbolic
In communication symbols such as, letters, numbers,
words, gestures, sound, etc can only represent or
approximate the ideas they are meant to communicate.
Nature/ Characteristic of Communication

There are three basic characteristics of communication

1 Dynamism
 Every communication event starts from a series of past
events with a series of new ones.
it is affected by prior attitudes, planned thoughts and
people to whom the message is addressed.
 It is thus a dynamic phenomenon without beginning,
without end,
That means its continually responding and
continually changing.
Cont..
2 Uniqueness
 No two communication events are a like,
which means communication depend on the
change in the sender attitude, the audience,
delivery, time situation etc.
Therefore, people come from a variety of
different background,enviroments and
culture.
Cont..
3 Transactional Nature
Communication scholars mentioned that in
communication all persons are engaged or
participate in sending(encoding) and receiving
(decoding) messages simultaneously.
Each person is affecting the other.
 Each communication transaction involves
relative exchanges of feelings, meanings, ideas
and responses.
Purpose of communication
For instruction: The instructive function unvarying and
importantly deals with the commanding nature.It is more or less of
directive nature.
For integration: It is consolidated function under which
integration of activities is endeavored.it mainly involves to bring about
inter-relationship among the various functions of the business
organization.
For information: it is to inform the individual or group about the
particular task or company policies and procedures.
For evaluation: Examination of activities to form an idea or
judgment of the worth of task is achieved through communication.
For direction: Communication is necessary to issue directions by
the top management or manager to the lower level. Employee can
perform better when he is directed by his senior.
cont..
For influencing: A complete communication process is
necessary in influencing others or being influenced. The individual
having potential to influence others can easily persuade adopt to
others.
For image building: A business enterprise cannot isolate from the
rest of the society. There is interrelationship and interdependence
between the society and an enterprise operating in the society.
For employees’ orientation: When a new employee enter into
the organization at that time he or she will be unknown to the
organization programs, policies, culture etc.
For teaching: A complete communication process is required to
teach and educate workers about personal safety on the jobs.
Other: Effective communication helps the process of decision-
making.
Role and Importance of
Communication
The ability to communicate with others is an essential
attribute of human life and we are all of us deal with
communication tasks most of the time we are awake.
 communication has been characterized as the “life-
blood” of an organization.
its daily functioning on an interrelated element of
communication network.
It has proved itself indispensable.

“No person is an Island’’

 all the people of the world rely upon another for
products, services, ideas, etc.
Importance of Communication for personal life

There are three specific communication

that serves in personal life those are.
Job Success
Personal Satisfaction
Meeting Social and Ethical obligations
Cont..
Job Success
one person learn the art of human relations
to effectively communicate her/his ideas,
experiences, skills and feelings.
It is keys to individual and organizational
success are technical ability and
understanding of people
Cont..
Personal Satisfaction
Mastery on a certain area goes beyond
vocational success or promotion, i.e. personal
satisfaction. Thus communication skill can be
a source of personal satisfaction, particularly
in the areas of art such as writing, painting,
etc.
Cont..
• Meeting Social and Ethical
obligations
.A person may be in conflict with him/herself, with
other people, and/or with the community at large.
.The communication people continue adjusting
profitably to themselves, to other people, to the
environment in which they live and work
.It is a means of winning respect and confidence
from other people or from the community at large.
Importance of Communication at Organization
level
Importance of Communication at Organization level

Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling

Communication

External environment
Customers
Suppliers
Government
Community
Others
Communication
Information fromhas five basic functions
others of management
helps formulate plans
.information provided to others defines job
assignments and helps organize work.
.information on standards, progress and personal
factors fulfills the directing function; while
.information in the form of written and oral
progress reports is a fundamental element in
controlling.
. Communication is a linking process that enables
each of the basic functions of management to be
carried.
Role of communication in an organization
Directives Communicate Employees Employees Productivity
Motivation on Perceptions Job Quality
Quantity
Ability And Performance Personnel
Resources Attitudes e Related costs
No personnel
related costs
Cont…
, organizations want to improve productivity
by maximizing the quality and quantity of
work completed and minimizing the
personnel and non-personnel costs involved
in work performance.
 the four major factors that influence an employee’s
performance

1. The employee’s motivation to do

the job.

2. The directions the employee

receives concerning what to do and
how to do it.

3. The ability of the employee to do

the job.
Cont..
 employees have attitudes toward all
elements of their work lives their jobs, their
working conditions, their supervisors their
coworkers, their promotional opportunities
their pay and benefits, and so on

 Those attitudes influence their willingness

to work effectively and their commitment to
the organization’s goals and objectives.
The End

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