CHAPTER 2

NATION AND NATIONALISM

 CONCEPT MAP
Nation and
Nationalism
Nation Nationalism

is a belief,
Is a
Relation of Nation and Nationalism creed or
community
political
that are
* 1st theory: traces the root of the nation and national identity ideology
believed to
to existing and deep rooted features of a group of people like that involves
share link
race, language, religion, and others which is called an individual
with one
primordialism. identifying
another
• 2 theory: states that nation, national identity and
nd
with, or
based on
nationalism are products of the modern condition and are becoming
cultural
shaped by modernity. attached to,
practices,
• 3 theory: often reffered to as the constructive approach
rd
one’s nation
language,
A nation state is a system toof
understanding nationalism.
organization where the people with a common identity live and it
religion or
inside a country with firm boarders and a single government. A regulatory one as the involves
belief
chief factor in global independence providing the identity and institutions to govern and social
system,
secure the interests of the nation: conditioning
and
(a) Nationalism and the idea of the nation state emerged within the culturally and and personal
historical
regionally diverse groups in Europe; behaviors
experience
(b) Due to industrialization and transformation of society, there emerged a middle class that support
s.
consisting businessmen, working professionals, industrialists, laborers, and a state’s
working class people decicions
The development and explanatory models of the origin of state and and actions.
the nation state
As the state and nation have been talked about its origin, scholars have advanced the
hypothesis that the nation state was an inadvertent by product of 15 th century
intellectual discoveries in political economy, capitalism, mercantilism, political
geography, and geography combined together with cartography and advances in map
making technologies. There are explanations that nation existed first, then nationalists
movements arose for sovereignty, and the nation-state was created. Some
“modernization theories” of nationalism see it as a products of government policies to
 3

VOCABULARIES:
*Bayan/banua- indigenous filipino
concepts of community and territory that
may be related to nationalism
*Nation- a group of people with a shared
language, culture, and history
*Nation-building- a project undertaken
with the goal of strengthening the bond of
the nation
*Patriotism- a feeling of attachment to
one’s homeland
*sovereignty- the authority to govern a
polity without external
interference/incursions
4 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
NATION-STATE:

1.Sovereignty
2.Land
3.Population
4.Government
 5

NATION AND BAYAN

Spanish documents of the 16th – 18th centuries point to static

political organization in the Philippines that predated the
Spanish presence there. Documents in the indigenous
language TAGALOG point in a different direction to a fluid,
evolving reality represented by the word BAYAN. The fluidity
of bayan allowed it to define the transformations that took
place from wilderness to nation. While forces have sought
over the past four centuries to concretize political realities,
bayan has remained the locus for representation and
meaning for Filipinos.
Andres Bonifacio y de Castro – first anti - colonial revolution in Asia.
-“The Father of the Philippine Revolution”
-Filipino Freemason and revolutionary leader.
- leader of the Katipunan.
enedict Anderson – he traces the history as imagine communities to
nlightenment when European society began challenging the supposed
ivinely ordained dynastic regimes of monarchies.

irgilio Enriquez, Prospero Covar, Zeus Salazar – attempted to identify

nd differentiate local categories for communities and social relations.

ikolohiyang Pilipino &Bagong Kasaysayan – indigenous intellectual

ovements that introduced the concepts of “kapwa” and “bayan” that
an enrich discussions about nationalism in the context of the
hilippines.
APWA- is the important concept in the countrys social relations.
 7

EMILIO JACINTO Y DIZON

was an eloquent and brave young man who was known as both the soul and the brain of
the Katipunan.

Kartilya ng Katipunan emphasizes patriotism, love of one’s fellowmen, and the

importance of honor and dignity through virtuous living. It also implies that it is the internal
capabilities of humans that determine their greatness, rather than their external capabilities.

Liwanag at dilim - is the political, philosophical and literary masterpiece. He provides

an analysis of the text, and interprets Jacinto’s challenge to leaders of the Philippines in our
current context. The aim is to educate and enlighten the whole Filipino race about their sacred
duty and obligation to uphold the rule of law and treasure the tenets of love, loyalty, and above
all, patriotism.
A. STATE AND GOVERNMENT 8

The Katipunan was established by the supreme council, which was led by their appointed president and
was accompanied by the secretary, treasurer, physical, and councilor in various areas. Structure’s role is
prompted them to form the organization.

B. LEADERSHIP

They see LEADERSHIP as something right and just, as a leader that is always thinking about
the enhancement of his nation and his people.

C. IN NATION
The Katipunan has a faithful understanding of the concept of a fiipino nation. Katipunan are
group of people who fight for our country to the colonize of the Espanol, united by common
human values and nationalistic ideas who fight for the Filipino nation’s independence.

D. REFLECTION
A Katipunero’s kindness is shown by the support and affection he or she provides to others.
 CHAPTER 3: REMEMBERING RIZAL
VOCABULARIES

arian groups – socio – political movements who generally believe in the coming of a major social
mation with the establishment of the Kingdom of God

ista – a religious movement that believes in the divinity of Jose Rizal

Rex Al – the Latin name of Jose Rizal according to Rizalistas; Jove means God; Rex means King; and Al m
ing, All of God

um – a term used to refer to secret societies that fought against the colonial government in the Philippine

nization – the act declaring a dead person as a saint