HOME AUTOMATION

USING 8051
MICROCONTROLLER
Rutuja D
Index -

◦ Introduction
◦ Overview of 8051 Microcontroller
◦ Block Diagram
◦ Components Requirements
◦ Bluetooth Module (HC-05)
◦ Relay Driver
HOME AUTOMATION -
◦Home automation refers to the use of technology to control and
automate household appliances and features. This can include
lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and security systems.
◦Home automation refers to the use of technology to control and
automate various aspects of a home, allowing homeowners to
manage different devices and systems remotely or through
automated processes. It encompasses a wide range of
functionalities, from simple tasks like turning lights on and off to
complex systems that manage security, temperature,
entertainment, and more.
8051 Microcontroller (AT89S52) :-
◦ The 8051 microcontroller is a popular and widely used
microcontroller chip introduced by Intel in the 1980s. It's
part of the MCS-51 family and has become a standard in
embedded systems due to its versatility and ease of use.
◦ Architecture : The 8051 microcontroller consists of a
CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports, timers/counters and serial
communication ports.
◦ Features: It includes low power consumption, on-chip
oscillator, multiple I/O ports and various modes of
operation, making it suitable for diverse automation tasks.
◦ Programming: It involves writing and uploading codes in
assembly language or high-level languages, such as C, to
control the behavior of the home automation system.
BLOCK DIAGRAM-

Bluetooth module
(HC-05)

2- Channel Relay 8051 light

driver module µController
Components Required-
• 8051 microcontroller

• Bluetooth Module HC05

• Relay

• Bulb

• Wire

• Android phone

• Bluetooth controller app Android app

• 10uf capacitor

• 1000uf capacitor

• 10K resistor

• 1k resistor

• Power Supply
 HC-05 Bluetooth Module
◦ Functionality: The HC-05 Bluetooth module
provides wireless communication capability for
the home automation system, allowing
seamless connectivity with smartphones,
tablets, and other devices for remote control
and monitoring.
◦ Communication: The module uses Bluetooth
technology to establish a reliable, low-power
wireless link between the 8051 microcontroller
and external devices.
◦ Control: With the HC-05 module, the home
automation system can be controlled remotely
through Bluetooth-enabled devices, providing
convenience and flexibility in managing various
 Relay Driver -
◦ Relay Basics: Relays are electromechanical
switches that can be used to control the
power supply to electrical devices. The 2-
channel relay driver in the home
automation system allows the 8051
microcontroller to switch high-power loads,
such as lights, fans, and other appliances.•
◦ Control of Electrical Devices: The relay
driver facilitates the control of electrical
devices by providing isolation between the
low-voltage control signals from the
microcontroller and the high-voltage power
lines, ensuring safety and reliability in the
smart home setup.
Project Circuit Diagram-
Working Project Photos-

◦ After

◦ Before
 System Design and Workflow-
1.Hardware Setup:
1. Connect the 8051 microcontroller to relays/actuators for controlling appliances.
2. Interface the Bluetooth module with the microcontroller for wireless communication.
3. Optionally, connect sensors to monitor environmental conditions or trigger automated
actions.
2.Bluetooth Communication:
1. Set up the Bluetooth module for communication with the mobile device using serial
communication protocols (like UART).
2. Establish a connection between the mobile app and the Bluetooth module of the system.

3.Microcontroller Code:
1. Write code for the 8051 microcontroller to handle Bluetooth communication protocols.
2. Implement logic to receive commands from the mobile device and control the connected
appliances accordingly (turn on/off, adjust settings, etc.).
4.Mobile App Development:
1. Develop a mobile app (for Android/iOS) to send control signals to the Bluetooth
module.
2. Design a user-friendly interface with buttons, sliders, or other controls to
interact with the system.

5.User Interaction:
3. Users can pair their mobile device with the Bluetooth module of the home
automation system.
4. Using the mobile app, users can send commands (like turning on lights,
controlling temperature, etc.) to the system via Bluetooth.

6.Testing and Debugging:

5. Test the entire system to ensure proper communication and functionality.

6. Debug any issues encountered during testing, such as connectivity or control
problems.
Software Components -
◦ Proteus 8 is a powerful tool for electronic design and
simulation, offering a comprehensive platform for circuit
development and testing. Its ability to simulate both
digital and analog circuits, along with microcontroller
simulation, makes it a valuable tool for engineers,
students, and hobbyists alike.
Its advantages are intelligent principle layout, hybrid
circuit simulation and accurate analysis, single-chip
software debugging, single-chip and peripheral circuit co-
simulation, PCB automatic layout and wiring
In this project, I have used this software to construct my
circuit diagram to test my results.
Keil IDE-
◦ The Keil µVision IDE (Integrated
Development Environment) is a popular
software development tool used primarily
for embedded systems development.
Developed by ARM, Keil µVision provides a
comprehensive platform for creating,
building, debugging, and simulating
embedded applications for various
microcontrollers.
◦ Keil µVision's comprehensive set of tools
and its compatibility with various
microcontrollers make it a preferred choice
for developers working on embedded
systems, enabling efficient development,
testing, and debugging of firmware and
applications for microcontroller-based
Safety Considerations:

• Implement safety measures in the system to prevent hazards, like overloading

circuits or short circuits.
• Ensure secure communication between the mobile device and the home automation
system to prevent unauthorized access.

User Manual and Documentation:

• Provide clear instructions or a user manual on how to use the mobile app and operate
the home automation system.
• Include troubleshooting tips and safety guidelines in the documentation.
Applications -
◦ Home automation projects offer a multitude of advantages that cater to convenience, energy
efficiency, safety, security, and overall comfort within a home. Here are some key advantages:

1.Remote Control: Manage home devices and systems remotely using smartphones or internet-
connected devices.

2.Scheduled Tasks: Automate routine activities such as turning lights on/off, adjusting thermostat
settings, etc., based on schedules or triggers.

3.Voice Control: Utilize voice assistants (like Alexa, Google Assistant) for hands-free operation of
home devices.

4.Smart Energy Management: Optimize heating, cooling, and lighting systems for energy savings.

5.Automated Controls: Turn off lights, adjust thermostats, or power down devices when not in use.

6.Energy Monitoring: Track energy consumption to identify and reduce wastage.

 Developing a Bluetooth Controlled Home Automation System using an
8051 microcontroller requires expertise in both hardware and software
development. It's essential to consider safety, reliability, and user-
friendliness while designing and implementing the system. Thorough
testing and documentation are crucial for a successful project.

• Key Takeaways: Highlighting the core benefits, lessons learned, and

important aspects to consider from the exploration of home automation using
the 8051 microcontroller and associated components.
• Future Possibilities: Exploring potential advancements, integration with
emerging technologies, and possibilities for further innovation in the field of
home automation using the 8051 microcontroller.