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1 LIMITS (Tables and Graphs)

The document discusses the concept of limits in algebraic functions, emphasizing their importance in calculus as they describe the behavior of functions as variables approach specific values. It provides examples of how to express limits mathematically and illustrates the process of finding limits using tables and graphs. Additionally, it highlights the distinction between limits and direct evaluation of functions.

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Karen Mangadlao
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7 views28 pages

1 LIMITS (Tables and Graphs)

The document discusses the concept of limits in algebraic functions, emphasizing their importance in calculus as they describe the behavior of functions as variables approach specific values. It provides examples of how to express limits mathematically and illustrates the process of finding limits using tables and graphs. Additionally, it highlights the distinction between limits and direct evaluation of functions.

Uploaded by

Karen Mangadlao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LIMITS

of Algebraic Functions
using Tables and Graphs
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, learners
are expected to:
1. illustrate the limit of a function using table
of values and graph of the function
(STEM_BC11LC-IIIa-1); and
2. distinguish between
(STEM_BC11LC-IIIa-2).
What is a
LIMIT?
Limits are the backbone of
calculus, and calculus is called
the Mathematics of Change. The
study of limits is necessary in
studying change in great detail.
The evaluation of a particular limit is
what underlies the formulation of the
derivative and the integral of a
Imagine that you are going to watch a
basketball game. When you choose seats,
you would want to be as close to the action
as possible. You would want to be as close to
the players as possible and have the best
view of the game, as if you were in the
basketball court yourself. Take note that you
cannot actually be in the court and join the
players, but you will be close enough to
describe clearly what is happening in the
This is how it is with limits of functions. We
will consider functions of a single variable
and study the behavior of the function as its
variable approaches a particular value
(a constant). The variable can only take
values very, very close to the constant,
but it cannot equal the constant itself.
However, the limit will be able to describe
clearly what is happening to the
function near that constant.
How to illustrate
limits
of a function
The limit of a function 𝑓(𝑥) is the value
it approaches as the value of 𝑥

of 𝑓(𝑥) as 𝑥 approaches c is L.”


approaches a certain value. “The limit

This is written in symbols as follows:


EXAMPLE:
Express in mathematical symbol:
Limit of the function (𝑥 + 3 ) as 𝑥
approaches 2 is equivalent to 5.
𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙 +𝟑 )=𝟓
𝒙→𝟐
EXAMPLE:
Express in mathematical symbol:
Limit of the function () as 𝑥
approaches 1 is equivalent to 2.

( )
2
𝑥 −1
𝐥𝐢𝐦 =𝟐
𝒙→𝟏 𝑥−1
How to
solve for thelimits
of a function
One sided limit is the value (𝐿) as
the 𝒙 value gets closer and closer to a
certain value 𝒄 from one side only
(either from the left or from the right
side). In symbols,
EXAMPLE:
With the given function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 +
3, solve for its limit when 𝑥
approaches 2 and graph the
function.𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙 +𝟑 )
𝒙→𝟐
SOLUTION:
Step 1: Create two tables of value, one for
the inputs that approaches 2 from the
left and the other is for the inputs that
gets closer to 2 from the right side.
𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙 +𝟑 )
−
𝐥𝐢𝐦
+¿
𝒙→𝟐 𝒙→𝟐 ( 𝒙 +𝟑 ) ¿
SOLUTION:
Step 2: Choose 𝑥 − 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 that approach 2
from the left side and also from the
right side. Remember that we cannot
choose 2 because we are dealing with
limits.
SOLUTION:

After choosing 𝑥 − 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 that approach 2


from the left and from the right side,
evaluate each input to its
corresponding function and solve for
its corresponding output.
SOLUTION:
Step 3: Now that the output values on both
tables are solved, notice that it
approach 5 as the inputs gets closer
and closer to 2. We can illustrate both
tables as one sided𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙 +𝟑 )=𝟓
limits
−
𝒙→𝟐
from =5
the left and from the right.
SOLUTION:
Step 4: Since both one sided limits from the

therefore the limit of the function 𝑥 + 3


left and right side is equivalent to 5,

as 𝑥 gets closer and closer to 2 is 5.


In symbols,
=5
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
1. Investigate
2. Solve for
3. Evaluate
4. Solve for
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
5. Investigate through a table of values

if
if
if
Always remember that if the limit
value from the left side is not equal
to the limit value from the right,
then the limit Does Not Exist or DNE.

In symbols, if then
as evaluating a function 𝒇(𝒄) because
The limit of a function is not the same

they are different in terms of


concept. The limit of a function gets its
value by providing inputs that
approaches the particular number while
evaluating a function is more like direct
substitution process.
EXAMPLE:

( )
2
𝑥 −1
𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟏 𝑥−1

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