Basic Knowledge

CompTIA A+
Sayed Shah Agha ”Mosavi”
HCSA-CCTV #052023-0032-
00-0001
CONTENT
 Computer motherboard component .

 Computer Motherboard.
 Computer CPU (central process unit).
 Computer RAM (random access memory).

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OBJECTIVES
 In this chapter, you will learn how to :

 Identify the core components of a CPU.

 Describe what is a CPU and CPU clock.
 Explain the world most famous CPU manufacture’s.
 Know a CPU made of what material.
 Know CPU type according to pin arrangement.
 Know how to install a CPU on motherboard.
 Know the CPU model and generation type.

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Computer CPU (central process unit).
The central processing unit (CPU), also called the
microprocessor, is a single silicon-based electronic
chip that makes your computer work …well.
Desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, even tiny
computers in a smartwatch or a washing machine
have a CPU.
CPUs get a make and a model, such as Intel Core i9,
Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, or AMD Ryzen 7

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What is CUP core?.
A CPU core is the part of a computer's
processor that performs actual computational
tasks. Traditionally, CPUs had a single core,
meaning they could only handle one task at a
time. Modern processors, however, have
multiple cores (dual-core, quad-core, etc.),
allowing them to handle multiple tasks
simultaneously or break a task into smaller
parts to execute faster.

Each core operates independently, meaning a

multi-core processor can run multiple
instructions concurrently. This enhances
multitasking and improves performance in
applications designed to take advantage of
parallel processing, such as video editing,
gaming, and running virtual machines.
Essentially, more cores equate to better
efficiency and performance, especially in
workloads that can use more threads.

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What is CUP thread time ?.
A CPU thread is a sequence of instructions that the
processor can manage and execute independently.
Each CPU core can handle one or more threads,
allowing multiple tasks to run simultaneously.
Modern processors often use technologies like Hyper-
Threading(Intel) or Simultaneous Multithreading
(SMT) (AMD), which enable each physical core to
handle two or more threads, effectively making it
appear as multiple logical processors.
Threads allow a CPU to switch between tasks quickly,
improving efficiency, especially in multi-threaded
applications like video rendering or gaming.
While each core handles one thread at a time, multi-
threading can minimize idle time by utilizing unused
parts of the CPU.
This leads to smoother multitasking and better overall
system performance.

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What is CUP clock time ?.
Period of time is referred to as its clock speed.
The clock speed is the fastest speed at which a CPU
can operate, determined by the CPU manufacturer.

The Intel 8088 processor had a clock speed of

4.77 MHz (4.77 million cycles per second),
extremely slow by modern standards, but still
a pretty big number compared to using a
pencil and paper.
High-end CPUs today run at speeds in excess
of 5 GHz (5 billion cycles per second).

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What is CPU cash memory?.
CPU cache memory is a small, high-speed memory located directly on the processor or close to it. Its primary purpose is to store
frequently accessed data and instructions so the CPU can quickly retrieve them, reducing the time it takes to access data from the
slower main memory (RAM). The cache serves as a buffer between the CPU and RAM, allowing for faster data processing.
1. L1 Cache:
- Located directly on the CPU core.
- Smallest in size (typically 32KB-128KB per core) but the fastest.
- Stores critical and frequently used instructions and data.
2. L2 Cache:
- Larger than L1 (usually between 256KB-2MB per core), slightly
slower.
- Still on the CPU, but may be shared across multiple cores or
dedicated to each core.
3. L3 Cache:
- Largest and slowest among the cache levels (typically 2MB-
64MB).
- Usually shared among all cores in a multi-core processor,
allowing faster communication between cores.

The CPU cache dramatically boosts performance by keeping

critical data closer to the processor, minimizing the time spent
fetching data from the slower RAM.

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Who are the CPU manufactures?.

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Who are the main Owner of the CPU production market
Intel AMD
Intel is an American multinational corporation and (AMD), global company that specializes in manufacturing
technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, semiconductor devices used in computer processing. The
California. Processors are manufactured in semiconductor company also produces flash memories, graphics processors,
fabrication plants called "fabs" which are then sent to motherboard chip sets, and a variety of components used in
assembly and testing sites before delivery to customers. consumer electronics goods.

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Intel and AMD processor and abbreviation means

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How to read intel CPU?
Intel Core i9-11900F Intel core i9 generation 11 model 900f
Intel CPUs with the "F" suffix are designed without integrated graphics, meaning they require a
dedicated graphics card to display visuals.

Intel Core i9-12900K Intel core i9 generation 12 model 900k

Unlocked multiplier, allowing for overclocking (e.g., i7-12700K)

Intel Core i7-4770E Intel core i7 generation 4 model 770E

The "E" suffix in Intel processors typically denotes "Embedded" processors.

Intel Core i9-11900U Intel core i9 generation 11 model 900U

When Intel uses the "U" suffix at the end of its CPU model number, it indicates that the processor is designed for ultra-low
power consumption, typically used in thin and light laptops

Intel Core i7-11980X Intel core i7 generation 11 model 980X

The "X" suffix in Intel CPUs denotes high-end desktop (HEDT) processors that are designed for extreme performance, typically used in
high-performance workstations and enthusiast systems.

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How to read intel CPU2 ?
Intel® Core™ i5-1135G7 Intel core i5 generation 11 model 35G7
Intel CPUs with the “G" suffix are designed integrated graphics, meaning they don’t require a dedicated
graphics card to display visuals.
And it has :
G1: Equipped with Intel UHD Graphics, which offers the lowest graphical performance among the series.
G4:Equipped with Intel Iris Xe Graphics with a moderate number of execution units, providing better
performance than G1.
G7:Equipped with Intel Iris Xe Graphics with the highest number of execution units compared to G4,
offering the best graphical performance in this series.

•G1: Intel UHD Graphics, lowest graphical performance.

•G4: Intel Iris Xe Graphics, moderate graphical performance.
•G7: Intel Iris Xe Graphics, highest graphical performance.

Intel core i9-14900HX Intel core 9 generation 14 model 900HX

The "HX" suffix in Intel processors indicates that the chip is a high-performance mobile processor, designed to offer
desktop-like performance in a mobile package.

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Intel and AMD CPU’s

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Intel core family code name
Intel Core Family
The Intel Core family has several generations, each
with a unique code name:
•Nehalem: First Core i3/i5/i7 series (1st Gen)
launched in 2008. Introduced integrated memory
controllers and Turbo Boost technology.
•Sandy Bridge: (2nd Gen) introduced in 2011.
Improved performance, power efficiency, and
integrated graphics.
•Ivy Bridge: (3rd Gen) introduced in 2012. Built on
a 22nm process with better GPU performance and
reduced power consumption.
•Haswell: (4th Gen) launched in 2013. Focused on
power efficiency and integrated graphics
improvements.
•Broadwell: (5th Gen) launched in 2014. First to
use a 14nm process, improving battery life and
graphics.
•Skylake: (6th Gen) launched in 2015. Introduced
support for DDR4 memory, better power efficiency,
and performance.

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Intel core family code name
•Kaby Lake: (7th Gen) launched in 2016. Improved
upon Skylake with higher clock speeds and better 4K
video playback support.
•Coffee Lake: (8th and 9th Gen) launched in 2017 and
2018. Increased core counts and higher performance.
•Comet Lake: (10th Gen) launched in 2020. Further
increased core counts and improved performance.
•Rocket Lake: (11th Gen) launched in 2021. New
architecture with enhanced IPC (Instructions per
Cycle) performance.
•Alder Lake: (12th Gen) launched in 2021. Introduced
a hybrid architecture with both performance and
efficiency cores (P-cores and E-cores).
•Raptor Lake: (13th Gen) launched in 2022. Built on
the 12th Gen Alder Lake architecture but with
improvements in core counts and performance.
•Meteor Lake: Expected as the upcoming 14th Gen,
featuring Intel's next-generation hybrid architecture.

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Intel core family code name
•15th Generation - Arrow Lake (2024): Arrow
Lake introduces Intel's new "20A" process
node, equivalent to 2nm. It includes hybrid
architectures with Lion Cove P-cores and
Skymont E-cores. Arrow Lake also incorporates
a Neural Processing Unit (NPU) for AI tasks and
supports DDR5 memory and PCIe 5.0. This
generation focuses on improved performance
and power efficiency​.
•16th Generation - Lunar Lake (Late
2024/2025): Designed for premium notebooks
and convertibles, Lunar Lake emphasizes
always-on functionality and power efficiency. It
includes advanced Battlemage graphics (Xe2
architecture) and supports AI acceleration with
an NPU. It is optimized for energy efficiency
and compact designs.

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1. Intel Core Series (Mainstream & Performance)

The Intel Core i series, introduced in 2008, is a family of mainstream desktop

and laptop processors designed for various computing needs, categorized by
performance tiers:
1. Core i3: Launched in 2010 (1st gen), it targets entry-level users with dual-
core CPUs and Hyper-Threading for light computing tasks.
2. Core i5 Also introduced in 2010, it provides mid-range performance with
quad-core options and Turbo Boost technology for multitasking and gaming.
3. Core i7: Released alongside i3/i5, i7 offers high-end performance with
more cores/threads and larger cache sizes, catering to gamers and
professionals.
4. Core i9: Introduced in 2017 (8th gen), i9 delivers extreme performance
with up to 24 cores (12th gen onwards).
6. The Core i series spans desktops, laptops, and workstations, providing
scalability for different devices.
7. Intel introduces a new generation approximately every year, each offering
better energy efficiency and higher performance.
8. Recent advancements include DDR5 and PCIe 5.0 support (12th gen
onwards).
9. Intel's naming convention (i3, i5, i7, i9) simplifies product segmentation.
10. The Core Ultra brand will replace and extend the Core i9 lineup in 2024
with 15th-gen CPUs.

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2. Intel Xeon (Workstation & Server)
The Intel Xeon processor family is a line of high-performance CPUs
primarily designed for servers, data centers, and professional
workstations.
1. Launch Year: Introduced in 1998, Xeon processors were built to
handle demanding enterprise applications.
2. Use Cases: Designed for heavy workloads like AI training, big data
processing, virtualization, and rendering.
3. Core Counts: Xeon CPUs often feature higher core counts than
consumer CPUs, with some models offering up to 60 cores (e.g., Xeon
Platinum 9200 series).
4. Memory Support: Supports Error-Correcting Code (ECC) memory to
prevent data corruption, crucial for mission-critical tasks.
5. Scalability: Offers multi-socket support (up to 8 sockets) for enhanced
scalability in servers.
6. Socket Compatibility: Xeon processors require specific sockets like
LGA 3647 or LGA 4189, which differ from mainstream consumer sockets.
9. Brands
- Xeon E: Entry-level for small businesses.
- Xeon W: Workstation-focused for professionals.
- Xeon Scalable (Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum): High-end for data
centers and HPC.

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20
How to read intel Xeon CPU ?

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How to read intel Xeon CPU ?
Key Elements in Xeon Processor Names
Brand Name: Always begins with "Intel Xeon."
Segment Name: Indicates the product line (e.g., E, W, or Scalable like Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum).
Model Number: Highlights specific features such as generation, performance tier, or special capabilities.
Suffixes: Letters indicating specific traits (e.g., "M" for memory-optimized, "L" for large memory, "P" for single-socket, "T" for thermal
optimization).
1-Intel Xeon E-2386G
E: Entry-level Xeon for small businesses.
2386G: 23 (generation based on Rocket Lake), 8 (core count), G (integrated graphics).
2- Intel Xeon W-3265M
W: Workstation series for professionals.
3265: Cascade Lake generation with 24 cores.
M: Memory-optimized for handling large datasets.
3- Intel Xeon Platinum 8260
Platinum: High-end scalable CPU for large-scale servers.
8260: 8th gen, 24 cores, supports up to 8 sockets.
4- Intel Xeon Silver 4216
Silver: Mid-range scalable CPU for cost-efficiency.
4216: 2nd gen (Skylake-SP), 16 cores.
5- Intel Xeon Gold 5318Y
Gold: High performance, with fewer cores than Platinum.
5318Y: 3rd gen (Ice Lake-SP), 18 cores, Y (cryptographic acceleration).
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How to read intel Xeon CPU ?
How to Read
Generation: The first digit(s) after the product tier often indicates the generation (e.g., 8 in 8260 refers to Skylake-SP, 2nd gen).
Cores/Threads: Higher model numbers generally correlate with more cores and better threading.
Suffixes: Understand suffixes like:
M: Memory-optimized.
L: Large memory support.
H: High performance for HPC.
This systematic naming provides clarity on which Xeon CPU suits your workload needs.
6- Intel Xeon Bronze 3104
Bronze: Entry-level for basic server workloads.
3104: 1st gen (Skylake-SP), 6 cores, no Hyper-Threading.
7- Intel Xeon Scalable 8478H
Scalable: Generic scalable processors.
8478H: Sapphire Rapids, high core count for HPC (High-Performance Computing).
8- Intel Xeon E-2124
E: Entry-level CPU.
2124: Coffee Lake architecture, 4 cores, no Hyper-Threading.
9- Intel Xeon D-1559
D: System-on-Chip (SoC) for edge servers.
1559: Broad well architecture, 12 cores, integrated networking.
10- Intel Xeon Phi 7290
Phi: Specialized for parallel computing (now discontinued).
7290: 72 cores, designed for HPC and AI workloads.
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3. Intel Pentium and Celeron (Entry-Level)
1.Intel Pentium: Introduced in 1993, the Pentium series is a family of mid-range processors designed for general-purpose
computing with better performance than the budget-oriented Celeron series.
2.Intel Celeron: Launched in 1998, Celeron processors are Intel's entry-level chips, focusing on affordability for basic
computing tasks like browsing, word processing, and media playback.
3.Performance: Pentium processors typically feature higher clock speeds, more cores, and larger cache sizes compared to
Celerons, providing superior performance.
4.Price: Celerons are priced lower, making them ideal for budget-friendly laptops and desktops, while Pentiums are slightly
more expensive but still affordable.
5.Target Audience: Pentium caters to casual users and light multitaskers, whereas Celeron is best for users with minimal
computing needs.
6.Applications: Celeron is often used in Chromebooks, basic office PCs, and entry-level laptops, while Pentium powers
more capable home and office systems.
7.Core Count: Recent Pentium models often include dual or quad-core configurations, while Celerons generally feature
fewer cores.
8.Hyper-Threading: Some Pentium models support Hyper-Threading, enhancing multitasking capabilities, a feature usually
absent in Celeron processors.
9.Power Efficiency: Both processors are designed for low-power consumption, making them suitable for lightweight and
portable devices.
10.Modern Use: While still in use, Pentium and Celeron are being gradually replaced by Intel’s more advanced Core and
Atom series for better performance and efficiency.

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4. Intel Atom (Compact Systems)
1.Introduction: Intel Atom processors were introduced in 2008, targeting low-power and energy-efficient
computing applications.
2.Purpose: Designed primarily for lightweight devices such as netbooks, tablets, smartphones, embedded
systems, and IoT devices.
3.Power Efficiency: Atom processors are known for their exceptional power efficiency, enabling longer
battery life in portable devices.
4.Performance: They provide basic computing capabilities, suitable for tasks like web browsing, media
consumption, and light productivity.
5.Architectural Focus: Atom chips are built on a low-power microarchitecture, often using smaller process
nodes to balance efficiency and performance.
6.Core Count: Atom processors typically feature 1-4 cores, though some modern models include more cores
to handle lightweight multitasking.
7.Applications: Widely used in budget laptops, thin clients, automotive systems, home automation, and
industrial applications.
8.Graphics: Integrated Intel HD Graphics in some Atom models support basic multimedia and video playback
tasks.
9.Limitations: Due to their low power consumption focus, Atom processors are not suitable for heavy
workloads like gaming, video editing, or professional-grade tasks.
10.Future Trends: Atom processors are a cornerstone for Intel's push into embedded systems and IoT, as
they continue to evolve for energy-efficient and compact computing solutions.

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5. Intel Core X-Series (High-End Desktop - HEDT)
1.ntroduction: Intel Core i-Series HEDT processors, like the Core i9 Extreme Edition, are designed for professionals and enthusiasts
demanding top-tier performance.
2.Target Audience: These processors are ideal for gamers, content creators, engineers, and researchers working on demanding tasks
like 3D modeling, rendering, AI development, and video production.
3.Core Count: Core i-Series HEDT CPUs often feature 8 to 18 cores (or more in some models) and support Hyper-Threading for parallel
processing.
4.High Performance: With higher base and turbo frequencies, large L3 cache, and extensive PCIe lane support, they handle intensive
multitasking and compute-heavy applications.
5.Memory Support: They typically support quad-channel DDR4 or DDR5 memory, enabling faster data throughput for high-demand
workflows.
6.Overclocking: These processors are unlocked for overclocking, allowing users to maximize performance when paired with adequate
cooling solutions.
7.Chipset and Socket: HEDT models usually require advanced chipsets like X299 or X-series motherboards, ensuring compatibility with
the LGA 2066 socket or newer standards.
8.Turbo Boost and Hyper-Threading: Advanced Turbo Boost technology enhances single-threaded tasks, while Hyper-Threading
optimizes multi-threaded performance.
9.Applications: Used in tasks such as professional video editing, game development, VR, and heavy simulations, where maximum CPU
power is critical.
10.Competitive Edge: Intel Core i-Series HEDT processors compete with AMD’s Ryzen Threadripper, offering premium performance for
users who need workstation-class capabilities.

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Intel core family code name

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Intel core ultra processor
Intel introduced the Intel Core Ultra series as part of its Meteor Lake processors, launched in December 2023. This new series
represents a shift in Intel’s processor architecture, as Meteor Lake introduces a chiplet-based design and improved energy
efficiency, targeting advanced AI processing capabilities.
Key Features of Intel Core Ultra (Meteor Lake)
Chiplet Architecture: Core Ultra uses a modular chiplet (or tile)
design, breaking the processor into separate units or tiles for
better efficiency and flexibility.
AI Processing: The series incorporates a dedicated Neural
Processing Unit (NPU), designed for efficient AI workloads,
enhancing machine learning and AI-based tasks.
Intel 4 Process Technology: Core Ultra is the first series to
utilize Intel’s Intel 4 process node (7nm equivalent), designed
for better performance-per-watt compared to previous
generations.
Graphics Performance: Core Ultra integrates Xe-LPG graphics,
which support enhanced GPU capabilities compared to
traditional integrated graphics, and improve performance for
light gaming and GPU-accelerated workloads.
Power Efficiency: These processors are optimized for better
power management, aiming to provide significant
improvements in battery life and thermal efficiency, especially
for laptops and thin-and-light devices.
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Intel core ultra 5 processor
The Intel Core Ultra 5 series is part of Intel's
Meteor Lake architecture, which was launched in
December 2023. This processor is designed for
mainstream laptops and ultraportables, focusing
on a balance between performance and power
efficiency. Core Ultra 5 processors are particularly
suitable for users who need reliable performance
for general computing tasks, media consumption,
light gaming, and multitasking, all while
maximizing battery life and maintaining a thin and
light form factor.
The Core Ultra 5 series was introduced as part of
the Meteor Lake architecture, which launched in
December 2023. This marks Intel’s new generation
of processors, designed for the next wave of
laptops and portable devices with a focus on AI
capabilities, chiplet design, and power efficiency.

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Intel core ultra 5 key features
Key Features of Core Ultra 5:
Chiplet Architecture: Like other Core Ultra models,
Core Ultra 5 uses Intel's new chiplet-based
architecture, combining multiple tiles (or chiplets) for
modular efficiency, leading to improved power
management and performance scaling.
AI Capabilities: Core Ultra 5 processors feature Intel's
Neural Processing Unit (NPU), designed to accelerate
AI tasks such as machine learning, data processing, and
enhanced software features (e.g., voice recognition,
image processing).
Xe-LPG Graphics: Core Ultra 5 comes with integrated
Xe-LPG graphics, offering improved graphical
performance for everyday use, light gaming, video
streaming, and creative applications that don’t require
a dedicated GPU.
Power Efficiency: These processors are optimized for
battery life and power consumption, making them
ideal for thin-and-light laptops and ultraportables that
require long-lasting performance on a single charge.

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Intel core ultra 5 processor
Most Famous and Useful Models of Core Ultra 5:
Some of the most popular and widely used models within the Core Ultra 5
series include:
Intel Core Ultra 5 125H
A high-performance model in the Core Ultra 5 series, designed for more
demanding applications like multitasking and light gaming.
Ideal for mainstream laptops and ultraportables that need a balance of
performance and battery efficiency.
Intel Core Ultra 5 125P
The P series is optimized for power efficiency and ultraportables,
focusing on battery life while still providing enough power for general
tasks, media consumption, and light productivity.
Great for thin laptops that prioritize energy efficiency.
Other Available Core Ultra 5 Models:
As of now, the most commonly available models in the Intel Core Ultra 5
series are:
Intel Core Ultra 5 125H
Intel Core Ultra 5 125P
Intel Core Ultra 5 135H (when released, expected to be higher-
performing)
Intel Core Ultra 5 135P (when released, expected to be a power-efficient
version of the 135H)

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Intel core ultra 7 processor
The Intel Core Ultra 7 is part of Intel's Core Ultra series introduced
with the Meteor Lake architecture, launched in December 2023. This
series represents Intel's next-generation approach with a chiplet-
based design, bringing improved AI capabilities and power efficiency
specifically aimed at high-performance laptops and ultra portables.
Intel Core Ultra 7 Overview
Positioning: The Core Ultra 7 is designed as a mid-to-high-end
processor, bridging the gap between the power-efficient Core Ultra 5
and the performance-focused Core Ultra 9.
Target Users: Ideal for users who need strong multitasking
capabilities, light to moderate gaming, content creation, and AI-
driven tasks but may not require the top-tier power of the Core Ultra
9.
Performance: Offers more cores and higher clock speeds than the
Core Ultra 5, making it suitable for creative applications and heavier
workloads. It’s a versatile option for professional users who work with
multiple applications and want performance without compromising
battery life.
Graphics: Like other Core Ultra models, Core Ultra 7 includes Xe-LPG
graphics for enhanced integrated GPU performance, suitable for tasks
that demand good visual output but not necessarily a dedicated
graphics card.

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Intel core ultra 9 processor
The Intel Core Ultra 9 series represents Intel's latest high-end desktop (HEDT) processors, designed to
deliver exceptional performance for both gaming enthusiasts and professional workloads.
1.Advanced Architecture: Built on Intel's Arrow Lake architecture, these processors utilize a chipset
design, enhancing efficiency and performance.
2.Core Configuration: The flagship model, Core Ultra 9 285K, boasts 24 cores—comprising 8
Performance cores and 16 Efficient cores—supporting 24 threads for superior multitasking
capabilities.
3.Clock Speeds: It achieves a maximum turbo frequency of 5.7 GHz, ensuring rapid processing for
demanding applications.
4.Cache Memory: Equipped with 36 MB of Intel Smart Cache, it facilitates swift data access and
improved overall system responsiveness.
5.Power Efficiency: Significant improvements in power consumption and thermal management result
in cooler operation and reduced energy usage compared to previous generations.
5.Memory Support: Supports DDR5 memory, offering higher bandwidth and improved performance
for memory-intensive tasks.
6.PCIe Support: Features PCIe 5.0 support, enabling faster data transfer rates and compatibility with
the latest high-speed peripherals.
7.Socket Compatibility: Utilizes the new LGA-1851 socket, necessitating compatible motherboards for
optimal performance.
8.Performance Considerations: While excelling in productivity and AI tasks, gaming performance may
not surpass previous models, making it essential to assess specific needs when considering an
upgrade.

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AMD CPU family

1. AMD CPU Families for Desktops:

•Ryzen:
•Ryzen 3: Entry-level processors for basic computing and light
gaming.
•Ryzen 5: Mid-range CPUs for gaming, productivity, and
multitasking.
•Ryzen 7: High-end processors for gaming, video editing, and
content creation.
•Ryzen 9: Enthusiast-level CPUs for extreme multitasking,
gaming, and professional workloads.
•Athlon: Budget processors for entry-level computing and basic
tasks.
•Thread ripper: High-performance processors designed for
professionals, gamers, and creators needing massive multi-
threading power (content creation, 3D rendering, etc.).

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AMD CPU family

2. AMD CPU Families for Servers:

•EPYC: High-performance server
processors for data centers, cloud
computing, and enterprise workloads.
These CPUs focus on core count, memory
support, and energy efficiency for large-
scale applications.
•Opteron (Discontinued): Older server
processors, now replaced by the EPYC
family.

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Suffixes at the end of CPU name and model AMD product
AMD Ryzen 7 3700X Models with higher performance and higher clock speeds AMD Ryzen third-generation model 700X
The AMD Ryzen 7 3700X is a third-generation, high-performance desktop processor featuring 8 cores and 16
threads, with a base clock of 3.6 GHz and boost clock up to 4.4 GHz, designed for gaming and multitasking.
AMD Ryzen 5 3400G AMD Ryzen 5 generation 3 model 400G
The AMD Ryzen 5 3400G is indeed part of the third generation of Ryzen processor, desktop processor with 4 cores and 8 threads,
integrated Radeon RX Vega 11 graphics, a base clock of 3.7 GHz,

AMD Ryzen 5 4600U Low-power models AMD Ryzen 5 generation 4 model 600 U
The AMD Ryzen 5 4600U is a 4 generation, low-power mobile processor with 6 cores and 12 threads, a base clock of 2.1 GHz, and a
boost clock up to 4.0 GHz.

AMD Ryzen 7 3700X AMD Ryzen 7 generation 3 model 700X with over clocking future

The AMD Ryzen 7 3700X is a third-generation, high-performance desktop processor with 8 cores and 16 threads, featuring a
base clock speed of 3.6 GHz and a boost clock speed of up to 4.4 GHz

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Intel CPU model and generation

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AMD CPU model and generation

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Intel CPU model and generation

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AMD CPU model and generation

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Intel CPU model and generation

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How to install a CPU on motherboard?
To install a CPU on a motherboard, you
first need to identify the CPU socket,
usually positioned at the center of the
board.
Use the latch or lever near the socket to
unlock it.
Ensure the CPU is oriented correctly by
matching its pins or notches with the
socket's alignment markers.
With caution, place the CPU into the
socket, avoiding any bending or
misalignment of the pins. Once properly
positioned, gently lower the latch or lever
to secure the CPU in place. Apply thermal
paste on the CPU's surface to facilitate
heat transfer. Carefully attach the CPU
cooler onto the CPU, ensuring it's firmly
seated. Connect the CPU fan to the
appropriate header on the motherboard.
Finally, power on the system and verify
that the CPU is recognized in the BIOS or
UEFI settings.

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44
How to install a CPU on motherboard ?.
LGA (land grid array) socket can provide compressive
electrical interconnect between the printed circuit boards
(PCB) and the processor.
PGA (pin grid array) socket is the integrated circuit packaging
standard used in most second- through fifth-generation
processors.
These sockets are either rectangular or square, with pins
arranged in a regular array on the underside of the package.
LGA and PGA are two different CPU socket types with distinct
installation processes and pin locations.
LGA sockets are used by Intel, while PGA sockets are
predominantly used by AMD.
LGA sockets offer more reliable power supply and are more
durable, while PGA sockets are easier to install but more
prone to damage.
The choice between LGA and PGA sockets depends on the
CPU manufacturer and user preference, as they do not
significantly impact performance.

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45
What a CPU made of ?.

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46
What a CPU made of ?.

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47
 Class assignment

 What is a CPU and what it made of

List most famous CPU producer

List all the intel CPU and mention the generation

 List intel CPU socket from 3rd generation up to the last generation

List 10 AMD CPU and show to we can read the detail’s

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 What is a
CPU

CPU clock Most famous

speed, cash world CPU
memory producer

Thank you! How to read

CPU model
How does
CPU made
and identify