Informational

And
Factual Texts
What are Informational
and Factual Texts?
● Informational texts give
facts about a topic
● Factual texts focus on
real information
● Non-fiction texts
● Examples: news reports,
science books,
instructions
● Help us learn new things!
 Elements of
Informational/Factual Texts
1.Text Features
2.Text Structure
3.Point of View and Purpose
4.Text Summarizing
5.Relationships within texts
 Text Features
● Help readers find important information in
a text
● Make it easier to understand the text
● What text features have you seen in your
books?
Example
s
of
Text
Features
Example
s
of
Text
Features
 Text Structure
● How information is organized within a
written text
1. Description
2. Compare and contrast
3. Sequential/chronological
4. Problem and solution
5. Cause and effect
 DESCRIPTION OR DESCRIPTIVE
• Aims to provide detailed information about a
specific topic (place, person, thing, or event)
TEXT
• Explains what something looks like, where it is
or where it lives, its size, what it eats, or other
important information about the topic
 DESCRIPTION OR DESCRIPTIVE
The Amazing Eiffel Tower

TEXT
The Eiffel Tower is a famous place in Paris, France. It's a
very tall iron tower that looks like a giant puzzle and is as tall as
an 81-story building! Built in 1889 for a big fair, it has three
levels you can visit. People love it because you can see all of
Paris from the top, ride in fun elevators, and take photos in front
of it. At night, it lights up and sparkles like a giant Christmas
tree! The Eiffel Tower is a symbol of France that everyone knows,
and millions of people visit this amazing place every year.
 COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
• The author explains how two or more things
are alike and/or how they are different.
• When you compare, you note the similarities
between two persons or two objects.
• When you contrast, you note the differences
between two persons or two things.

Clue Words: same, unlike, both, while, similarly,

etc.
 COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

Apples and oranges are both popular fruits among children.

They are both round and fit nicely in your hand, they are healthy
snacks that give your body important vitamins, and you can make
yummy juice from both. Apples are usually red or green, while
oranges are always orange. Apples are crisp and crunchy, unlike
oranges, they are soft and full of juice. Both fruits are tasty and good
for you, but they each have special qualities that make them
unique!
 PROBLEM AND SOLUTION
• The writer is informing us about an important issue
that needs to be addressed.
• The writer may include valid reasons why we need
to look at the issue and present a way or several
ways to resolve the issue.
 PROBLEM AND SOLUTION

The local school board has an issue because they cannot

find enough substitute teachers to cover teacher absences. One
possible remedy would be to significantly raise the pay so that
substitutes from other districts would change where they work.
 SEQUENTIAL/CHRONOLOGICAL
TEXT
• Shows how events happened in order or took
place during a specific time period

You will see: first, next, then, after, finally, dates

(2005), times of the day, etc.
 SEQUENTIAL/CHRONOLOGICAL
The FirstTEXT
Moon Landing

On July 16, 1969, a big rocket called Saturn V blasted off from
Florida. It carried three brave astronauts: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and
Michael Collins. They flew through space for four days in a small spaceship
called Apollo 11. On July 20, Armstrong and Aldrin landed on the moon in a
special part of their ship called the Eagle. Armstrong stepped onto the moon
first. Aldrin joined him, and they planted an American flag. They collected moon
rocks and took pictures. After about 21 hours on the moon, they flew back to
join Collins. On July 24, all three astronauts splashed down safely in the ocean.
This amazing trip showed that humans could visit other worlds!
 CAUSE AND EFFECT
• The writer talks about an event that
occurred and discussed why that event took
place.

Keywords: thus, because of, since, as a result,

therefore, due to
 CAUSE AND EFFECT
Deforestation, the widespread clearing of forests for
agriculture and urban development, has severe consequences on
wildlife. When trees are removed, animals lose their natural
habitat, which can lead to species extinction. Forests are home to
about 80% of the world's terrestrial biodiversity, making their
destruction a critical issue for global conservation efforts.
 Point of View and
Purpose
● Provides clues and reasons
why the author wrote the text
● Could be to inform, explain, or
describe
Infer the author’s purpose.

1. All people should learn to recycle. It is one way of saving Mother Earth.
Recycling, instead of throwing trash in rivers or empty lots, will lessen
pollution. You can even earn money from recycled materials. The next time
you plan to throw your trash, think again.

2. Father lost his job. The family may not have enough money to send the
children to school for the next school year. During summer, the children
worked hard to sell snacks and drinks. They earned enough money for
enrolment and to buy school supplies too.

3. Sun gives life to the Earth. It is the main source of heat and energy.
Without it, the animals, plants, and even the people will freeze to death. It
is the reason for the weather patterns of the planet. It is needed by plants
for photosynthesis.
 Text Summarizing
● Reduces a text to its main idea and
necessary information
● Finding the main idea and important details
● Helps you remember what you read
 How to Summarize a Text

Step 1: Read the whole text

Read the entire text carefully from start to finish. This helps you
understand what it's all about.
Step 2: Find the main idea
Look for the big, important idea the text is trying to share. This is
usually what the whole text is about.
Step 3: Pick out the important details
Find the most important facts or ideas that support the main
idea. Don't worry about little details or examples. Focus on the
big ideas.
Step 4: Use your own words
Write the main idea and key points in your own words. Don't copy
exactly from the text.
 Practice Activity: Summarize this paragraph.

Our Amazing Solar System

The solar system is a big family of planets, moons, and other

objects that orbit around our Sun. At the center is the Sun, a giant
ball of hot gas that gives us light and heat. There are eight planets in
our solar system, and Earth is the third one from the Sun. Some
planets, like Jupiter and Saturn, are huge gas giants, while others, like
Mercury and Mars, are smaller and rocky. Many planets have their
own moons that circle around them, just like our Moon circles Earth.
Besides planets and moons, there are also asteroids, comets, and tiny
bits of space dust floating around in our solar system. Scientists are
still learning new things about our solar system every day, and it's an
exciting place to explore and study!
Summary

Our solar system has the Sun at its center with eight planets
orbiting around it. Earth is one of these planets. There are
also moons, asteroids, and comets. The solar system is very
big and scientists are always learning more about it.
Relationships within Texts
● How writers establish a
relationship between ideas,
events, and individuals in the
text
Reading 3 Q4 Quiz 1 – February 5, 2025,
Wednesday
Reading 3 Q4.1

I. Directions: Identify the following informational/factual text below. Choose your answer
inside the box. (5 points)

Text Features Text Structure Point of View and

Purpose
Text Summarizing Relationships within texts
___________________1. Reduces a text to its main idea and necessary
information.
___________________2. Provides clues and reasons for writing the text.

___________________3. How writers establish a relationship between

ideas, events, and individuals in a text.
___________________4. Help readers locate important information in a
text.
___________________5. Refers to how the information within a written
text is organized.
II. Directions: Read the informational text and answer the following questions. (10 points)

The Importance of Taking Care of the Environment

The environment is essential for the survival of all living things on Earth. It provides the air
we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat, making it the foundation of life. Protecting the
environment helps maintain a balance in nature, ensuring that animals, plants, and humans can thrive
together. When we take care of the environment, we reduce pollution, conserve resources, and protect
biodiversity. It’s important to understand that small actions, like reducing waste and saving energy, can
have a big impact. The health of our environment affects our well-being, and caring for it helps future
generations live in a cleaner, safer world. By being responsible and mindful of our actions, we can all
contribute to a healthier planet.

1. What text structure was used in writing the text? (description, compare and contrast,
sequential/chronological, problem and solution, cause and effect) (3 points)
Text Structure:
Explanation:
2. What is the purpose of the author in this text? (2 points)
3. Summarize the text in 3 to 4 sentences. (5 points)
Sample summary:

The environment is crucial for all life on Earth, providing the essentials like air,
water, and food. Protecting it helps maintain balance in nature and ensures the
well-being of humans, animals, and plants. Small actions like reducing waste
and conserving resources can make a big difference. Caring for the
environment today helps create a healthier, safer world for future generations.
 Poster-making Activity - Performance Task 1
(February 12, 2025, Wednesday)

Directions:
1. You will make your own poster based on the text
that will be given during class.
2. On your poster, present the information using
one or more text features.
3. Use a short-size bond paper and coloring or art
materials (except for watercolors and acrylic
paints).
 Dinagyang Festival 2025

The Dinagyang Festival 2025 was a grand celebration in Iloilo City, showcasing
the vibrant culture and rich history of the region. This annual festival, held every fourth
Sunday of January, commemorated the arrival of the Malay settlers and the conversion of
the natives to Christianity, with a focus on the Sto. Niño (Child Jesus). It was known for its
spectacular street dancing, where participants donned colorful, elaborate costumes and
painted their faces in striking designs.
The festival proved to be even more exciting, with various competitions and
activities that highlighted the artistic skills, creativity, and devotion of the Ilonggos. The
street dancing, which was the highlight of the festival, featured groups performing
rhythmic and energetic dances to the beat of drums. Aside from the dancing, the festival
also included cultural exhibits, food fairs, and religious processions, making it a
multifaceted celebration. In addition to the local revelry, the Dinagyang Festival
attracted both domestic and international tourists, who came to witness the spectacle.
The event was a testament to the resilience and creativity of the people of
Iloilo, as they continued to celebrate their traditions and share them with the world.
Whether people attended for the first time or returned for another year, the Dinagyang
Festival 2025 was a memorable experience for all.