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Week 1 lecture control systems slides

The document outlines the fundamentals of control systems, including definitions, importance, and basic components. It introduces key terminology such as plant, controller, inputs, outputs, and types of control systems, emphasizing the role of feedback in enhancing system performance. Applications of control systems are also highlighted, showcasing their relevance in various industries and technologies.

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7 views

Week 1 lecture control systems slides

The document outlines the fundamentals of control systems, including definitions, importance, and basic components. It introduces key terminology such as plant, controller, inputs, outputs, and types of control systems, emphasizing the role of feedback in enhancing system performance. Applications of control systems are also highlighted, showcasing their relevance in various industries and technologies.

Uploaded by

expo21guest
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

ME 403 – CONTROL SYSTEMS

LECTURE 1

• Design Of Feedback Control Systems, 4th Edition


R. T. Stefani, C. J. Savant, B. Shahian, G. H. Hostetter
• Automatic Control Systems, 9th Edition
Benjamin C. Kuo, Farid Golnaraghi
Objectives 2

 Define a control system


 Explain why control systems are important
 Introduce basic components of a control system
 Give some examples of control system applications
 Explain why feedback is incorporated into most control systems
 Introduce types of control systems
Basic Concepts 3

Control system design process consists of


 Creating a mathematical model of the system (Block Diagram)
 Identifying the contents of blocks within the diagram
 Selecting values of adjustable parameters
 Adding components to provide acceptable performance

Feedback systems actively used in


 Automated manufacturing plants
 Automobiles
 House hold appliances
 Entertainment systems
Terminology 4

 System

An arrangement or combination of different physical components


that are connected or related together to form an entire unit to
achieve a certain objective. E.g., Classroom, Car etc.
Terminology 5

 Control

To regulate direct and command a system so that a desired


objective is achieved
Terminology 6

 Plant/Process

Portion of the system to be controlled. It is fixed as far as the


control system designer is concerned. The designer’s job is to
ensure that the plant operates as required

Fixe
d
Plant
or
Process
Terminology 7

 Inputs

The applied or excitation signal applied to a control system to get a


specific output

Fixe
d
Inpu Plant
t or
Process
Terminology 8

 Outputs

The actual response obtained from a control system due to the


application of the input

Fixe
d
Inpu Plant Outpu
t or t
Process
Terminology 9

 Controller

Internal or external element of the system used to control the plant


or process. The controller generates plant input signals designed to
produce the desired outputs. Some plant inputs are accessible to
the designer and some are not available

Fixe
d
Inpu Plant Outpu
t Controller or t
Contr Process
ol
Input
s
Terminology 10

 Disturbances

A disturbance is an uncontrolled input that has an undesired effect


on the desired output of the system. It may be internal (produced
within the system) or external

Disturbance
Inputs Fixe
d
Inpu Plant Outpu
t Controller or t
Contr Process
ol
Input
s
Terminology 11

 Open Loop System

A system in which the control inputs are not influenced by the plant
outputs i.e., there is no feedback around the plant

Disturbance
Inputs Fixe
d
Inpu Plant Outpu
t Controller or t
Contr Process
ol
Input
s
Terminology 12

 Open Loop System


Terminology 13

 Closed Loop System

A system in which the control inputs are influenced by the plant


outputs i.e., a path (or loop) is provided from the output back to the
controller.
Disturbance
Inputs Fixe
d
Inpu Plant Outpu
t Controller or t
Contr Process
ol
Input
s Measurements
Terminology 14

 Closed Loop System


Effect of Feedback 15
Advantages of Feedback 16

 Increased accuracy
 Reduced sensitivity to changes in components
 Reduced effects of disturbances
 Increased speed of response and bandwidth

Feedback should be positive or negative?


Types of Control Systems 17

 Linear VS Non-Linear Control Systems


 Time Invariant VS Time Variant Systems
 Continuous Data VS Discrete Data Control Systems
Control System Applications 18
 Intelligent systems
 Machine tools, Flexible robotics, Process control
 Control in virtual prototyping and hardware in the loop
 Smart Transportation Systems
 Climate Control
 Anti-lock Brake System (ABS)
 Traction Control System
 Cruise Control System
 Dynamic Stability Control
 Emergency Brake Assist
 Drive-by-wire System / Steering Control
 Driver Assist System
 Active Suspension System and Cross Wind Stabilization

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