Lecture – 3.

JAVA: Introduction, Keywords, Data Types,

Identifiers
Shahriar Hossain Shanto
Lecturer
Department of CSE
Daffodil International University
1
 Contents
• Introduction to Java
• Keywords in Java
• Data Types in Java
• Java Identifiers

2
Introduction to Java

3
 Introduction to Java

• Java is a high-level programming language originally developed by Sun

Microsystems and released in 1995.

• Java runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various
versions of UNIX.

4
 Features of Java
• Object Oriented: In Java, everything is an Object. Java can be easily extended since it is based on the Object model.

• Platform independent: Unlike many other programming languages including C and C++, when Java is compiled, it is not
compiled into platform specific machine, rather into platform independent byte code. This byte code is distributed over the
web and interpreted by virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform it is being run.

• Simple: Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic concept of OOP Java would be easy to master.

• Secure: With Java's secure feature it enables to develop virus-free, tamper-free systems. Authentication techniques are
based on public-key encryption.

• Architectural-neutral: Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format which makes the compiled
code to be executable on many processors, with the presence of Java runtime system.

• Portable: Being architectural-neutral and having no implementation dependent aspects of the specification makes Java
portable. Compiler in Java is written in ANSI C with a clean portability boundary which is a POSIX subset.
5
 Features of Java
• Robust: Java makes an effort to eliminate error prone situations by emphasizing mainly on compile
time error checking and runtime checking.

• Multithreaded: With Java's multithreaded feature it is possible to write programs that can do many
tasks simultaneously. This design feature allows developers to construct smoothly running interactive
applications.

• Interpreted: Java byte code is translated on the fly to native machine instructions and is not stored
anywhere. The development process is more rapid and analytical since the linking is an incremental
and light weight process.

• High Performance: With the use of Just-In-Time compilers, Java enables high performance.

• Distributed: Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet.

• Dynamic: Java is considered to be more dynamic than C or C++ since it is designed to adapt to an
evolving environment. Java programs can carry extensive amount of run-time information that can be
6
used to verify and resolve accesses to objects on run-time.
 Tools you will need
• For performing the examples discussed in this tutorial, you will need a Pentium 200-MHz
computer with a minimum of 64 MB of RAM (128 MB of RAM recommended)

You also will need the following software:

• Operating system.
• JDK (Java Development Kit)
• Java editor

7
 Popular Java Editors
To write your Java programs, you will need a text editor. There are even more
sophisticated IDEs available in the market. But for now, you can consider one of
the following:

• Notepad: On Windows machine you can use any simple text editor like
Notepad, TextPad.

• Netbeans: is a Java IDE that is open-source and free which can be

downloaded from http://www.netbeans.org/index.html

• Eclipse: is also a Java IDE developed by the eclipse open-source community

and can be downloaded from http://www.eclipse.org/ 8
 Simple Java Program

public class MyFirstJavaProgram {

public static void main(String []args) {

System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}

9
Keywords in java

10
Java Keywords

11
Data Types in java

12
Data Types

13
14
Exercise
• What are the differences between the constants 7, ‘7’ and “7”?

15
Identifiers in java

16
 Java Identifiers
• Names used for classes, variables and methods are called identifiers.
• All identifiers must follow the following rules:

• An identifier is a sequence of characters that consists of letter (A to Z or a to z), digits(0 to 9),

currency character ($) or an underscore (_).
• All identifiers should begin with a letter (A to Z or a to z), currency character ($) or an
underscore (_).It can not start with a digit (0-9).
• A keyword cannot be used as an identifier.
• Most importantly identifiers are case sensitive.
area, Area, AREA are all different identifiers

Examples of legal identifiers: age, $salary, _value, __1_value

Examples of illegal identifiers: 123abc, -salary
17
 Exercise
• Find out the legal Identifiers

$2 2A area d+4 Max-Number

Min_number aaa sales_tax _circleArea a2b

Box100width /$directory ab1234$$ ComputeArea

18
Thank you!

19