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Ipconfiguration 140402091814 Phpapp01

An IP address is a numerical label assigned to devices in a network, consisting of a network ID and a host ID, typically represented in a 32-bit format known as IPv4. Subnet masks help determine the network and host portions of an IP address, while a default gateway routes packets when direct communication is not possible. IP addresses are categorized into five classes (A-E) based on their network and host ID allocations, with specific classes designated for different types of organizations.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 views13 pages

Ipconfiguration 140402091814 Phpapp01

An IP address is a numerical label assigned to devices in a network, consisting of a network ID and a host ID, typically represented in a 32-bit format known as IPv4. Subnet masks help determine the network and host portions of an IP address, while a default gateway routes packets when direct communication is not possible. IP addresses are categorized into five classes (A-E) based on their network and host ID allocations, with specific classes designated for different types of organizations.
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IP CONFIGURATION

IP ADDRESS
 An Internet Protocol address (IP
address) is a numerical label assigned to
each device (e.g., computer, printer)
participating in a computer network that
uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.
 The designers of the Internet Protocol
defined an IP address as a 32-
bit number known as Internet Protocol
Version4 (IPv4), is still in use today.
 IP addresses are binary numbers, but they
are usually stored in text files and
displayed in human-readable notations,
IP ADDRESS
 An IP address is composed of two parts:
the network ID and the host ID
 The network ID represents the network on

which the computer is located


 The host ID represents the individual

computer on a network
IP ADDRESS
 An IP addresses has four numbers, each
called an octet, that are separated by
periods
 Each octet in an IP address represents
eight bits of information
 A full IP address of four octets is 32 bits
long
SUBNET MASKS
 A subnet mask defines which part of its IP
address is the network ID and which part
is the host ID
 Subnet masks are composed of four octets
just like an IP address
SUBNET MASKS
 If there is a 255 in the subnet mask, it
indicates that the octet is a part of the
network ID.
 If there is a 0 in the subnet mask, it
indicates that the octet is a part of the
host ID
SUBNET MASKS
 A computer uses its subnet mask to
determine
◦ Which network it is on
◦ Whether other computers are on the
same network or a different network
 If two computers on the same network are

communicating, then they can deliver


packets directly to each other
 If two computers are on different

networks, they must use a router to


communicate
SUBNET MASKS
DEFAULT GATEWAY
 Default gateway is another term for router
 It is usually the IP address of the router to
which the computer network is connected
 If a computer does not know how to
deliver a packet, it gives the packet to the
default gateway to deliver
IP ADDRESS CLASSES
 IP addresses are divided into five classes:
A-E
 IP address classes can be identified by the
first octet
 Class A addresses use eight bits for the
network ID and 24 bits for the host ID
 Class A networks are only assigned to very
large companies and Internet providers
 Class B addresses use 16 bits for the
network ID and 16 bits for the host ID
 Class B networks are assigned to many
larger organizations, such as
governments, universities, and companies
with several thousand users
IP ADDRESS CLASSES
 Class C addresses use 24 bits for the
network ID and eight bits for the host ID
 Class C networks have a relatively small
number of hosts and are suited only to
smaller organizations
 Class D addresses are not divided into
networks and they cannot be assigned to
computers as IP addresses
 Class D addresses are used for multicasting
 Class E addresses are considered

experimental and are not used


IP ADDRESS CLASSES
Using IPCONFIG to View
IP Configuration
 To find user’s computer’s IP address:
 At the command prompt, type ipconfig,

and then press Enter.

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