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Topic No 2

The document discusses the conversion between moles and mass using molecular weight, and explains concepts of density, specific gravity, and flow rates in continuous processes. It includes examples and problems related to these concepts, such as calculating moles, density, and flow rates. Additionally, it covers mole and mass fractions in mixtures.

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عبدالرحمن ال عامر
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11 views12 pages

Topic No 2

The document discusses the conversion between moles and mass using molecular weight, and explains concepts of density, specific gravity, and flow rates in continuous processes. It includes examples and problems related to these concepts, such as calculating moles, density, and flow rates. Additionally, it covers mole and mass fractions in mixtures.

Uploaded by

عبدالرحمن ال عامر
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mole and Mass

To convert the number of moles to mass and the mass to moles, we

make use of the molecular weight – the mass per mole:


Molecular Weight (MW) =

gmole =
lbmole =
Examples

1- If a bucket holds 2.00 lb of NaOH (MW=40), how


many
a) Pound moles of NaOH does it contain?
b) Gram moles of NaOH does it contain?
2- How many pounds of NaOH (MW=40) are in 7.50 g
mol of NaOH?
3- How many moles(g-mole , lb-mole) are in 1 Kg of
methanol?
Density
Density is the ratio of mass per unit volume,
as for example, kg/m3 or lb/ft3 . Density has
both a numerical value and units. Specific
volume is the inverse of density, such as
cm3 /g or ft3 /lb.
 ρ= =
Specific volume =
Specific Gravity

Specific gravity is commonly thought of as a


dimensionless ratio.
Specific gravity of A = = =
The reference substance for liquids and solids
normally is water.
 The density of water is 1.000 g/cm3 , 1000 kg/m3
, or 62.43 lb/ft3 at 4°C
The specific gravity of gases frequently is referred
to air, but may be referred to other gases.
Example
If an organic liquid , has a specific gravity of 1.57,
what is the density in:
 (a) g/cm3 ?

(b) lbm/ft3 ?

(c) kg/m3 ?
Example
A liquid material has a specific gravity
of 0.7
Calculate the following:

The density in lbm/ft3 for this material.

The specific volume for this material.


Problem
The gas constant R is given by :

Where P is the pressure, V is the


volume, n is the
concentration(mole/volume) and T
is the temperature. Using MLT
system, find the dimensions of R?
Flow Rate
For continuous processes the flow rate of a process
stream is the rate at which material is transported
through a pipe.
Mass Flow rate : The mass flow rate (m·) of a
process stream is the mass (m) transported through
a line per unit time (t).

m· =
Flow Rate cont.
The volumetric flow rate (F) of a process stream is
the volume (V) transported through a line per unit
time:
F=
The molar flow rate (n) of a process stream is the
number of moles (n) of a substance transported
through a line per unit time:
n· =
Mole Fraction and Mass Fraction
Mole fraction is simply the number of moles of a
particular compound in a mixture or solution divided
by the total number of moles in the mixture or
solution. This definition holds for gases, liquids, and
solids.
Mole fraction of A =
Mole Fraction and Mass Fraction cont.

the mass fraction is the mass of the compound


divided by the total mass of all of the
compounds in the mixture or solution.
mass fraction of A =
Example
A mixture contains 5 Kg water and 5 Kg NaOH ,
what are the mass fraction and the mole fraction of
each component?

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