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FCFS Algorithms

FCFS, or First-Come, First-Served, is a simple scheduling algorithm that executes processes in the order they arrive, without preemption. While it is easy to implement and fair, it suffers from the 'convoy effect' and can lead to longer average waiting times compared to other algorithms. FCFS is commonly used in batch systems and various real-world applications, but has limitations that are addressed by its variants.

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2 views

FCFS Algorithms

FCFS, or First-Come, First-Served, is a simple scheduling algorithm that executes processes in the order they arrive, without preemption. While it is easy to implement and fair, it suffers from the 'convoy effect' and can lead to longer average waiting times compared to other algorithms. FCFS is commonly used in batch systems and various real-world applications, but has limitations that are addressed by its variants.

Uploaded by

praneet10910
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FCFS Algorithms

SlideMake.com
Introduction to FCFS Algorithms

• FCFS, or First-Come, First-Served, is one of the simplest


scheduling algorithms used in operating systems.

• It operates on the principle that the first process to arrive is the first
to be executed.

• This method is commonly used in both CPU scheduling and disk


scheduling scenarios.

1
How FCFS Works

• In FCFS, processes are maintained in a queue based on their


arrival times.

• Once a process starts executing, it runs to completion before the


next process in line is addressed.

• The order of execution is strictly determined by the order of arrival,


without preemption.

2
Advantages of FCFS

• One of the primary advantages of FCFS is its simplicity and ease of


implementation.

• It provides a fair allocation of CPU time, as each process gets its


turn based solely on arrival time.

• FCFS is predictable, which can simplify system design and


performance analysis.

3
Disadvantages of FCFS

• The main disadvantage of FCFS is the "convoy effect," where short


processes wait for long processes to complete.

• It can lead to suboptimal average waiting times, especially in


environments with varying process lengths.

• FCFS is not suitable for time-sensitive applications, as it does not


prioritize urgent tasks.

4
FCFS in Operating Systems

• FCFS is commonly used in batch systems where processes are


executed without user interaction.

• It is often the first scheduling algorithm introduced in operating


system courses due to its straightforward nature.

• Many operating systems implement FCFS for managing background


processes and print jobs.

5
Performance Metrics

• Key performance metrics for FCFS include average waiting time,


turnaround time, and response time.

• The average waiting time can be significantly affected by the order


of process arrival.

• In scenarios with long processes, the overall system throughput


may suffer due to inefficient scheduling.

6
Comparison with Other Algorithms

• Compared to Shortest Job First (SJF), FCFS can lead to longer


average wait times.

• Round Robin scheduling offers more responsiveness, while FCFS


can lead to starvation for shorter processes.

• Unlike Priority Scheduling, FCFS does not consider the priority of


processes, treating all equally.

7
Real-World Applications

• FCFS is utilized in various real-world applications, including print


spooling systems.

• It can be seen in task scheduling for batch jobs in mainframe


environments.

• Many hardware queues, such as disk scheduling, can also


implement FCFS due to its straightforward nature.

8
Modifications and Variants

• Variants of FCFS, like Shortest Job First, aim to mitigate some of


FCFS's inefficiencies.

• Some systems incorporate priority levels while still maintaining the


queue's first-come order.

• Hybrid scheduling algorithms often combine aspects of FCFS with


other principles to improve responsiveness.

9
Conclusion

• FCFS remains a fundamental concept in scheduling algorithms,


providing insights into basic process management.

• While it has limitations, its simplicity makes it a useful tool in many


scenarios.

• Understanding FCFS is essential for grasping more complex


scheduling algorithms and their behaviors.

• Feel free to adjust or expand any of the slides as needed!


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